Results of the Bosworth method for unstable fractures of the distal clavicle.
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Eleven consecutive Neer's type II unstable fractures of the distal third of the clavicle were treated by open reduction and internal fixation, using a temporary Bosworth-type screw. In all cases, fracture healing occurred within 10 weeks. Shoulder function was restored to the pre-injury level. A Bosworth-type screw fixation is a relatively easy and safe technique of open reduction and internal fixation of type II fractures of the distal third of the clavicle. (+info)
Osteochondroma of the first rib presenting as a prominent clavicle. A report of 2 cases.
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We describe and discuss two patients with osteochondromas of the first rib which presented as prominence of the medial end of the clavicle. (+info)
The prevalence and CT appearance of the levator claviculae muscle: a normal variant not to be mistaken for an abnormality.
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The levator claviculae muscle is an infrequently recognized variant in humans, occurring in 2% to 3% of the population, and has rarely been reported in the radiologic or anatomic literature. The importance of this muscle to radiologists is in distinguishing it from an abnormality; most commonly, cervical adenopathy. After discovering this muscle on the CT scans of two patients during routine clinical examinations, we conducted a study to determine the prevalence and appearance of the muscle on CT studies. METHODS: We evaluated 300 CT scans that adequately depicted the expected location of the muscle. The most superior level in which the muscle could be identified and the apparent location of insertion on the clavicle were recorded for all subjects in whom the muscle was detected. RESULTS: Seven levator claviculae muscles were identified in six subjects (2%). It was bilateral in one, on the left in four, and on the right in one. It was identified up to the level of the transverse process of C3 in all cases. The insertion was the middle third of the clavicle for two muscles and the lateral third of the clavicle for the remaining five muscles. CONCLUSION: Because the levator claviculae muscle will most likely be encountered during a radiologist's career, it is important to recognize this muscle as a variant and not as an abnormality. (+info)
Early prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of cleidocranial dysplasia.
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A woman was referred in the first trimester of her third pregnancy because of a family history of cleidocranial dysplasia. An ultrasound examination at 14 weeks 4 days revealed a fetus with appropriate biometric measurements. However, the clavicles were noted to be hypoplastic and the cranium appeared less well ossified than expected for gestational age, suggesting the diagnosis of cleidocranial dysplasia. On subsequent examination at 21 weeks, the findings were essentially unchanged. Induced vaginal delivery owing to decreased amniotic fluid volume occurred at 37 weeks, and a female weighing 3200 g was delivered. The infant had clinical and X-ray signs of cleidocranial dysplasia. (+info)
Surgical treatment of comminuted fractures of the distal clavicle using Wolter clavicular plates.
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Surgical reduction and fixation using Wolter clavicular plates was performed in 16 patients with distal clavicle fractures. Good bony union was obtained in all cases. The patients had neither postoperative pain nor muscle weakness. Compared with tension band wiring, the Wolter clavicular plates were better able to maintain the anatomic repositioning of comminuted distal clavicle fractures. However this method takes longer and requires a second operation for plate removal. Wolter clavicular plate placement is the treatment of choice for unstable distal clavicle fractures with small comminuted fragments. (+info)
Genomic differentiation of Neanderthals and anatomically modern man allows a fossil-DNA-based classification of morphologically indistinguishable hominid bones.
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Southern blot hybridizations of genomic DNA were introduced as a relatively simple fossil-DNA-based approach to classify remains of Neanderthals. When hybridized with genomic DNA of either human or Neanderthal origin, DNA extracted from two Neanderthal finds-the Os parietale, from Warendorf-Neuwarendorf, Germany, and a clavicula, from Krapina, Croatia-was shown to yield hybridization signals that differ by at least a factor of two compared to the signals obtained with the use of fossil DNA of an early Homo sapiens from the Vogelherd cave (Stetten I), Germany. When labeled chimpanzee DNA was used as a probe, Neanderthal and human DNA, however, revealed hybridization signals of similar intensity. Thus, the genome of Neanderthals is expected to differ significantly from the genome of anatomically modern man, because of the contrasting composition of repetitive DNA. These data support the hypothesis that Neanderthals were not ancestors of anatomically modern man. (+info)
Arthroscopic Mumford procedure variation of technique.
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Fifty-seven patients had arthroscopic Mumford procedures for acromioclavicular pain non-responsive to conservative treatment. Thirty-nine of these patients had concomitant rotator cuff repairs. All had significant improvement of their distal clavicular pain. Neither the amount nor the completeness of distal clavicle resection affected the results. Arthroscopic distal clavicle resection is a safe and effective method of alleviating acromioclavicular pain. (+info)
Claviculectomy for subclavian venous repair: long-term functional results.
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OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term functional results after medial claviculectomy and venous patch angioplasty or bypass grafting using internal jugular vein after incomplete thrombolysis of effort thrombosis of the subclavian vein. METHODS: The records of 11 patients with effort thrombosis who were treated over the past 9 years were reviewed. Patients have been followed up between 3 and 9 years at 6-month intervals with duplex imaging and contrast venography when indicated and have had an orthopedic evaluation of their shoulder function. RESULTS: All reconstructed veins are patent, and only one patient complains of any arm swelling after prolonged usage. This patient is one of three with postphlebitic changes at the site of repair and has similar findings in her basilic vein. All patients have returned to their prethrombosis vocation without limitation. Four of the 11 patients have jobs requiring heavy physical labor. No patient describes any limitations of shoulder function, but one man who works as a diesel mechanic complains of shoulder aching with overuse with repetitive pulling. Three patients describe upper extremity paresthesias when lying on the operated side. Two patients (one man and one woman) are bothered by the large scar and indentation at the site of the incision. Every patient considers the overall result completely successful from a functional standpoint. CONCLUSIONS: Early subclavian venous repair performed through a medial claviculectomy is a durable operation with excellent long-term functional results. Half of the patients noted minor but significant symptoms, but all are uniformly able to return to normal function. (+info)