Evaluation with acoustic rhinometry of patients undergoing sinonasal surgery. (33/214)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of Acoustic Rhinometry in assessing surgical outcomes in sinonasal surgery. This prospective study was carried out from January till December 2001. A group of 44 patients who presented with nasal obstruction due to various rhinologic abnormality were examined with acoustic rhinometry pre and post-operatively. They were examined with acoustic rhinometry pre and post decongestion with cocaine and adrenaline. A highly significant correlation existed between minimal cross sectional area (MCA) and the subjective feeling of nasal problem, pre and post surgery. Thus MCA is a valuable parameter to express objectively the nasal patency. The mucovascular component of the nasal cavity plays a major role in the nasal patency as determined in the pre and post-decongestion acoustic rhinometry measurement. Acoustic rhinometry is a good tool to evaluate the nasal patency in cases where sinonasal surgery is considered in correcting the abnormality as well as for the post-operative evaluation.  (+info)

Giant cell reparative granuloma of the nasal cavity. (34/214)

We report an unusual case of giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) arising in the nasal cavity of a 7-year-old girl. GCRG is an uncommon benign lesion that is most commonly found in the mandible and maxilla. The MR imaging and CT findings of this lesion, as well as GCRGs in other craniofacial bones and extragnathic sites, will be reviewed. Although rare, the imaging characteristics of GCRGs should be recognized, and this entity should be suggested when the clinical information, CT, and MR features suggest a fibrous-osseous lesion in the nasal cavity.  (+info)

Inspiratory flow in the nose: a model coupling flow and vasoerectile tissue distensibility. (35/214)

We have developed a discrete multisegmental model describing the coupling between inspiratory flow and nasal wall distensibility. This model is composed of 14 individualized compliant elements, each with its own relationship between cross-sectional area and transmural pressure. Conceptually, this model is based on flow limitation induced by the narrowing of duct due to collapsing pressure. For a given inspiratory pressure and for a given compliance distribution, this model predicts the area profile and inspiratory flow. Acoustic rhinometry and posterior rhinomanometry were used to determine the initial geometric area and mechanical characteristics of each element. The proposed model, used under steady-state conditions, is able to simulate the pressure-flow relationship observed in vivo under normal conditions (4 subjects) and under pathological conditions (4 vasomotor rhinitis and 3 valve syndrome subjects). Our results suggest that nasal wall compliance is an essential parameter to understand the nasal inspiratory flow limitation phenomenon and the associated increase of resistance that is well known to physiologists. By predicting the functional pressure-flow relationship, this model could be a useful tool for the clinician to evaluate the potential effects of treatments.  (+info)

Power microdebrider-assisted modification of endoscopic inferior turbinoplasty: a preliminary report. (36/214)

BACKGROUND: In this article, microdebrider-assisted modification of endoscopic inferior turbinoplasty is described. It has the advantage of superior visualization during elevation of the mucosal flap and allows precise tailoring of the resection to the needs of patients. METHODS: From November 2001 to December 2002, 29 patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis treated with power endoscopic inferior turbinoplasty were available for follow-up examinations. Questionnaires and rhinomanometric studies were performed for subjective and objective evaluations. These patients were followed up for an average of 15.3 months after the operation. RESULTS: The overall improvement in nasal obstruction was 91% in our study. Twenty-two patients received rhinomanometric studies 1 week preoperatively and 2 months postoperatively. The average nasal airflow was increased by 187 ml/min. In addition, complete relief of headaches was achieved. But the remission rates of persistent rhinorrhea and post-nasal dripping were less significant, at about 58% and 54%, respectively. Atrophic change and permanent synechiae had not yet been observed. CONCLUSIONS: Power endoscopic turbintoplasty is a safe, simple, and effective method for the treatment of chronic hypertrophic rhinitis. It is especially handy in adjunct to endoscopic septoplasty or sinosurgery, and appears to provide a surgical choice of a minimally invasive technique. However, further study with a prospective design is needed to strengthen the evidence.  (+info)

Intranasal tooth: report of three cases. (37/214)

Intranasal teeth are uncommon, with only a few reported cases in the past few decades. The clinical manifestations of an intranasal tooth are quite variable. Unilateral nasal obstruction is a common complaint, but even though nasal symptoms are present, an intranasal tooth can be an incidental finding during routine examination in patients without nasal discomfort. Although the diagnosis is not difficult to make, a complete workup that included radiological investigations is important before any surgery is attempted. Transnasal endoscopic surgical approaches have been described with no evidence of recurrence or complications in similar cases. Herein, three patients with an intranasal tooth are described, along with possible etiologies, potential complications, differential diagnoses and their treatments.  (+info)

Nasal septal abscess as a complication of laser inferior turbinectomy. (38/214)

Postoperative infections are infrequent following laser inferior turbinate surgery. We report a 52-year-old man with a Klebsiella pneumoniae nasal septal abscess as a complication of potassium-titanium-phosphate 532-nm laser turbinectomy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such a potentially serious complication resulting from minor ambulatory intranasal surgery. The clinical presentation, pathogenesis, and management of nasal septal abscesses are discussed.  (+info)

Superoxide dismutase failed to attenuate allergen-induced nasal congestion in ragweed-sensitized dogs. (39/214)

We hypothesized that augmentation of antioxidant defenses with exogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that provides an initial defense against oxidative injury, would attenuate allergen-induced nasal congestion in the canine model of allergic rhinitis. Nasal congestion was evaluated by the measurements of nasal resistance and the volume of the nasal passage. In five nonsensitized dogs, 30,000 U of SOD from bovine erythrocytes delivered by aerosol to the nasal passages before histamine challenge reduced the histamine-induced nasal congestion. At 30 min postchallenge, nasal resistance was 1.14 +/- 0.2 cmH2O.l(-1).min(-1) in the saline pretreatment study vs. 0.36 +/- 0.02 cmH2O.l(-1).min(-1) in the SOD pretreatment study (P < 0.05), and volume of nasal passage was 10.9 +/- 0.5 cm3 vs. 17.4 +/- 1.3 cm3 (P < 0.05), respectively. In five sensitized dogs, however, neither an analogous pretreatment with SOD nor intranasal aerosolized pretreatment with 30,000 U of SOD conjugated to polyethylene glycol attenuated ragweed-induced nasal congestion. Also, systemic application of SOD did not attenuate responses to challenges with histamine and ragweed in nonsensitized and sensitized dogs, respectively. The antioxidant-induced attenuation of nasal congestion in nonsensitized dogs confirms validity of the model and indicates the involvement of free radical-mediated damage in the genesis of the histamine-induced congestion. In sensitized dogs, the data do not support the hypothesis that oxidative stress is a clinically significant component of acute ragweed-induced nasal congestion. The data do not support the use of SOD for acute protection against allergic rhinitis.  (+info)

Histamine receptors that influence blockage of the normal human nasal airway. (40/214)

1. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms by which histamine causes nasal blockage. Histamine, 40-800 microg, intranasally into each nostril, induced significant blockage of the nasal airway in normal human subjects, as measured by acoustic rhinometry. 2. Oral pretreatment with cetirizine, 5-30 mg, the H1 antagonist, failed to reverse completely the nasal blockage induced by histamine, 400 microg. 3. Dimaprit, 50-200 microg, the H2 agonist, intranasally, caused nasal blockage, which was reversed by oral pretreatment with ranitidine, 75 mg, the H2 antagonist. 4. A combination of cetirizine, 20 mg, and ranitidine, 75 mg, caused greater inhibition of the nasal blockage caused by histamine, 400 microg, than cetirizine alone. In the presence of both antagonists, there was residual histamine-induced nasal blockage. 5. R-alpha-methylhistamine (R-alpha-MeH), 100-600 microg, the H3 agonist, intranasally, caused nasal blockage, which was not inhibited by either cetirizine or ranitidine. 6. Thioperamide, 700 microg, the H3 antagonist, intranasally, reversed the R-alpha-MeH-induced nasal blockage. Thioperamide alone had no significant action on the nasal blockage induced by histamine, 400 and 1000 microg, but, in the presence of cetirizine, 20 mg, thioperamide further reduced the histamine-induced nasal blockage. 7. Corynanthine, 2 mg, the alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist, administered intranasally, caused nasal blockage. 8. Corynanthine produced a greater increase in nasal blockage when in combination with bradykinin compared to its combination with R-alpha-MeH. 9. There appears to be a contribution of H1, H2 and H3 receptors to histamine-induced nasal blockage in normal human subjects. The sympathetic nervous system actively maintains nasal patency and we suggest that activation of nasal H3 receptors may downregulate sympathetic activity.  (+info)