Kvävegruppstransferaser
Sulfur Group Transferases
Sulfur Group Transferases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a sulfur group from one molecule to another. These enzymes play a crucial role in various biological processes, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids, as well as the detoxification of xenobiotics (foreign substances) in the body.
One-Carbon Group Transferases
One-carbon group transferases are a class of enzymes that transfer one-carbon units (such as methyl, methylene, formyl, or formimino groups) from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule in various metabolic reactions. These enzymes play crucial roles in several biochemical pathways, including the synthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, and other essential cellular components. Examples of one-carbon group transferases include methionine synthase, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, and glycine cleavage system enzymes.
Transferaser
Enligt IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) definieras en transferas som: "En enzym som katalyserar överföringen av en funktionell grupp (-X), till exempel en metyl-, acetyl- eller aminosgrupp, från ett donorsubstrat till ett acceptorsubstrat, vanligtvis en molekyl med en aktivt hydroxyl (-OH) eller amino (-NH2) grupp." Transferaser utgör en av sex huvudklasser av enzymer enligt den systematiska EC-numreringen.