The islets of Langerhans are small groups of cells in the pancreas that function as an endocrine gland . (daviddarling.info)
The islets of Langerhans, also called the islands of Langerhans, are the endocrine part of the pancreas. (keyence.com)
the islets of Langerhans are mostly distributed in the tail of the pancreas. (keyence.com)
Biopsy of pancreas tissue of diabetic and normal rats showed that the Langerhans islet beta cells of diabetic rats have been clearly degenerated. (scialert.net)
Diseases of the endocrine system, including the thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal gland, pituitary gland, and the islands of Langerhans of the pancreas, usually result in multisystem signs and symptoms. (medscape.com)
The pancreatic islets or islets of Langerhans are the regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine (hormone-producing) cells, discovered in 1869 by German pathological anatomist Paul Langerhans . (wikipedia.org)
[1] The pancreatic islets constitute 1-2% of the pancreas volume and receive 10-15% of its blood flow. (wikipedia.org)
[2] [3] The pancreatic islets are arranged in density routes throughout the human pancreas, and are important in the metabolism of glucose . (wikipedia.org)
There are about 1 million islets distributed throughout the pancreas of a healthy adult human, each of which measures an average of about 0.2 mm in diameter. (wikipedia.org)
:928 Each islet is separated from the surrounding pancreatic tissue by a thin fibrous connective tissue capsule which is continuous with the fibrous connective tissue that is interwoven throughout the rest of the pancreas. (wikipedia.org)
Because the beta cells in the pancreatic islets are selectively destroyed by an autoimmune process in type 1 diabetes , clinicians and researchers are actively pursuing islet transplantation as a means of restoring physiological beta cell function, which would offer an alternative to a complete pancreas transplant or artificial pancreas . (wikipedia.org)
While an islet cell transplant involves the transfer of cells from a donor pancreas, a pancreas transplant involves a person receiving a whole, healthy donor pancreas. (medicalnewstoday.com)
We further found selective loss of islet-associated beta cells in dogs with sDM and sDMPanc, suggesting that collateral damage from inflammation in the exocrine pancreas is not a likely cause of DM in these dogs . (bvsalud.org)
An islet cell tumor, also known as a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor , forms in hormone-producing cells (islet cells) of the pancreas. (medicinenet.com)
The alpha cells and beta cells are present in the Islets of Langerhans, a special group of cells in the pancreas. (byjus.com)
Taken together, space flight research, ground-based studies, and bioreactor studies of pancreatic islets of Langerhans support the hypothesis that the pancreas is unable to overcome peripheral insulin resistance and amino acid dysregulation during space flight. (nih.gov)
An insulin-producing cell type found in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. (mayo.edu)
The peri-islet membrane, which encapsulates the islets, separates the endocrine cells from the exocrine pancreas and serves as a barrier from immune cell infiltration to the islets. (nature.com)
In the tail region of the pancreas of patients with the Megas form, there was a significant and positive correlation (r = +0.73) between the area and density of pancreatic islets. (scielo.br)
Individuals with the Megas form of Chagas' disease showed increased area and density of pancreatic islets in the tail of the pancreas. (scielo.br)
Endocrine pancreas cells cluster together in many small groups (islets) throughout the pancreas. (cancer.gov)
Endocrine pancreas cells are also called islet cells or islets of Langerhans. (cancer.gov)
These were not predominantly located in situ within the mature islets of Langerhans, but in small clusters of endocrine cells throughout the pancreas. (bepress.com)
Secretion15
The effects of interleukin 1 (IL-1) on glucose-induced insulin secretion from isolated rat islets of Langerhans have been examined. (diabetesjournals.org)
Inhibition of glucose-induoed insulin secretion was observed after a 15-h treatment of islets with either purified IL-1, murine recombinant IL-1 (rIL-1), or human rIL-1. (diabetesjournals.org)
Finally, the viability of islets treated 15 h with murine rIL-1 was demonstrated by the observation that the inhibitory effects of murine rIL-1 on glucose-induced insulin secretion were reversible. (diabetesjournals.org)
These studies suggest that IL-1 may have a physiological role as a potent modulator of insulin secretion by islets of Langerhans. (diabetesjournals.org)
Pseudoislets comprising clonal cells have emerged as an alternative to study islet-cell interactions and insulin secretion. (ulster.ac.uk)
Interleukin (IL)-1β-induced inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in rat islets of Langerhans is mediated in part by nitric oxide (NO). The NO synthase cofactor 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) supports NO synthesis in many cell types and IL-1β-induced NO generation and inhibition of insulin secretion have been previously correlated with intracellular BH4 levels in rat insulinoma cells. (brighton.ac.uk)
Using rat islets and the beta cell line BRIN-BD11, we have investigated whether synthesis of BH4 limits IL-1β-induced NO generation and inhibition of glucose-induced insulin secretion. (brighton.ac.uk)
DAHP reversed IL-1β-induced inhibition of islet insulin secretion, an effect prevented by sepiapterin. (brighton.ac.uk)
While a contribution of non-NO mediators cannot be excluded, our results support the proposal that IL-1β-induced, NO-mediated inhibition of insulin secretion in rat islets is dependent on the NOS cofactor BH4. (brighton.ac.uk)
We present data showing alterations in tumor necrosis factor-alpha production, insulin secretion, and amino acid metabolism in pancreatic islets of Langerhans cultured in a ground-based cell culture bioreactor that mimics some of the effects of microgravity. (nih.gov)
In addition to providing biomechanical support to the islets, ECM components are required for β-cell development, proliferation, survival, and proper insulin secretion. (nature.com)
We have shown that risk individuals exhibit reduced insulin secretion due to an enhanced inhibitory effect of melatonin in islets. (lu.se)
Our research aims to understand the impact of deregulated insulin- and glucagon-secretion from pancreatic islet of Langerhans in the aetiology of type 2 diabetes. (lu.se)
The main focus of our research is to investigate the regulation of insulin and glucagon secretion from a cell physiological perspective and with a specific interest in how non-coding RNAs such as microRNA are involved in the control of islet cell function. (lu.se)
An overall better understanding of the islet cell function will improve therapeutic treatment of diabetes, and we anticipate finding novel therapeutic targets to adjust deregulated insulin and glucagon secretion. (lu.se)
Paul Langerhans2
The islets of Langerhans are named after their discoverer, the German anatomist and microscopist Paul Langerhans (1847-1888). (daviddarling.info)
These clusters were named the "islets of Langerhans" after German pathologist Paul Langerhans, who discovered them. (keyence.com)
Transplantation5
Induction of experimental diabetes mellitus is indeed, the first step in the process of purification of pancreatic Langerhans islet cells of normal rats for transplantation under the testis subcutaneous of experimentally induced diabetic rats. (scialert.net)
Encapsulation of pancreatic islet cells allows for transplantation in the absence of immunosuppression. (scialert.net)
In this article, we discuss how the islet cell transplantation procedure works and why it may be a future treatment option for type 1 diabetes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Diabetic patients see the pancreatic islet transplantation (IT) as an idealized form of cure of the disease, and put great expectations in this treatment. (bvsalud.org)
Diabetes18
Insulin and other hormones secreted from the islets of Langerhans adjust blood glucose levels, and a weakening of this function is understood to cause diabetes. (keyence.com)
Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA [email protected] , Bonner-Weir S. (cellr4.org)
Transplanting islet cells can fix brittle diabetes. (cellr4.org)
The beta cells of the pancreatic islets secrete insulin , and so play a significant role in diabetes . (wikipedia.org)
Islet cell transplant: Can it help treat type 1 diabetes? (medicalnewstoday.com)
Islet cell transplants are a promising experimental treatment for difficult to control type 1 diabetes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Loss of sympathetic innervation to islets of Langerhans in canine diabetes and pancreatitis is not associated with insulitis. (bvsalud.org)
This platform demonstrates the feasibility of array-based islet cellular analysis and opens up a new modality to conduct informative and quantitive evaluation of islets and cell-based screening for new diabetes treatments. (nih.gov)
South Korean life science firm optipharm will use xeno islet technology to enter the 27 trillion won Chinese diabetes treatment market, according to South Korean portal naver. (xenolife.cn)
It is used in medicine for treating certain cancers of the islets of Langerhans and used in medical research to produce an animal model for hyperglycemia and Alzheimer's in a large dose, as well as type 2 diabetes or type 1 diabetes with multiple low doses. (streptozotocininhibitor.com)
Loss of the ECM during the islet isolation process is considered to be a significant factor in the poor engraftment rate of transplanted β-cells, thus limiting cell replacement therapy to diabetes 6 . (nature.com)
Dr. Benninger's research focuses on understanding the mechanisms underlying pancreatic islet function and decline in type1 and type2 diabetes. (cuanschutz.edu)
A major focus has been understanding the role of intra-islet communication and functional sub-populations of cells in islet function, and how disruption to intra-islet communication mechanisms and changes in sub-populations occur in diabetes and may contribute to islet decline. (cuanschutz.edu)
Complimentary to these studies, Dr Benninger's lab is also developing ultrasound-based imaging diagnostics for non-invasively detecting islet decline in pre-symptomatic diabetes and as a platform for image-guided drug delivery. (cuanschutz.edu)
We also have an interest in islet cell function in more rare diabetes types, such as cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) and glucocorticoid-induced diabetes. (lu.se)
Our findings suggest differential expression of microRNAs in the islets during development of type 2 diabetes, and that microRNAs can be utilized as therapeutic targets in the islets or as blood-based biomarkers for disease detection. (lu.se)
To decipher human islet microRNA networks and blood-based microRNA biomarkers to disclose central microRNAs in diabetes development. (lu.se)
To investigate how islet cell function is regulated by external and internal signals, to understand if and how nutrient and drugs, exocrine-endocrine crosstalk, and paracrine islet signalling are part of the development of diabetes. (lu.se)
Cells34
Interleukin 1 beta induces the formation of nitric oxide by beta-cells purified from rodent islets of Langerhans. (jci.org)
This is further demonstrated by IL-1 beta-induced inhibition of glucose oxidation by purified beta-cells, mitochondrial aconitase activity of dispersed islet cells, and mitochondrial aconitase activity of Rin-m5F cells, all of which are prevented by NMMA. (jci.org)
The islet cell types, alpha, beta, and delta cells, each secrete different hormones, and regulate the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream. (keyence.com)
Fluorescent immunostaining using anti-glucagon antibodies and anti-insulin antibodies allows for visualization of glucagon-positive cells as α cells and insulin-positive cells as β cells, clarifying each cell type's distribution in the islets of Langerhans. (keyence.com)
employing enzymes like DNase and trypsine, so the islet cells were changed into single cells and these cells were assayed by flow cytometry. (scialert.net)
Hormones produced in the pancreatic islets are secreted directly into the blood flow by (at least) five types of cells. (wikipedia.org)
Islets can influence each other through paracrine and autocrine communication, and beta cells are coupled electrically to six to seven other beta cells, but not to other cell types. (wikipedia.org)
A pancreatic islet, showing beta cells. (wikipedia.org)
It has turned out that the behavior of cells in intact islets differs significantly from the behavior of dispersed cells. (wikipedia.org)
Islet cell transplants involve the transfer of insulin-producing cells from a donor that may be able to replace the destroyed cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Its endocrine function involves a group of cells known as the islets of Langerhans , or islet cells . (medicalnewstoday.com)
One of the most studied islet cell types is beta cells, which secrete insulin in response to a high concentration of glucose in the blood. (medicalnewstoday.com)
An islet cell transplant is a medical procedure that involves the transfer of healthy beta cells from a donor. (medicalnewstoday.com)
They slowly transfer the donated islet cells through the catheter. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The islet cells then become lodged in the blood vessels of the liver. (medicalnewstoday.com)
During the transplant, the individual will take immunosuppressants to help prevent their immune system from rejecting the transplanted islet cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Electrical bursting oscillations of mammalian pancreatic beta-cells are synchronous among cells within an islet. (nyu.edu)
The results of our model suggest that diffusion of extracellular K+ may contribute to coupling and synchronization of electrical oscillations in beta-cells within an islet. (nyu.edu)
Statement 2: Alpha cells are present in the Islets of Langerhans. (byjus.com)
IL-1β-induced NO generation by BRIN cells and islets was reduced by 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine (DAHP), an inhibitor of de novo BH4 synthesis. (brighton.ac.uk)
Sepiapterin, the substrate for salvage pathway BH4 synthesis, reversed this inhibitory effect of DAHP in islets but not BRIN cells. (brighton.ac.uk)
We conclude that BH4 generation is necessary for IL-1β-induced NO generation in rat islets and BRIN cells. (brighton.ac.uk)
β-Cells depend on the islet basement membrane (BM). (nature.com)
While some islet BM components are produced by endothelial cells (ECs), the source of others remains unknown. (nature.com)
β-Cells depend on the islet niche for their mass and functionality. (nature.com)
Hence, recapitulating the islet ECM in both isolated islets and stem-cell-derived β-cells is of high therapeutic value. (nature.com)
The vascular BM surrounds the islet capillary network and directly contacts mouse endocrine cells. (nature.com)
Thus, human endocrine cells are not in direct contact with the vascular BM components but with the invaginated peri-islet membrane. (nature.com)
The focus of Dr. Baker's research is to understand how islet-reactive CD4 T cells are activated in the context of T1D. (cuanschutz.edu)
The drug's action depends on functional beta cells in pancreatic islets. (medscape.com)
My scientific work has focused on the insulin-secreting beta-cells in the islets of Langerhans. (lu.se)
The approach has allowed us to further map and understand metabolism in islets and beta-cells. (lu.se)
Pancreatic alpha cells of islets of Langerhans produce glucagon, a polypeptide hormone. (medscape.com)
Hormones3
The islets of Langerhans consist of different cell types , with many being responsible for the production and release of hormones that regulate glucose levels. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In recent years, my research activities have been devoted to metabolism in islets but I started my scientific career by examining islet hormones other than insulin. (lu.se)
Amyloid polypeptide1
The topic of my first scientific endeavour was the, at that time, newly discovered islet hormone islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), also known as amylin. (lu.se)
Nitric oxide1
These results demonstrate that the islet beta-cell is a source of IL-1 beta-induced nitric oxide production, and that beta-cell mitochondrial iron-sulfur containing enzymes are one site of action of nitric oxide. (jci.org)
Murine1
Islets treated 15 h with inhibitory concentrations of murine IL-1 were morphologically intact, well granulated, and retained normal concentrations of insulin compared with control islets. (diabetesjournals.org)
Collagenase1
Collagenase isolated mouse pancreatic islets were maintained in tissue culture for up to 5 months in a culture medium buffered with Hepes and the pH varying between 6.8 and 7.6. (ku.dk)
Lipotoxicity1
This has implications both for normal control of insulin release as well as disease processes in islets, also known as lipotoxicity. (lu.se)
Consuming isolation process1
Experiments using isolated islets of Langerhans are hampered by lack of supply and the consuming isolation process. (ulster.ac.uk)
Diabetic1
and (5) pancreatic islands of Langerhans dysfunction (as in diabetic muscle infarction). (medscape.com)
Infiltration1
We found evidence of decreased islet sympathetic innervation but no significant infiltration of islets with leukocytes in all disease groups. (bvsalud.org)
Functional2
Conclusions: The current study found that MIN6 pseudoislets share many important functional and molecular features with islets of Langerhans. (ulster.ac.uk)
Most pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (islet cell tumors) are functional tumors. (medicinenet.com)
Intracellular1
Furthermore, human rIL-1 treatment did not affect the islet plasma membrane permeability as assessed by the measurement of the islet intracellular volume. (diabetesjournals.org)
Tissue1
Studies utilize the tissue culture of animal and human connective tissue cell types, including myoblasts, fibroblasts and chondrocytes, hepatocytes, and isolated pancreatic islets of Langerhans. (bepress.com)
Cell13
Not to be confused with Langerhans cell . (wikipedia.org)
Individuals who undergo a successful islet cell transplant may experience normal insulin production. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Research suggests that islet cell transplants may be a more promising option due to their lower surgical risk and lower toxicity from immunosuppressants, and may provide better glycemic control. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Is Islet Cell Tumor a Neuroendocrine Tumor? (medicinenet.com)
Is an Islet Cell Tumor a Neuroendocrine Tumor? (medicinenet.com)
The islet array, with live-cell multiparametric imaging integration, provides a better tool to understand the physiological and pathophysiological changes of pancreatic islets through the analysis of single islet responses. (nih.gov)
Whereas α2 laminins promoted islet cell clustering, they did not affect gene expression. (nature.com)
Thus, alongside ECs, pericytes are a significant source of the islet BM, which is essential for proper β-cell function. (nature.com)
Islet cell tumors may occur in children with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome. (cancer.gov)
The most common types of islet cell tumors are insulinomas and gastrinomas . (cancer.gov)
Other types of islet cell tumors are ACTHoma and VIPoma . (cancer.gov)
We showed that IAPP is expressed in several islet cell subtypes, as well as in the gastrointestinal tract and the sensory nervous system. (lu.se)
Extracellular2
1988) and K+ diffusion in the extracellular space of an islet. (nyu.edu)
Stokes, CL & Rinzel, J 1993, ' Diffusion of extracellular K+ can synchronize bursting oscillations in a model islet of Langerhans ', Biophysical journal , vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 597-607. (nyu.edu)
During the first weeks, the islets cultured at pH 7.6 had a higher response to both glucose and glucose plus theophylline than islets cultured at the other pH values, but later they lost their insulin releasing ability. (ku.dk)
PURPOSE: Hyperglycemia and abnormal glucose tolerance tests observed in some patients with chronic Chagas' disease suggest the possibility of morphological changes in pancreatic islets and/or denervation. (scielo.br)
Constitute1
Compared to ECs, pancreatic pericytes produce significantly higher levels of α2 and α4 laminin chains, which constitute the peri-islet and vascular BM. (nature.com)
Density1
likewise, the density of the pancreatic islets (PI) was greater (1.2 ± 0.7 vs. 0.9 ± 0.6 vs. 1.9 ± 1.0 PI/mm², respectively). (scielo.br)
Content1
Results: Mouse islets were found to have greater insulin content than pseudoislets. (ulster.ac.uk)
Species1
It has been recognized that the cytoarchitecture of pancreatic islets differs between species. (wikipedia.org)
Mouse2
The current study compared MIN6 pseudoislets and freshly isolated mouse islets. (ulster.ac.uk)
Here, we show that pericytes produce multiple components of the mouse pancreatic and islet interstitial and BM matrices. (nature.com)
Adult1
We compared pan- leukocyte and sympathetic innervation markers in pancreatic islets of adult dogs with spontaneous DM (sDM), spontaneous pancreatitis (sPanc), both (sDMPanc), toxin-induced DM (iDM) and controls. (bvsalud.org)
Disease2
The purpose of this study was to describe the morphology and morphometry of pancreatic islets in chronic Chagas' disease. (scielo.br)
Discrete fibrosis and leukocytic infiltrates were found in pancreatic ganglia and pancreatic islets of the patients with Chagas' disease. (scielo.br)