Comparative genomic hybridization. Medical search. Frequent questions

Background Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) is certainly a robust diagnostic tool for the detection of DNA copy number benefits and losses connected with chromosome abnormalities, a lot of that are below the resolution of regular chromosome analysis. (bibf1120.com)
Intro Molecular cytogenetic methods such as for example array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) possess revolutionized cytogenetic diagnostics and, subsequently, the medical management of individuals with developmental delays and multiple congenital anomalies [1,2]. (bibf1120.com)
Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) provides a method to quantitatively measure the changes of DNA copy number with an extremely high resolution and to map them directly onto the complete linear genome sequences. (korea.ac.kr)
In this study, we used aCGH to compare genomic alterations in fresh-frozen lung cancer tissues of 21 adenocarcinomas (AdCCs) (11 early relapse and 10 nonrelapse) and identified genomic alterations that showed significant by different frequency between early relapse and nonrelapse AdCCs. (korea.ac.kr)
Genomic alterations of chromosome 11p region in AdCC patients were observed with aCGH, and a relapsable marker was identified in the nonrelapse group. (korea.ac.kr)
By use of aCGH, DNA derived from tumor tissue can be compared with reference DNA, e.g., normal whole blood DNA, and genomic imbalances can effectively be investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
Similar to CGH is another method known as Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization, or aCGH. (psychesystems.com)
Detection of small copy number variations (CNVs) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by custom array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). (bvsalud.org)
The women were randomly assigned to undergo embryo selection for transfer on the basis of day-5 morphology or PGD-A using array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) for 24-chromosome testing before the start of treatment. (medscape.com)

High-Resolution Comparative Genomic Hybridization of Mirna Genes In Th" by Giridharan Ramsingh, Angela Matson et al. (usm.edu)
For this reason, we performed a fine-tuned interpretation of our DNA ploidy results and compared these to high-resolution comparative genomic hybridization (HR-CGH) outcome, by using the same samples. (biomedcentral.com)

The aim of this technique is to quickly and efficiently compare two genomic DNA samples arising from two sources, which are most often closely related, because it is suspected that they contain differences in terms of either gains or losses of either whole chromosomes or subchromosomal regions (a portion of a whole chromosome). (wikipedia.org)
We have used comparative genomic hybridisation to analyse 19 constitutional chromosome abnormalities detected by G band analysis, including seven deletions, five supernumerary marker chromosomes, two interstitial duplications, and five chromosomes presenting with abnormal terminal banding patterns. (bmj.com)
We discuss internal quality control measures, such as the mismatching of test and reference DNA in order to assess the quality of the competitive hybridisation effect on the X chromosome. (bmj.com)
Although the structural chromosome abnormalities in these cases were too small to identify the origin of the extra genomic material based on banding pattern, none of the abnormalities described by these authors can be considered to be subtle or cryptic. (bmj.com)
Screening for chromosome imbalances was carried out using comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) in 14 frozen samples of tumour from a series of 13 breast cancer patients with multiploid (n = 11) and hypertetraploid (n = 2) tumours. (bmj.com)
A chip consisting of 188 different genomic DNA fragments, cloned in bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) or P1-derived artificial chromosome (PAC) vectors and immobilized in replicas of 10, was used to assess the performance of the automated protocol in determining the gene dosage variations in tumor cell lines COLO320-HSR, HL60, and NGP. (edu.sy)
For a subset of 29 tumors, comparative genomic hybridization was additionally used to screen for chromosome copy number aberrations. (biomedcentral.com)
To further validate the gain of chromosome 11p region that was identified by array CGH, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed. (korea.ac.kr)
Sung, JS, Park, KH & Kim, YH 2010, ' Genomic alterations of chromosome region 11p as predictive marker by array comparative genomic hybridization in lung adenocarcinoma patients ', Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics , vol. 198, no. 1, pp. 27-34. (korea.ac.kr)
Our method of genotyping deletions on chromosome 7B relied on a model-based clustering algorithm (Mclust) to accurately predict the presence or absence of a given genomic sequence in a deletion line. (usda.gov)
Mayr D, Hirschmann A, Marlow S, Horvath C, Diebold J. Analysis of selected oncogenes (AKT1, FOS, BCL2L2, TGFbeta) on chromosome 14 in granulosa cell tumors (GCTs): a comprehensive study on 30 GCTs combining comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and fluorescence-in situ-hybridization (FISH). (cancercentrum.se)

Genome-wide screening for chromosomal imbalances using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) revealed a wealth of data on previously unrecognized tumor-specific genomic alterations. (edu.sy)
CGH to microarrays of DNA, an approach termed matrix-CGH, allows detection of genomic imbalances at a much higher resolution. (edu.sy)
Detection of genomic imbalances by comparative genomic hybridization in Chinese fetuses with malformations. (nel.edu)
Wang Y, Meng J, Wang X, Zhao Y, Wang L, Simpson J, Chen Z. Detection of genomic imbalances by comparative genomic hybridization in Chinese fetuses with malformations. (nel.edu)
High-resolution microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) techniques have successfully been applied to study copy number imbalances in a number of settings such as the analysis of cancer genomes. (biomedcentral.com)

This technique was originally developed for the evaluation of the differences between the chromosomal complements of solid tumor and normal tissue, and has an improved resolution of 5-10 megabases compared to the more traditional cytogenetic analysis techniques of giemsa banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) which are limited by the resolution of the microscope utilized. (wikipedia.org)
This is achieved through the use of competitive fluorescence in situ hybridization. (wikipedia.org)
It was concluded that the fluorescence ratios obtained were accurate and that differences between genomic DNA from different cell types were detectable, and therefore that CGH was a highly useful cytogenetic analysis tool. (wikipedia.org)
Empire Genomics provides microarrays and fluorescence in situ hybridization probes. (biosciregister.com)
Comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) is a dual fluorescence in situ hybridisation protocol capable of detecting global gains and losses of genomic regions by competitive DNA hybridisation. (bmj.com)
A short introduction how cytogenetics and molecular cytogenetics were established is followed by technical aspects of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). (frontiersin.org)
This review is about "molecular cytogenetics" including 1) the historical perspective of its development from cytogenetics, 2) technical aspects, 3) available probe sets, and 4) variants and applications of the basic fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) approach. (frontiersin.org)

Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization is a method of molecular analysis that identifies chromosomal anomalies (or copy number variants) that correlate with clinical phenotypes. (nih.gov)
Another goal was to test the association between a positive microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization result and the severity of intellectual disability/developmental delay. (nih.gov)
Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization identified structural chromosomal alterations responsible for the intellectual disability/developmental delay phenotype in 16% of our sample. (nih.gov)
We want to emphasize the need to conduct microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization on all individuals with intellectual disability/developmental delay, regardless of the severity, because the degree of intellectual disability/developmental delay does not predict the diagnostic yield of microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization. (nih.gov)

In the case of doubtful results on conventional cytogenetic studies, comparative genomic hybridization could play a role. (nycu.edu.tw)

With the matrix-CGH protocol presented here, robust and reliable detection of genomic gains and losses is accomplished in an automated fashion, which provides the basis for widespread application in tumor and clinical genetics. (edu.sy)
Oncogenic point mutations in KIT or PDGFRA are recognized as the primary events responsible for the pathogenesis of most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), but additional genomic alterations are frequent and presumably required for tumor progression. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to KIT/PDGFRA mutational status, our findings indicate that secondary chromosomal changes contribute significantly to tumor development and progression of GIST and that genomic complexity carries independent prognostic value that complements clinico-pathological and genotype information. (biomedcentral.com)
Accordingly, our research program is focused on genomic tumor biology and the subsequent functional elucidation of biological mechanisms. (lu.se)

The use of specialized instrumentation for the generation of DNA chips, their hybridization, scanning, and evaluation required numerous alterations and modifications of the initial protocol. (edu.sy)
Natural killer (NK) cell lymphomas/leukemias are highly aggressive lymphoid malignancies, but little is known about their genomic alterations, and thus there is an urgent need for identification and analysis of NK cell lymphomas/leukemias. (elsevierpure.com)
Genetic alterations in ovarian tumors analyzed by array comparative genomic hybridization. (stanford.edu)

BACKGROUND: Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) can detect chromosomal imbalance using genomic DNA extracted from tissue without culture and or metaphase spread preparation. (nycu.edu.tw)
characterization by metaphase analysis, comparative genomic hybridization, and semi-quantitative PCR. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)

Additional experiments introduce fundamental techniques in yeast genomics, including both performance and interpretation of Synthetic Genetic Array analysis, multiplexed whole genome and barcode sequencing, and comparative genomic hybridization to DNA arrays. (cshlpress.com)
Comparative genomics is introduced using different yeast strains to study natural variation, evolution, and quantitative traits. (cshlpress.com)

To detect CNVs, we used a set of NimbleGen whole-genome comparative genomic hybridization arrays containing 718,256 oligonucleotide probes with a median probe spacing of 500 bp. (biomedcentral.com)
However, by using a prototype plasmid-based microarray that covered 10% of the genome, we found multiple genomic DNA deletions among 30 M. ulcerans clinical isolates of diverse geographic origins. (cdc.gov)
The substantial genomic diversity, along with a prototype microarray that covered a small portion of the genome, suggests that a genome-wide microarray will make available a genetic fingerprinting method with the high resolution required for microepidemiologic studies. (cdc.gov)
We used this method for the differential genomic analysis of M. ulcerans, a human pathogen for which the fully assembled and annotated genome sequence was not available at the time of the study. (cdc.gov)
Array comparative genomic hybridization, with a genome-wide resolution of approximately 1 Mb, has been used to investigate copy number changes in 48 colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines and 37 primary CRCs. (ox.ac.uk)
Genome-screening methodologies, such as conventional cytogenetics and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), have been applied in order to identify these changes. (biomedcentral.com)
Whole-genome screening creates a personal genomic database (personal genome) that can subsequently be used to deliver 'personalised medicine' to individual patients. (nature.com)
To do this, we will perform genome-wide siRNA screens on MITF-high and -low melanoma cells in combination with genomic analysis and suitable functional assays. (lu.se)

Array comparative genomic hybridization in patient one and patient two revealed copy-number variant (CNV) deletions, respectively, ~ 1.45 Mb in size involving FOXF1 and an ~ 0.7 Mb in size involving FOXF1 enhancer and leaving FOXF1 intact. (researchgate.net)
In addition to clinico-pathological high-risk groups, patients with KIT mutations, genomic complexity, genomic gains and deletions at either 1p or 22q showed a significantly shorter disease-free survival. (biomedcentral.com)

The authors painted a series of individual human chromosomes from a DNA library with two different fluorophores in different proportions to test the technique, and also applied CGH to genomic DNA from patients affected with either Downs syndrome or T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia as well as cells of a renal papillary carcinoma cell line. (wikipedia.org)
This was, however, not the case when fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technology and screening of a limited number of chromosomes was done. (medscape.com)

CNVs can be detected using cytogenetic techniques such as fluorescent in situ hybridization, array-based comparative genomic hybridization, and SNP genotyping arrays. (biomedcentral.com)
In both cases, DNA from two samples are differentially labeled with fluorescent dyes and co-hybridized to immobilized genomic capture probes. (biomedcentral.com)
In essence, relative ratios of copy number between two DNA samples are obtained by comparing the two fluorescent signal intensities for each probe under the assumption that intensities reflect the amount of corresponding genomic DNA in the respective sample. (biomedcentral.com)
Fluorescent in situ hybridization, or FISH, is a technique used to identify both acquired and congenital diseases. (psychesystems.com)

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a molecular cytogenetic method for analysing copy number variations (CNVs) relative to ploidy level in the DNA of a test sample compared to a reference sample, without the need for culturing cells. (wikipedia.org)
Comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) is one of several molecular approaches that can be applied to ascertain the origin of extra chromosomal material. (bmj.com)

Using the 270 K Nimblegen comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) array on a set of cv. (usda.gov)

We detected CNVs in rice by array-based comparative genomic hybridization. (biomedcentral.com)
Array-based comparative genomic hybridization characterization of cytogenetically polyclonal myeloid malignancies. (lu.se)
Array comparative genomic hybridization analysis of colorectal cancer cell lines and primary carcinomas. (ox.ac.uk)
Recently, we developed our own array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) with an average resolution of 1.3 Mb. (elsevierpure.com)
Integrative analysis of array-comparative genomic hybridisation and matched gene expression profiling data reveals novel genes with prognostic significance in oesophageal adenocarcinoma. (amsterdamumc.org)

Microdeletions are observed in 5-10% of cases and can be divided into four different types (type 1, 2, 3 and atypical) according to the size of the deletion, the genomic location of the breakpoints and the affected gene content. (bvsalud.org)

We show that matrix CGH is also feasible from small tissue samples requiring universal amplification of genomic DNA. (edu.sy)

The samples were divided for analysis according to the type of genomic instability that they exhibit, microsatellite instability (MSI) or chromosomal instability (CIN). (ox.ac.uk)
Furthermore, genomic complexity was the best predictor of disease progression in multivariate analysis. (biomedcentral.com)

Genotype and genomic findings were cross-tabulated and compared with available clinical and follow-up data. (biomedcentral.com)
According to comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) data published in the literature, the simple and complex karyotypes show a correlation between the prognosis and clinical outcome. (biomedcentral.com)

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is now often recommended to identify a greater number of subtle cytogenetic abnormalities in pervasive developmental disorder (PDD). (medscape.com)

Different variants of FISH can be used to retrieve information on genomes from (almost) base pair to whole genomic level, as besides only second and third generation sequencing approaches can do. (frontiersin.org)

Genomic profiling reveals high frequency of DNA repair genetic aberrations in gallbladder cancer. (cdc.gov)

CGH = comparative genomic hybridization to determine copy number differences. (columbia.edu)
We identified the differences in the genomic alteration patterns of the two groups. (elsevierpure.com)

Comparative Genomic Hybridization, or CGH, is a useful cytogenetic diagnostic tool when a diagnosis is unknown. (psychesystems.com)

Now in its second edition, Applying Genomic and Proteomic Microarray Technology in Drug Discovery highlights, describes, and evaluates current scientific research using microarray technology in genomic and proteomic applications. (routledge.com)

It is one of the most important food crops in the world, and a model plant for genomic studies of monocots. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy34

Organisms2

Diseases75

Chemicals and Drugs18

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment46

Psychiatry and Psychology4

Phenomena and Processes115

Disciplines and Occupations4

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science10

Named Groups1

Health Care6

ACGH9

High-Resolution Comparative Genomic Hybri2

Chromosome11

Imbalances5

Fluorescence7

Microarray-based comparative4

Cytogenetic Studies1

Tumor4

Alterations3

Metaphase2

Genomics2

Genome8

Deletions2

Chromosomes2

Fluorescent4

Molecular2

NimbleGen1

Array5

Deletion1

Amplification1

Analysis2

Clinical2

Developmental1

FISH1

Aberrations1

Differences2

Diagnostic1

Scientific1

Studies1