Effects of inhaled alpha-emitting actinides on mouse alveolar macrophages.
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The effects of inhaled alpha-emitting actinides on the alveolar macrophage (AM) population of the rodent lung are reviewed and, in particular, of the effects of 239PuO2 on murine AM. The effects discussed include changes the AM pool size, macrophage diameter, mobility, phagocytic competence, and enzyme content. Finally, similarities in the dose-response relationships for the induction of nuclear aberrations by alpha emitters and in the induction of lung tumors by the same materials are noted. (+info)
Adsorption behavior of cationic and anionic species on chitosan resins possessing amino acid moieties.
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Chitosan resins modified with amino acids, such as glycine, valine, leucine, and serine, were synthesized for investigating the adsorption behavior of cationic and anionic species, and showed good abilities for the adsorption of trace elements in aquatic media as follows: glycine for lanthanoids at pH 7, leucine for molybdenum at pH 1-5, serine for uranium at pH 2-7, and amino acids for bismuth at pH 1-7. Cationic and anionic species could be adsorbed by a chelating mechanism and an anion-exchange mechanism. (+info)
Separation of actinides using capillary extraction chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
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Trace levels of actinides have been separated on capillary extraction chromatography columns. Detection of the actinides was achieved using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, which was coupled with the extraction chromatography system. In this study, we compare 30-cm long, 4.6 mm i.d. columns to capillary columns (750 microm i.d.) with lengths from 30 cm up to 150 cm. The columns that were tested were packed with TRU resin. We were able to separate a mixture of five actinides ((232)Th, (238)U, (237)Np, (239)Pu, and (241)Am). This work has application to rapid bioassay as well as automated separations of actinide materials. (+info)
Biomimetic actinide chelators: an update on the preclinical development of the orally active hydroxypyridonate decorporation agents 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) and 5-LIO(Me-3,2-HOPO).
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Circularly polarized luminescence of curium: a new characterization of the 5f actinide complexes.
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A key distinction between the lanthanide (4f) and the actinide (5f) transition elements is the increased role of f-orbital covalent bonding in the latter. Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) is an uncommon but powerful spectroscopy which probes the electronic structure of chiral, luminescent complexes or molecules. While there are many examples of CPL spectra for the lanthanides, this report is the first for an actinide. Two chiral, octadentate chelating ligands based on orthoamide phenol (IAM) were used to complex curium(III). While the radioactivity kept the amount of material limited to micromole amounts, spectra of the highly luminescent complexes showed significant emission peak shifts between the different complexes, consistent with ligand field effects previously observed in luminescence spectra. (+info)
Sensitizing curium luminescence through an antenna protein to investigate biological actinide transport mechanisms.
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