Repeated acquisitions and extinctions in classical conditioning of the rabbit nictitating membrane response. (1/9)
The rabbit nictitating membrane (NM) response underwent successive stages of acquisition and extinction training in both delay (Experiment 1) and trace (Experiment 2) classical conditioning. In both cases, successive acquisitions became progressively faster, although the largest, most reliable acceleration occurred between the first and second acquisition. Successive extinctions were similar in rate. The results challenge contextual control theories of extinction but are consistent with attentional and layered-network models. The results are discussed with respect to their implications for the interaction between cerebellar and forebrain pathways for eyeblink conditioning. (+info)Early boost and slow consolidation in motor skill learning. (2/9)
Motorskill learning is a dynamic process that continues covertly after training has ended and eventually leads to delayed increments in performance. Current theories suggest that this off-line improvement takes time and appears only after several hours. Here we show an early transient and short-lived boost in performance, emerging as early as 5-30 min after training but no longer observed 4 h later. This early boost is predictive of the performance achieved 48 h later, suggesting its functional relevance for memory processes. (+info)Genetic influences on hippocampal structure and function in recombinant inbred mice. (3/9)
(+info)Associative structure of fear memory after basolateral amygdala lesions in rats. (4/9)
(+info)Feasibility of a 6-month exercise and recreation program to improve executive functioning and memory in individuals with chronic stroke. (5/9)
(+info)Neuropsychological functioning in children with Tourette syndrome with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. (6/9)
(+info)Evidence inhibition responds reactively to the salience of distracting information during focused attention. (7/9)
(+info)Do older professional musicians have cognitive advantages? (8/9)
(+info)Reactive inhibition, in the context of physiology and neuroscience, refers to the temporary decrease in ability to perform an action following its repeated or prolonged execution, often observed as a decline in muscle force or reaction time, which is thought to be a protective mechanism to prevent tissue damage from overuse or fatigue.
Reactive inhibition is a concept in physiology, particularly in the context of muscle contraction and exercise. It refers to the decrease in the ability of a muscle to continue contracting after it has been repeatedly or maximally activated. This phenomenon was first described by physiologist Charles Scott Sherrington.
Reactive inhibition is thought to be a safety mechanism that prevents muscle damage and fatigue. When a muscle contracts repetitively or at high intensity, it generates waste products such as lactic acid and hydrogen ions. These substances can accumulate in the muscle tissue and interfere with its ability to function properly. Reactive inhibition helps to prevent this by reducing the muscle's activation level, which allows it to recover and clear out the waste products.
Reactive inhibition is distinct from other forms of inhibition that may occur in the nervous system, such as reciprocal inhibition, which refers to the suppression of antagonistic muscles during movement. Reactive inhibition specifically refers to the decrease in muscle activation that occurs after a muscle has been maximally or repeatedly activated.
Reactive inhibition - Wikipedia
The last formula is used in inhibition theory. Reactive inhibition is distinct from proactive inhibition. Reactive inhibition ... These results suggest an association between dopamine levels and reactive inhibition. Reactive inhibition appears to be related ... for reactive inhibition had effected the individual over time. They concluded that reactive inhibition may affect ones rate of ... when reactive inhibition is not present one may see true measures of learning. Reactive inhibition within experimental settings ...
Inhibition of p38 MAPK sensitizes tumour cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis mediated by reactive oxygen species and JNK | IRB...
Temporal dynamics of proactive and reactive motor inhibition<...
Proactive motor inhibition refers to endogenous preparatory mechanisms facilitating action inhibition, whereas reactive motor ... N2 - Proactive motor inhibition refers to endogenous preparatory mechanisms facilitating action inhibition, whereas reactive ... AB - Proactive motor inhibition refers to endogenous preparatory mechanisms facilitating action inhibition, whereas reactive ... title = "Temporal dynamics of proactive and reactive motor inhibition",. abstract = "Proactive motor inhibition refers to ...
Loop | Publication Impact | Temporal Dynamics of Proactive and Reactive Motor Inhibition
5-lipoxygenase mediates docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide and N-arachidonoyl-L-alanine-induced reactive oxygen species production...
Interestingly, ROS production as a result of DHEA and NALA treatment was decreased by inhibition of 5-LO. From these findings, ... Instead, we observed an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and a decrease of phosphorylated Akt as a result ... Antioxidants efficiently reversed the inhibition of cell proliferation and the decrease of phosphorylated Akt induced by DHEA ... and NALA; inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), which is expected to be involved in DHEA- and NALA-degradation pathway, also ...
Neuronal hyperexcitability in Alzheimer's disease: what are the drivers behind this aberrant phenotype? | Translational...
Reactive astrocytes also increase neuronal excitability by reducing synaptic inhibition. H Reduced firing frequency and the ... Inhibition of IL-1β signaling normalizes NMDA-dependent neurotransmission and reduces seizure susceptibility in a mouse model ... F During gliosis, reactive microglia fail to properly regulate neuronal excitability. G In AD, astrocytes show increased ... Buffo A, Rolando C, Ceruti S. Astrocytes in the damaged brain: Molecular and cellular insights into their reactive response and ...
Plus it
2015) The effects of impulsivity and proactive inhibition on reactive inhibition and the go process: insights from vocal and ... 2014) Common and unique neural networks for proactive and reactive response inhibition revealed by independent component ... 2015) Proactive and reactive response inhibition across the lifespan. PLoS One, 10. ... highlighting a role of reactive control in response inhibition. There is also behavioral evidence that higher stop signal ...
Near-infrared light and tumor microenvironment dual responsive size-switchable nanocapsules for multimodal tumor theranostics |...
TME to overproduce reactive oxygen species for enhanced synergistic therapy in tumors. In vivo experiments demonstrate that ... Perfluorocarbon nanoparticles enhance reactive oxygen levels and tumour growth inhibition in photodynamic therapy. Nat. Commun. ... The resulting nanocapsules, on the one hand, can in situ overproduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) by reacting with endogenous ... Fe/FeO-PPP-FA nanocapsules was demonstrated by tumor volume with significant inhibition and elimination in vivo (Fig. 6c). The ...
Journal of Medical Internet Research - A Novel, Expert-Endorsed, Neurocognitive Digital Assessment Tool for Addictive Disorders...
... response selection and inhibition, reward valuation, action selection, reward learning, expectancy and reward prediction error ... Proactive and reactive response inhibition across the lifespan. PLoS One 2015;10(10):e0140383 [https://journals.plos.org/ ... SST is one of the most commonly used response inhibition tasks [40,41] and was chosen to measure the construct of response ... Response inhibition on the SST has been associated with a range of addictive behaviors, including alcohol misuse, opioid ...
RCSB PDB - 5BZX: Crystal structure of human phosphatase PTEN treated with a bisperoxovanadium complex
The precise implications of PTEN inhibition by reactive oxygen species (e.g. H2 O2 ) and the subsequent structural consequences ... To study the effects of PTEN inhibition, bisperoxidovanadium (bpV) complexes serve as important tools with the potential for ... we elucidate the molecular basis of PTEN inhibition by H2O2 and bpV complexes. We show that both molecules inhibit PTEN via ...
Caffeine Uptake into the Vitreous after Peroral Coffee Consumption | Ophthalmic Research | Karger Publishers
Frontiers | Neuroprotective Effect of Bexarotene in the SOD1G93A Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Bxt also contributed to protect the MN environment by reducing reactive astrogliosis and preserving perisomatic synapsis. ... Reactive nucleolar and Cajal body responses to proteasome inhibition in sensory ganglion neurons. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1842, ... Figure 9. Reactive astrogliosis and synaptic alterations. (A-E) Representative confocal images of anterior horn sections ... Note that the prominent reactive astrogliosis and vacuolar degeneration of MNs (white arrows) in the Tg-Vhc mouse (A,D). Scale ...
PRIME PubMed | Proteasomal inhibition hypersensitizes differentiated neuroblastoma cells to oxidative damage
Proteasomal inhibition hypersensitizes differentiated neuroblastoma cells to oxidative damage. Download Prime PubMed App to ... Exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS) combined with proteasomal inhibition increased aggregates formation. Inclusion body ... Exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS) combined with proteasomal inhibition increased aggregates formation. Inclusion body ... and to proteasomal inhibition by lactacystin. Proteasomal inhibition caused a dose-dependent decrease in viability and induced ...
Reversing Maladaptive Plasticity to Cure Autonomic Dysreflexia after Spinal Cord Injury
Oxygen sensing and signal transduction in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction | European Respiratory Society
The potential role of reactive oxygen species and mitochondria is depicted in figure 4. Minus signs indicate the inhibition or ... Hypoxia induces Kv channel current inhibition by increased NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species. Free Radic Biol Med ... Inhibition of H2S production inhibited hypoxic responses in trout gills, but the specificity of inhibition for HPV was not ... Production of reactive oxygen species by mitochondria: central role of complex III. J Biol Chem 2003; 278: 36027-36031. ...
Inorganics | Free Full-Text | Concise Review of Nickel Human Health Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
Indirect genotoxicants can damage DNA via secondary mechanisms like generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or inhibition ... DNA repair inhibition may also occur via inhibition of DNA ligation and post replication repair. Non-genotoxic modes of action ... Alternatively, formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a potential mechanism for nickel toxicity in all organisms. While ... Gissi, F.; Stauber, J.; Reichelt-Brushett, A.; Harrison, P.L.; Jolley, D.F. Inhibition in fertilisation of coral gametes ...
Index by author - September 01, 2003, 22 (3) | European Respiratory Society
"Xanthine oxidase inhibition reduces reactive nitrogen species production in COPD airways." European Respiratory Journal 22.3 ( ... "Xanthine oxidase inhibition reduces reactive nitrogen species production in COPD airways." European Respiratory Journal 22.3 ( ... "Xanthine oxidase inhibition reduces reactive nitrogen species production in COPD airways." European Respiratory Journal 22.3 ( ... "Xanthine oxidase inhibition reduces reactive nitrogen species production in COPD airways." European Respiratory Journal 22.3 ( ...
Pharmacology of Silymarin | Clinical Drug Investigation
Dehmlow C, Murawski N, De Groot H. Scavenging of reactive oxygen species and inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism by ... Selective inhibition of NF-kB activation by the flavonoid hepatoprotector silymarin in HepG2. Evidence for different activating ... Dehmlow C, Erhard J, De Groot H. Inhibition of kupffer cell functions as an explanation for the hepatoprotective properties of ... De Groot H, Raven U. Tissue injury by reactive oxygen species and the protective effects of flavonoids. Fundam Clin Pharmacol ...
Interdependencies among Selected Pro-Inflammatory Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction, C-Peptide, Anti-Inflammatory Interleukin...
C-peptide prevents hyperglycemia induced endothelial apoptosis through inhibition of reactive oxygen species-mediated ... A study of C-reactive protein and its relationship with CHD and lipid metabolism. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2011;6:125-127 ... Inhibition of CCR2 ameliorates insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis indb/dbmice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28: ... C-reactive protein frequently colocalizes with the terminal complement complex in the intima of early atherosclerotic lesions ...
Christian Grillon - Publications
Prefrontal responses during proactive and reactive inhibition are differentially impacted by stress in anorexia and bulimia ... Effects of alcohol on baseline startle and prepulse inhibition in young men at risk for alcoholism and/or anxiety disorders ... The impact of induced anxiety on response inhibition. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 7: 69. PMID 23471118 DOI: 10.3389/Fnhum. ... Effects of stress and shock anticipation on prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex Psychophysiology. 34: 511-517. PMID ...
Example of Detailed Protocol Practice Standard | Methyl Parathion Expert Panel Report | ATSDR
Persistent reactive airways have occasionally been reported following exposure to OPs independent of cholinesterase inhibition ... Variation in the degree of inhibition required to produce symptoms is related to the rate of inhibition. ... For chronic exposures to methyl parathion, it is likely that a high degree of inhibition would be required to produce symptoms ... There is no clear evidence as to what level of cholinesterase inhibition is necessary to produce symptomatic illness, although ...
Volume 13, Issue 5 | Aging
In vitro P38MAPK inhibition in aged astrocytes decreases reactive astrocytes, inflammation and increases nutritive capacity ... In vitro P38MAPK inhibition in aged astrocytes decreases reactive astrocytes, inflammation and increases nutritive capacity ... MiR-506 exerts antineoplastic effects on osteosarcoma cells via inhibition of the Skp2 oncoprotein. Aging (Albany NY). 2021 Feb ... MiR-506 exerts antineoplastic effects on osteosarcoma cells via inhibition of the Skp2 oncoprotein ...
Multiple faces of succinate beyond metabolism in blood
| Haematologica
... prominent mechanisms mediating these effects seem to relate to mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming and inhibition of reactive ... Inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase dysregulates histone modification in mammalian cells. Mol Cancer. 2009; 8:89. PubMedhttps ... Xiao M, Yang H, Xu W. Inhibition of alpha-KG-dependent histone and DNA demethylases by fumarate and succinate that are ... Some studies show that GPR91 activates both Gαi and Gαq signaling, leading to inhibition of cyclic adenosine monophosphate ...
G-BOMBS: Mighty Fighters Against Breast Cancer | DrFuhrman.com
... water extract inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis through inhibition of reactive oxygen species ... Inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis in human cancer cell lines by an ethyl acetate fraction from shiitake mushrooms ... Inhibition of human colon carcinoma development by lentinan from shiitake mushrooms (Lentinus edodes). J Altern Complement Med ... Quercetin inhibit human SW480 colon cancer growth in association with inhibition of cyclin D1 and survivin expression through ...
ISCHEMIA AND REPERFUSION INJURY IN CRYONICS
... inhibition of reactive peroxynitrite resulting from reperfusion after 30 minutes of warm ischemia doubled recovery of ... Nitric oxide inhibits apoptosis by inhibition of caspase-3 enzyme [JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY; Rossig,L; 274(11):6823-6826 ... Adenosine also reduces adherence of neutrophils to endothelium as well as inhibiting neutrophil production of reactive oxygen ... Inhibition of the inflammatory cytokine IL−1β can significantly reduce stroke infarct volume [JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW & ...
Frontiers | Reaction of Human Monoclonal Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Proteins With Tissue Antigens: Implications for Autoimmune...
Further investigation to identify the specific cross-reactive epitopes will require specific peptide fragment inhibition ... Figure 6 Demonstration of analytical specificity by inhibition study. (A) Graph shows the inhibition of human monoclonal anti- ... resulted in significant inhibition of anti-spike protein antibody binding to cross-reactive tissue antigens in proportion to ... For instance, this inhibition of the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody to NFP by NFP or M2 by M2 antigens was more ...
WHO EMRO | Study of aerobic granulocyte functional activity in the presence of a radiosensitizer (metronidazole) | Volume 15,...
At therapeutic doses of metronidazole (4.98-24.86 μg/mL) significant inhibition of the production of reactive oxygen species ... The degree of inhibition increased with the time of incubation with the drug (maximum inhibition was within about 30 minutes of ... The inhibition of CL signal or the reduction in the absorbance by NBT is due to the scavenger effect of the drug at the ... Table 1 shows the reduction of NBT and the inhibition of the luminol-dependent CL activity of PMN in whole blood as a function ...
Arsine Poisoning: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology
Other mechanisms of hemolysis may include the inhibition of catalase and the formation of reactive oxidative species (ROS), ... While there is disagreement of the reactive species involved and the mechanism of destruction, it is plausible that arsine ... a widely known oxidant named menadione was used in combination with arsenic to increase reactive oxidative species (ROS) ...
Lethal Misconceptions about Skin Cancer: A Revolution in Skin Protection - - Life Extension
Inhibition of ultraviolet-induced formation of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, erythema and skin ... Reactive oxygen-mediated damage to a human DNA replication and repair protein. EMBO Rep. 2007 Nov;8(11):1074-9. ... So-called UVA rays, which make up nearly 90% of the injurious wavelengths,32 produce destructive reactive oxygen species (free ... The antioxidant action of Polypodium leucotomos extract and kojic acid: reactions with reactive oxygen species. Braz J Med Biol ...