Puerto rico. Medical search

An island in the Greater Antilles in the West Indies. Its capital is San Juan. It is a self-governing commonwealth in union with the United States. It was discovered by Columbus in 1493 but no colonization was attempted until 1508. It belonged to Spain until ceded to the United States in 1898. It became a commonwealth with autonomy in internal affairs in 1952. Columbus named the island San Juan for St. John's Day, the Monday he arrived, and the bay Puerto Rico, rich harbor. The island became Puerto Rico officially in 1932. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p987 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p436)

Persons living in the United States of Mexican (MEXICAN AMERICANS), Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or other Spanish culture or origin. The concept does not include Brazilian Americans or Portuguese Americans.

An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue.

Heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive disorders comprising at least four recognized types, all having in common varying degrees of hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes. The two most common are the tyrosinase-positive and tyrosinase-negative types.

A republic in the Greater Antilles in the West Indies. Its capital is Santo Domingo. With Haiti, it forms the island of Hispaniola - the Dominican Republic occupying the eastern two thirds, and Haiti, the western third. It was created in 1844 after a revolt against the rule of President Boyer over the entire island of Hispaniola, itself visited by Columbus in 1492 and settled the next year. Except for a brief period of annexation to Spain (1861-65), it has been independent, though closely associated with the United States. Its name comes from the Spanish Santo Domingo, Holy Sunday, with reference to its discovery on a Sunday. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p338, 506 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p151)

An island in the Greater Antilles in the West Indies, south of Florida. With the adjacent islands it forms the Republic of Cuba. Its capital is Havana. It was discovered by Columbus on his first voyage in 1492 and conquered by Spain in 1511. It has a varied history under Spain, Great Britain, and the United States but has been independent since 1902. The name Cuba is said to be an Indian name of unknown origin but the language that gave the name is extinct, so the etymology is a conjecture. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p302 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p132)

A species of the genus FLAVIVIRUS which causes an acute febrile and sometimes hemorrhagic disease in man. Dengue is mosquito-borne and four serotypes are known.

The term "United States" in a medical context often refers to the country where a patient or study participant resides, and is not a medical term per se, but relevant for epidemiological studies, healthcare policies, and understanding differences in disease prevalence, treatment patterns, and health outcomes across various geographic locations.

Telephone surveys are conducted to monitor prevalence of the major behavioral risks among adults associated with premature MORBIDITY and MORTALITY. The data collected is in regard to actual behaviors, rather than on attitudes or knowledge. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) in 1984.

A plant family of the order Cycadales, class Cycadopsida, division CYCADOPHYTA.

Syndrome characterized by the triad of oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid lipofuscin.

(Disclaimer: This is a playful and fictitious response, as there isn't a medical definition for 'New York City'.)

Member of the genus Trichechus inhabiting the coast and coastal rivers of the southeastern United States as well as the West Indies and the adjacent mainland from Vera Cruz, Mexico to northern South America. (From Scott, Concise Encyclopedia Biology, 1996)

Disorder characterized by a decrease or lack of platelet dense bodies in which the releasable pool of adenine nucleotides and 5HT are normally stored.

The informal or formal organization of a group of people based on a network of personal relationships which is influenced by the size and composition, etc., of the group.

The Christian faith, practice, or system of the Catholic Church, specifically the Roman Catholic, the Christian church that is characterized by a hierarchic structure of bishops and priests in which doctrinal and disciplinary authority are dependent upon apostolic succession, with the pope as head of the episcopal college. (From Webster, 3d ed; American Heritage Dictionary, 2d college ed)

The area that lies between continental North and South America and comprises the Caribbean Sea, the West Indies, and the adjacent mainland regions of southern Mexico, Central America, Colombia, and Venezuela.

Physician advice and individual behaviors about cardiovascular disease risk reduction--seven states and Puerto Rico, 1997. (1/705)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) (e.g., heart disease and stroke) is the leading cause of death in the United States and accounted for 959,227 deaths in 1996. Strategies to reduce the risk for heart disease and stroke include lifestyle changes (e.g., eating fewer high-fat and high-cholesterol foods) and increasing physical activity. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and the American Heart Association (AHA) recommend that, as part of a preventive health examination, all primary-care providers counsel their patients about a healthy diet and regular physical activity. AHA also recommends low-dose aspirin use as a secondary preventive measure among persons with existing CVD. To determine the prevalence of physician counseling about cardiovascular health and changes in individual behaviors, CDC analyzed data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) for seven states and Puerto Rico. This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicate a lower prevalence of counseling and behavior change among persons without than with a history of heart disease or stroke. (+info)

Elevated asthma morbidity in Puerto Rican children: a review of possible risk and prognostic factors. (2/705)

Latino children represent a significant proportion of all US children, and asthma is the most common chronic illness affecting them. Previous research has revealed surprising differences in health among Latino children with asthma of varying countries of family origin. For instance, Puerto Rican children have a higher prevalence of asthma than Mexican American or Cuban American children. In addition, there are important differences in family structure and socioeconomic status among these Latino populations: Cuban Americans have higher levels of education and family income than Mexican-Americans and Puerto Ricans; mainland Puerto Rican children have the highest proportion of households led by a single mother. Our review of past research documents differences in asthma outcomes among Latino children and identifies the possible genetic, environmental, and health care factors associated with these differences. Based on this review, we propose research studies designed to differentiate between mutable and immutable risk and prognostic factors. We also propose that the sociocultural milieus of Latino subgroups of different ethnic and geographic origin are associated with varying patterns of risk factors that in turn lead to different morbidity patterns. Our analysis provides a blue-print for future research, policy development, and the evaluation of multifactorial interventions involving the collaboration of multiple social sectors, such as health care, public health, education, and public and private agencies. (+info)

Age-specific decrease in seroprevalence of schistosomiasis in Puerto Rico. (3/705)

In our previous work, we reported the first systematic, island-wide, serologic survey for schistosomiasis in Puerto Rico in 40 years. In that study, approximately 3,000 serum samples from the 76 municipalities comprising the island of Puerto Rico were tested for the detection of antibodies to S. mansoni microsomal antigens by the Falcon assay screening test-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (FAST-ELISA) and those positive were confirmed by an enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB). The highest EITB positivity was found in 17 municipalities, which comprised 48% of all seropositive samples. An additional finding was that 10% of the 215 EITB-positive samples were from individuals 25 years or younger and were for the most part of residents from the high seroprevalence areas. Thus, for this study we focused on 766 individuals 25 years of age or younger (45.5% males and 54.4% females), two-thirds of which were from 10 municipalities with the highest EITB seropositivity, and one-third from the 10 municipalities with the lowest EITB seropositivity found in our previous study. Of all samples, the results showed an overall FAST-ELISA positivity of 11.6%, with males similar to females (12.6 versus 10.7%, respectively). Confirmation by EITB was only 1.8%, with a males three-fold higher than females (3% versus 0.7%). When seropositivity was measured by age in five-year increments, a clear age-specific decrease in seropositivity was observed. Thus, by FAST-ELISA, 16.7% of the 21-25-year-old age group was positive, decreasing to 14.6%, 9.9%, 7.9%, and 9.3% in the 16-20-, 11-15-, 6-10-, and 1-5-year-old age groups, respectively. Confirmatory EITB showed even more impressive results: 4.7%, 2.6%, 1.2%, 0.7%, and 0% in the same age brackets. With regard to the high prevalence municipalities, only four of 10 (11 of 228 = 4.8%) had confirmatory EITB-positive samples and most were from municipalities of the Rio Grande de Loiza River basin and tributaries. The male to female positivity ratio was 4:1. Of the low prevalence municipalities, only single positive cases (by EITB) were found in three disperse municipalities. These results support the concept that there has been little transmission of S. mansoni in Puerto Rico during the first half of the 1990s and confirms anecdotal comments of local physicians who have seen virtually no new infections during the past three years. This makes the documentation of eradication of schistosomiasis from Puerto Rico feasible, a goal that should be set as being before the 100th anniversary of its discovery on the island by Isaac Gonzalez-Martinez in 1904. (+info)

A deviation bar chart for detecting dengue outbreaks in Puerto Rico. (4/705)

OBJECTIVES: A Centers for Disease Control and Prevention deviation bar chart (Statistical Software for Public Health Surveillance) and laboratory-based surveillance data were evaluated for their utility in detecting dengue outbreaks in Puerto Rico. METHODS: A significant increase in dengue incidence was defined as an excess of suspected cases of more than 2 SDs beyond the mean for all 4-week periods from April through June (the period of lowest seasonal incidence), 1989 through 1993. An outbreak was defined as a cumulative annual rate of reported dengue greater than 3 per 1000 population. RESULTS: Retrospective application of the system to 1994 data showed agreement with previous analyses. In 1995 and 1996, 36.4% and 27.3%, respectively, of municipalities with a significant increase in reports for 2 or more consecutive weeks before the first week of September had an outbreak, compared with 9.0% (in 1995, P = .042) and 6.0% (in 1996, P = .054) of towns without a significant increase. The system showed sensitivity near 40%, specificity near 89%, and accuracy in classifying municipalities near 84%. CONCLUSIONS: This method provides a statistically based, visually striking, specific, and timely signal for dengue control efforts. (+info)

Cost of illness studies for schizophrenia: components, benefits, results, and implications. (5/705)

Although schizophrenia affects only about 1% of the worldwide population, it is costly to patients, their families, community care centers, hospitals, and society. International cost of illness studies show a wide variation, with annual costs ranging from Australia's $139 million US dollars (1975) to the cost in the United States of $65.2 billion US dollars (1991). Since methodology and assumptions vary widely from study to study and country to country, it is a challenge to directly compare the results of these studies. Nevertheless, the published COI studies reveal several consistent trends. Inpatient care may be the largest cost driver for direct costs, suggesting that relapse prevention is key to reducing healthcare costs. Indirect costs resulting from the patient's and caregiver's inability to fully participate in the work force is extensive due to the debilitating nature of the disease and its early onset. Lastly, when prescription drug costs were reported, they represented no more than 3% of direct cost. (+info)

Seroepidemiology of schistosomiasis in Puerto Rico: evidence for vanishing endemicity. (6/705)

The current study summarizes our findings of anti-schistosome egg antibody by the circumoval precipitin test for two different populations in Puerto Rico. One group, exclusively males more than 40 years of age and from all municipalities on the island, was from the Veterans Administration Hospital for the period 1988-1997. The second group resided southeast of San Juan, around the municipality of Caguas and adjacent municipalities east of Caguas, was of both sexes and mostly until 1997 of undetermined ages for the period 1993-1997. Results reveal a yearly decrease in testing requests from the Veterans Administration Hospital from 148 in 1988 and 1989 with 16% positive to three in 1996 through 1998 with none positive. This decrease in testing requests was because of a decrease of suspicion of schistosomiasis in this group. The other patient population from the Caguas region showed a gradual but continuous decrease in seropositive individuals from 21% in 1993 to 12% in 1996, with precipitous decrease to 5% in 1997 and only 1% in 1998. Moreover, there were four patients from which at least two serum samples were obtained one or two years apart and tested. In each instance the more recently obtained sample had lower antibody reactions than the first as reflected in lower percentages of positive egg reactors. The fact that they were treated with praziquantel after the first testing also suggests that the infected population was being eliminated through chemotherapy. These combined results suggest the elimination of infections with Schistosoma mansoni in the traditionally high prevalence regions east of San Juan in the absence of any proactive control efforts in Puerto Rico. Because of the rapid urbanizing of Puerto Rico, the one identifiable control effort is economic development and well being. (+info)

Prevalence and correlates of anergy among drug users in Puerto Rico. (7/705)

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed prevalence and correlates of anergy among a cohort of drug users in communities in the San Juan metropolitan area. METHODS: In all, 719 drug injectors and crack users were recruited in neighbourhoods in the San Juan metropolitan area following a stratified cluster design of 30 copping areas (places where drugs are sold). RESULTS: Slightly more than one-third of the total proportion of participants, 34.2%, were HIV positive and 30.3% anergic. Subjects with a history of incarceration, the HIV positive, and those reporting chronic illness were more likely to be anergic than those subjects without these characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: Most studies addressing drug users' immune system dysfunction are related to HIV infection. Additional studies are needed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of drug users' immune systems. (+info)

Increase of leptospirosis in dengue-negative patients after a hurricane in Puerto Rico in 1996 [correction of 1966]. (8/705)

Leptospirosis has rarely been reported in Puerto Rico, although in the period from 1948 to 1952, 208 cases of leptospirosis and an island-wide seroprevalence of antibody to Leptospira of 14% were documented. In Puerto Rico in October 1996, following rainfall and a period of flooding generated by Hurricane Hortense, serum specimens of 4 patients with suspected dengue fever that were negative for dengue tested positive for Leptospira-specific IgM antibodies in a dipstick assay. Subsequently, we used an island-wide dengue laboratory-based surveillance system to determine the increase in leptospirosis after hurricane-generated floods. All anti-dengue IgM-negative patients (n = 142) with disease onset from August 8 to October 6, 1996 from prehurricane and posthurricane groups were investigated for leptospirosis. Laboratory-confirmed leptospirosis cases were defined as microscopic agglutination test titers > or = 1 :400 to 1 or more serovars, or positive immunohistochemistry in autopsy tissues. Four (6%) of 72 prehurricane and 17 (24%) of 70 posthurricane patients had laboratory-confirmed cases of leptospirosis (relative risk [RR] = 4.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.6-12.4). The mean age of case-patients was 34 years (range = 13-64). Eighteen (86%) of 21 confirmed case-patients were males, including one patient who died (31 years old). Patients were located in 18 (38%) of 48 municipalities that submitted serum samples. Clinical features significantly associated with leptospirosis were eye pain (RR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.3-1.9), joint pain (RR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1-1.6), diarrhea (RR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.2-2.5), and jaundice (RR = 3.3, 95% CI = 1.5-7.2). This study demonstrates the utility of a dengue laboratory-based surveillance system for the detection of an increase of leptospirosis, which most likely would have gone unrecognized. Leptospirosis is treatable with antibacterial agents; knowledge of this diagnosis may significantly reduce morbidity and mortality. (+info)

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Puerto Rico" is not a medical term. It is a territorial possession of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean Sea. It includes the main island of Puerto Rico and various smaller islands. If you have any questions about a medical topic, please provide more details so I can try to help answer your question.

Hispanic Americans, also known as Latino Americans, are individuals in the United States who are of Spanish-speaking origin or whose ancestors came from Spain, Mexico, Cuba, the Caribbean, Central and South America. This group includes various cultures, races, and nationalities. It is important to note that "Hispanic" refers to a cultural and linguistic affiliation rather than a racial category. Therefore, Hispanic Americans can be of any race, including White, Black, Asian, Native American, or mixed races.

Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection that is primarily transmitted by the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus species of mosquitoes. It is caused by one of four closely related dengue viruses (DENV 1, DENV 2, DENV 3, or DENV 4). The infection can cause a wide range of symptoms, ranging from mild fever and headache to severe flu-like illness, which is often characterized by the sudden onset of high fever, severe headache, muscle and joint pain, nausea, vomiting, and skin rash. In some cases, dengue can progress to more severe forms, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome, which can be life-threatening if not treated promptly and appropriately.

Dengue is prevalent in many tropical and subtropical regions around the world, particularly in urban and semi-urban areas with poor sanitation and inadequate mosquito control. There is no specific treatment for dengue, and prevention efforts focus on reducing mosquito populations and avoiding mosquito bites. Vaccines are available in some countries to prevent dengue infection, but they are not widely used due to limitations in their effectiveness and safety.

Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a group of genetic disorders characterized by reduced or complete absence of melanin pigment in the eyes, skin, and hair. Melanin is the pigment responsible for giving color to our skin, hair, and eyes. OCA affects both the eyes (oculo-) and the skin (cutaneous), hence the name oculocutaneous albinism.

There are several types of OCA, each caused by different genetic mutations affecting melanin production. The most common forms include:

1. OCA1: This type is further divided into two subtypes - OCA1A and OCA1B. OCA1A is characterized by complete absence of melanin in the eyes, skin, and hair from birth. Individuals with this condition have white hair, very light skin, and pale blue or gray irises. OCA1B, on the other hand, presents with reduced melanin production, leading to lighter-than-average skin, hair, and eye color at birth. Over time, some melanin may be produced, resulting in milder pigmentation changes compared to OCA1A.
2. OCA2: This form of albinism is caused by mutations in the tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1) gene, which plays a role in melanin production. Individuals with OCA2 typically have light brown or yellowish skin, golden or straw-colored hair, and lighter irises compared to their family members without albinism.
3. OCA3: Also known as Rufous oculocutaneous albinism (ROCA), this type is caused by mutations in the tyrosinase gene (TYR). It primarily affects people of African descent, leading to reddish-brown hair, light brown skin, and normal or near-normal eye color.
4. OCA4: This form of albinism results from mutations in the membrane-associated transporter protein (MATP) gene, which is involved in melanin transport within cells. Individuals with OCA4 usually have light brown skin, yellowish or blond hair, and lighter irises compared to their family members without albinism.

Regardless of the type, all individuals with oculocutaneous albinism face similar challenges, including reduced vision due to abnormal eye development (nystagmus, strabismus, and farsightedness) and increased sensitivity to sunlight (photophobia). Proper management, such as wearing UV-protective sunglasses, hats, and sunscreen, can help protect their skin and eyes from damage.

The Dominican Republic is not a medical term or concept. It's the name of a country located in the Caribbean region, which shares the island of Hispaniola with Haiti. The Dominican Republic is known for its beautiful beaches, tropical climate, and diverse culture. If you have any questions about travel medicine or health-related issues related to the Dominican Republic, I would be happy to try to help answer them!

I am not aware of a specific medical definition for "Cuba." Cuba is actually a country, specifically an island nation located in the Caribbean Sea. It is south of Florida and the Bahamas, west of Haiti, and north of Jamaica. The term "Cuba" would not typically be used in a medical context unless it was referring to something or someone that is related to or originates from this country. For example, a "Cuban immigrant" might be mentioned in a medical history, or a patient might have traveled to Cuba for medical treatment. In these cases, the relevant medical information would relate to the individual's personal history or the specific medical care they received, rather than to any inherent qualities of the country itself.

Dengue virus (DENV) is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus that belongs to the genus Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae. It is primarily transmitted to humans through the bites of infected female mosquitoes, mainly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.

The DENV genome contains approximately 11,000 nucleotides and encodes three structural proteins (capsid, pre-membrane/membrane, and envelope) and seven non-structural proteins (NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5). There are four distinct serotypes of DENV (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4), each of which can cause dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral disease.

Infection with one serotype provides lifelong immunity against that particular serotype but only temporary and partial protection against the other three serotypes. Subsequent infections with different serotypes can increase the risk of developing severe dengue, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome, due to antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) and original antigenic sin phenomena.

DENV is a significant public health concern in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, with an estimated 390 million annual infections and approximately 100-400 million clinical cases. Preventive measures include vector control strategies to reduce mosquito populations and the development of effective vaccines against all four serotypes.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "United States" is a geopolitical entity, specifically the name of the country consisting of 50 states, and it is not a medical term or concept. Therefore, I can't provide a medical definition for it. If you have any questions related to health, medicine, or biology, I would be happy to try to help answer those!

The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is not a medical term per se, but it is a public health surveillance system that collects state data on preventive health practices and risk behaviors linked to chronic diseases, injuries, and preventable infectious diseases. It is operated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in collaboration with state health departments.

The BRFSS survey includes a standardized questionnaire that gathers information on various health-related behaviors, such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, physical activity, dietary habits, sexual behavior, and use of preventive services like cancer screenings and vaccinations. The system also collects data on demographic characteristics, including age, sex, race/ethnicity, education level, and income.

The BRFSS survey is conducted via telephone interviews with a representative sample of non-institutionalized adults aged 18 years and older in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories. The data collected through this system are used to monitor trends in health-related behaviors over time, identify populations at high risk for chronic diseases and injuries, develop and evaluate public health interventions, and set priorities for public health action.

I apologize for any confusion, but "Zamiaceae" is not a medical term. It is a taxonomic category in botany, specifically a family of plants that includes cycads, which are seed plants with a long fossil history that date back to the Mesozoic Era. They are often mistaken for palms or ferns due to their tropical appearance. If you have any questions about medical terminology or concepts, I would be happy to help!

Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome (HPS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the triad of albinism, bleeding disorders, and lysosomal storage disease. It is caused by mutations in any one of several genes involved in biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles (LROs), such as melanosomes in melanocytes, platelet dense granules, and lung lamellar bodies.

The albinism in HPS results from abnormal melanosome biogenesis, leading to decreased pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes. The bleeding disorder is due to defective platelet dense granules, which are necessary for normal clotting function. This can result in prolonged bleeding times and easy bruising.

The lysosomal storage disease component of HPS is characterized by the accumulation of ceroid lipofuscin within LROs, leading to progressive damage to affected tissues. The most common form of HPS (HPS-1) also involves pulmonary fibrosis, which can lead to respiratory failure and death in the third or fourth decade of life.

There are currently seven known subtypes of HPS, each caused by mutations in different genes involved in LRO biogenesis. The clinical features and severity of HPS can vary widely between subtypes and even within families with the same genetic mutation.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "New York City" is not a medical term or concept. It's a city located in the state of New York, United States. If you have any questions about medical terminology or concepts, I'd be happy to help with those!

'Trichechus manatus' is the scientific name for the West Indian Manatee, also known as the American Manatee. It is a large, aquatic, herbivorous mammal that lives in warm, shallow waters of the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and Atlantic Ocean along the North American coast. They are known for their slow movement, wrinkled skin, and paddle-like flippers. West Indian Manatees are an endangered species due to habitat loss, boat strikes, and other human activities.

Platelet Storage Pool Deficiency (PSPD) is a group of bleeding disorders characterized by a decrease in the number or function of secretory granules (storage pools) in platelets, which are small blood cells that play a crucial role in clotting. These granules contain various substances such as ADP (adenosine diphosphate), ATP (adenosine triphosphate), calcium ions, and serotonin, which are released during platelet activation to help promote clot formation.

In PSPD, the quantitative or qualitative deficiency of these granules leads to impaired platelet function and increased bleeding tendency. The condition can be inherited or acquired, and it is often classified based on the type of granule affected: dense granules (delta granules) or alpha granules.

Delta granule deficiency, also known as Dense Granule Deficiency (DGD), results in decreased levels of ADP, ATP, and calcium ions, while alpha granule deficiency leads to reduced levels of von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen, and other clotting factors.

Symptoms of PSPD can vary from mild to severe and may include easy bruising, prolonged bleeding after injury or surgery, nosebleeds, and gum bleeding. The diagnosis typically involves platelet function tests, electron microscopy, and genetic testing. Treatment options depend on the severity of the condition and may include desmopressin (DDAVP), platelet transfusions, or other medications to manage bleeding symptoms.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "group structure" is not a commonly used medical term or concept. The term "group structure" may be used in various contexts such as group therapy, support groups, or organizational structures within healthcare settings. However, it does not have a specific medical definition that applies universally.

In the context of group therapy or support groups, "group structure" might refer to the rules, roles, and dynamics that govern how the group functions and interacts. This can include aspects such as:

* Group size
* Frequency and duration of meetings
* Leadership style (e.g., leader-led vs. peer-led)
* Rules for participation and confidentiality
* Roles assumed by individual members
* Communication norms within the group

If you're referring to a different context or need more specific information, please provide additional details so I can give a more accurate response.

Catholicism is a branch of Christianity that recognizes the authority of the Pope and follows the teachings and traditions of the Roman Catholic Church. It is the largest Christian denomination in the world, with over a billion members worldwide. The beliefs and practices of Catholicism include the sacraments, prayer, and various forms of worship, as well as social justice initiatives and charitable works. The Catholic Church has a hierarchical structure, with the Pope at the top, followed by bishops, priests, and deacons. It places a strong emphasis on the teachings of Jesus Christ, the Virgin Mary, and the saints.

The Caribbean Region, also known as the Caribbean Basin or simply the Caribbean, is a geographical area that includes the Caribbean Sea and its surrounding islands and coasts. It is located in the tropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean, southeast of the Gulf of Mexico and North America, east of Central America, and south of the Greater Antilles.

The region consists of more than 7,000 islands, islets, reefs, and cays, which are divided into three main groups: the Greater Antilles, the Lesser Antilles, and the Lucayan Archipelago (which includes the Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands). The Caribbean Region also includes the coasts of several countries in North, Central, and South America that border the Caribbean Sea.

The Caribbean Region is known for its diverse cultures, rich history, and unique biodiversity. It is home to a wide range of ecosystems, including coral reefs, mangroves, seagrass beds, rainforests, and dry forests, which support a variety of plant and animal species, many of which are found nowhere else in the world.

The Caribbean Region is also an important economic and political area, with several countries and territories that have strong ties to each other and to the United States, Canada, and Europe. Tourism, fishing, agriculture, and shipping are major industries in the region, and many of its islands serve as popular destinations for travelers from around the world.

Puerto Rico adopted the name of Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico (literally Associated Free State of Puerto Rico), ... Republished by the Puerto Rico Herald. July 21, 2002. San Juan, Puerto Rico. Retrieved June 21, 2012. "Let Puerto Rico Decide ... Puerto Rico at Curlie Wikimedia Atlas of Puerto Rico Geographic data related to Puerto Rico at OpenStreetMap "Application of ... Carta Autonómica de Puerto Rico, 1897. "USA Seizes Puerto Rico". History of Puerto Rico. solboricua.com. 2000. Archived from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerto_Rico

Puerto Rico, Municipalities of Puerto Rico, Populated coastal places in Puerto Rico, San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo metropolitan area ... "PUERTO RICO: 2020 Census". The United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 25, 2021. Puerto Rico Office of Historian (1949). ... The "partitions" were great expanses of land that divided Puerto Rico. This region today is known as Isabela, Puerto Rico. At ... Comunidades Especiales de Puerto Rico (Special Communities of Puerto Rico) are marginalized communities whose citizens are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camuy,_Puerto_Rico

The U.S. Census Bureau estimated Puerto Ricos population at 3,221,789 on July 1, 2022, a decline of 2.0% from the 2020 Census ... Through interactive state and county maps for the 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, each page provides a ...

https://www.census.gov/library/stories/state-by-state/puerto-rico-population-change-between-census-decade.html

Jesús Hernández Burgos, Puerto Rico Department of Health; Nelson Hernandez, Puerto Rico Institute for Forensic Sciences; San ... 3Puerto Rico Department of Health; 4Office for State, Tribal, Local, and Territorial Support, CDC; 5Puerto Rico Institute for ... This case represents only the third documented rabies death in Puerto Rico during the past century. In Puerto Rico, public ... among the Puerto Rican mongoose population. Because of the public health risk, Puerto Rico provides rabies postexposure ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6552a4.htm

Flag of Puerto Rico. Go to a blackline master (black-and-white printout) of the flag of Puerto Rico.. Puerto Rico: Outline Map ... Puerto Rico Flag Printout. Outline Map Puerto Rico. Flag of Puerto Rico Printout. Outline Map Cuba. World Flags Book. Todays ... Puerto Rico is a Commonwealth associated with the USA. Related Pages:. Puerto Rican Flag Quiz Printout. A quiz on Puerto Ricos ... Puerto Ricos official flag was adopted in 1952 (on the same day that Puerto Rico became a commonweath). The origins of Puerto ...

https://www.enchantedlearning.com/usa/flags/puertorico/flag.shtml

Now Puerto Rico has taken its turn. While Maria weakened slightly before making landfall on September 20 in southeastern Puerto ... Croix, Rips Across Puerto Rico. Accessed September 20, 2017.. *NASA Earth Sciences Disasters Program (2017) Hurricane Maria ... Preliminary reports suggest that the damage in Puerto Rico is widespread and severe. Electricity was out throughout the entire ... 2017, September 20) Hurricane Maria Live Updates: Puerto Rico Loses Power, Officials Say. Accessed September 20, 2017. ...

https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/91004/hurricane-maria-lashes-puerto-rico

The Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico) is a private Roman Catholic ... Puerto Rico: Professional Editions. 2016. p. 83. *^ 70ma. Colación de Grados: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico. ... Museo de Arqueología de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico. *Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico ... Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez. *Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico School of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontifical_Catholic_University_of_Puerto_Rico

University of Puerto Rico-Humacao offers numerous institutional scholarships for students. Awards may be merit-based, academic ... The University of Puerto Rico, Humacao Campus (UPRH or UPR-Humacao) is a public college in Humacao, Puerto Rico. It is part of ... University of Puerto Rico-Humacao College Scholarships Bullet name award deadline Link ... the UPR Humacao campus is a member of the National Collegiate Honors Council and of the Puerto Rico University Association of ...

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Solar energy is abundant in Puerto Rico. A 2009 study by the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez states that with the proper ... With this law, Puerto Rico joins a growing list of U.S. states and cities that are making the jump to 100% clean energy. ... For example, Puerto Ricos one coal-fired power coal plant churns out 400,000 tons of toxic coal ash each year. Despite a 2017 ... With that mix, Puerto Rico could not only fulfill the obligations outlined in the clean energy law, but it could also rebuild ...

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Puerto Rico has been devastated by Hurricane Maria, but President Trumps administration is trying to respond swiftly. ... Puerto Rico officials say it will likely be four to six months before power is fully restored across the U.S. territory of 3.5 ... Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands will qualify for the same programs offered by the federal government toward hurricane ... So was the response to citizens of Puerto Rico quick enough?. Its never quick enough. Not with a storm of that magnitude on an ...

https://www.chicagotribune.com/opinion/editorials/ct-edit-puerto-rico-hurricane-relief-20170925-story.html

On September 7th, Hurricane Irma skirted Puerto Ricos northern coastline as a Category 5 storm, killing at least three people ... bringing winds of 140 MPH and dumping 25 inches of rain on Puerto Rico. It devastated the island. Maria knocked out PREPAs ... When Hurricane Maria crashed into Puerto Rico on September 20th, it found a vulnerable target. The island is facing an extreme ... Most of Puerto Rico today is running on generator power, leading to extremely long lines at temporary gas stations as residents ...

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Things To Do In Puerto Rico Bask in the warmth of Puerto Ricos beaches. Taste the love in their food. Feel the passion in ... There is something for everyone to experience in Puerto Rico. Embrace the call of Puerto Ricos adventure. Live Boricua. ... and more than nearly 300 world-class beaches in Puerto Rico. *Bioluminescent Bays Slide 3 of 3: Puerto Rico boasts three of the ... Puerto Rico Activities Get to know the capital city of San Juan by exploring Old San Juans Spanish colonial streets. Visit a ...

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2024 Puerto Rico Chapter Annual Scientific Meeting Date Thu, 02/29/2024 - 12:00 AM EST. - Sat, 03/02/2024 - 11:59 PM EST. ... Puerto Rico Chapter Meeting Date Thu, 03/02/2023 - 12:00 AM EST. - Sat, 03/04/2023 - 12:00 AM EST. ...

https://www.acponline.org/chapters-regions/puerto-rico

In Post-Maria Puerto Rico, Rehace is tasked with the reconstruction of homes, but most importantly, they help families get ... In the weeks and months following the storm, Puerto Rico experienced shortages of water and food. There was no electricity, no ... On September 20, 2017, Hurricane Maria slammed into the island of Puerto Rico as a Category 5 storm. Officially, the highest ... The United Methodist Church and UMCOR (United Methodist Committee on Relief) partnered with the Methodist Church of Puerto Rico ...

https://www.umc.org/en/content/rebuilding-in-puerto-rico

Study: Puerto Rico should go solar to meet clean energy goal. A U.S. government study aimed at helping Puerto Rico shift to ... Puerto Rico getting funds for power grid 3 years after Maria. WASHINGTON - Puerto Rico is getting much of the money it needs to ... Puerto Rico seeks U.S. waiver as diesel dwindles after storm. Puerto Ricos governor requested that the U.S. government waive a ... Puerto Rico battles COVID-19 surge, imposes new measures. Puerto Rico is imposing new measures to fight a surge in COVID-19 ...

https://www.ksat.com/topic/Puerto_Rico/

The Violence Prevention Information System (Violence Info) collates published scientific information on the main types of interpersonal violence. This includes information on prevalence, consequences, risk factors, and prevention and response strategies. It also describes what countries report about their actions to address violence. This version contains most of the major features, but remains a work in progress with more studies to be added. User feedback is welcome, including suggestions for features and additional studies, provided they meet the inclusion criteria (see methodology section on the About page).

https://apps.who.int/violence-info/country/PR

Puerto Rico (AP) - La junta federal de control que supervisa las finanzas de Puerto Rico entregó el martes al gobernador una ... SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico (AP) - La junta federal de control que supervisa las finanzas de Puerto Rico entregó el martes al ... "Si Puerto Rico se queda sin dinero, es porque no entrará en un proceso amplio de reestructuración de la deuda", dijo. ... Subrayó que Puerto Rico necesita también reducir sus presupuestos en educación y salud, y añadió que podrían realizarse ...

https://www.chicagotribune.com/hoy/ct-hoy-8771578-puerto-rico-junta-propone-privatizacion-ante-crisis-story.html

... was asked by FEMA to support development of Puerto Ricos economic and disaster-recovery plan. ... See all Puerto Rico recovery publications To support the development of the plan, HSOAC worked with the government of Puerto ... Read Puerto Ricos economic and disaster recovery plan. (PDF). Leer el plan económico y de recuperación ante desastres de ... Foundational Analyses for Understanding Recovery in Puerto Rico. * After Hurricane Maria: Predisaster Conditions, Hurricane ...

https://www.rand.org/hsrd/hsoac/projects/puerto-rico-recovery.html

... it is pretty much a fact that Puerto Rico is a colony of the United States, says one observer. ... Puerto Rico Puerto Rico Inches Toward Self-Determination. "At this point, it is pretty much a fact that Puerto Rico is a colony ... Nydia Velázquez (D-N.Y.) and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-N.Y.), both Puerto Rican, are the main backers of the Puerto Rico Self ... Puerto RicoPoliticsColonialismVotingCongress Share on FacebookShare on TwitterShare on RedditShare by emailPrint friendly ...

https://reason.com/2022/12/04/puerto-rico-inches-toward-self-determination/

... just a thumbnail history of Puerto Rico. 1898, what happened, to today, where Puerto Rico stands today. ... Puerto Ricans were declared citizens in 1917, even though the entire Legislature of Puerto Rico opposed the citizenship at that ... Puerto Rican political analyst and radio host. He joins us on the line from Puerto Rico. ... Puerto Rican political analyst and radio host. He joins us on the line from Puerto Rico. ...

https://www.democracynow.org/2007/3/22/remembering_puerto_ricos_ponce_massacre

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Puerto Rico February 28, 2023 4:43 pm Puerto Ricos Only Zoo to Close After Years of Complaints Puerto Rico is closing the U.S ... Puerto Rico December 15, 2022 2:45 pm House Passes Bill Allowing Puerto Rico to Hold Statehood Referendum The U.S. House has ... Puerto Rico November 3, 2022 9:26 am Miss Argentina and Miss Puerto Rico Reveal They Are Secretly Married Miss Argentina 2020, ... Puerto Rico October 3, 2022 3:24 pm Biden Pledges to Rebuild Puerto Rico After Hurricanes Devastate Island President Joe Biden ...

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Puerto Rico Gov. Luis Fortuño says the House GOP is wrongly moving to deprive his territorys people of sufficient health care ... Editors Note: Luis Fortuño, a Republican, is governor of Puerto Rico. Story highlights. Puerto Rico Gov. Luis Fortuño: Some of ... Historically, Puerto Ricos Medicaid program has been chronically underfunded by the federal government. In 2010, Puerto Rico ... Medicaid is not the only U.S. health care program in which Puerto Rico is treated unfairly. If hundreds of thousands of Puerto ...

https://www.cnn.com/2012/05/10/opinion/fortuno-gop-cuts-puerto-rico/index.html

Evaluación específica de salud pública Análisis de la ruta de exposición en el suelo de la isla de Vieques, Puerto Rico ...

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/sites/vieques/groundwater.html

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https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/851291

Weve detected that you are using AdBlock Plus or some other adblocking software which is preventing the page from fully loading.. We dont have any banner, Flash, animation, obnoxious sound, or popup ad. We do not implement these annoying types of ads!. We need money to operate the site, and almost all of it comes from our online advertising.. Please add www.nationmaster.com to your ad blocking whitelist or disable your adblocking software.. ...

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Puerto Rico's current and future political status has consistently been a matter of significant debate. (wikipedia.org)
The major sectors of Puerto Rico's economy are manufacturing (primarily pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and electronics) followed by services (namely tourism and hospitality). (wikipedia.org)
Unlike other indigenous cultures in the New World (Aztec, Maya or Inca) which left behind abundant archeological and physical evidence of their societies, scant artifacts and evidence remain of the Puerto Rico's earliest population. (wikipedia.org)
The U.S. Census Bureau estimated Puerto Rico's population at 3,221,789 on July 1, 2022, a decline of 2.0% from the 2020 Census on April 1, 2020. (census.gov)
Puerto Rico's existing electrical system consists mostly of a network of large centralized power plants in the less populated and less prosperous southern end of the island. (earthjustice.org)
Puerto Rico's governor, Ricardo Rossello, praised President Trump's responsiveness, saying Trump has been in contact with him on a daily basis. (chicagotribune.com)
On September 7th, Hurricane Irma skirted Puerto Rico's northern coastline as a Category 5 storm, killing at least three people and knocking out power for more than 1 million residents. (engadget.com)
Puerto Rico's sole energy provider powers everything from hospitals and food-storage facilities to air-conditioning and communication services . (engadget.com)
While underground lines were mostly unaffected, most of Puerto Rico's power system is aboveground. (engadget.com)
Roughly 70 percent of Puerto Rico's hospitals are not operational, but one facility that is, San Jorge Children's Hospital in San Juan, needs 2,000 gallons of diesel fuel every day to function outside of the power grid. (engadget.com)
Embrace the call of Puerto Rico's adventure. (delta.com)
Bask in the warmth of Puerto Rico's beaches. (delta.com)
Visit museums like Museo de Arte de Ponce and Castillo Serrallés, and see colorful landmarks of colonial and European architecture, including el Parque de Bombas and la Cruceta del Vigía.Puerto Rico's southern region is comprised of 11 towns that offer visitors remote beaches nestled up to the calm waters of the Caribbean and marinas for boating excursions. (delta.com)
Puerto Rico's enchanting east region offers secluded beaches, tropical cays, and a legendary rainforest. (delta.com)
Less than an hour from San Juan is El Yunque National Forest, one of Puerto Rico's greatest natural and cultural treasures. (delta.com)
Catch some waves and laidback vibes in Puerto Rico's capital of surfing and sunsets-the west region. (delta.com)
The Homeland Security Operational Analysis Center (HSOAC) supported development of Puerto Rico's economic and disaster-recovery plan. (rand.org)
To assist Puerto Rico's recovery, the U.S. Congress included appropriations for recovery activities within the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018. (rand.org)
It required the governor of Puerto Rico, in coordination with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and other federal agencies, to report to Congress on Puerto Rico's 12- and 24-month economic and disaster-recovery plans. (rand.org)
Given the scope and scale of recovery planning-as well as the tight deadline for Puerto Rico's recovery plan-HSOAC organized into sector teams that aligned with FEMA's organizational response structure. (rand.org)
With the recess approaching, Grijalva worried that the delay would kill the bill's momentum, leaving Puerto Rico's status unchanged and critical issues affecting the island unresolved. (reason.com)
Officials at all levels of Puerto Rico's government are facing corruption charges amid a massive federal crackdown. (reason.com)
At this point, it is pretty much a fact that Puerto Rico is a colony of the United States," says Joaquin Villanueva, a geography professor at Gustavus Adolphus College and the author of a forthcoming book on Puerto Rico's debt crisis. (reason.com)
Politicians from Puerto Rico's two major political parties, the PNP and the Popular Democratic Party (PPD), have caucused nationally with both Democrats and Republicans. (reason.com)
Yet experts believe a binding vote is possible now, given Puerto Rico's diminishing role in U.S. military strategy. (reason.com)
The day is considered a defining event in Puerto Rico's history of struggle against U.S. domination. (democracynow.org)
The governing board of Puerto Rico's power company says it has approved a plan to privatize electric generation in the U.S. territory after meeting for nearly two hours behind closed doors. (nbcchicago.com)
Historically, Puerto Rico's Medicaid program has been chronically underfunded by the federal government. (cnn.com)
Where previously Washington paid less than 20% of Puerto Rico's Medicaid costs, the federal government is now paying 35% of the cost of our program. (cnn.com)
The proposal does not cut the Medicaid expansion funds for the 50 states, but Puerto Rico's $5.4 billion Medicaid provision has been singled out for elimination. (cnn.com)
Yet Puerto Rico's veterans are excluded. (cnn.com)
Climate Driven Declines in Arthropod Abundance Restructure a Rainforest Food Web" is based on data collected between 1976 and 2013 by the authors and the Luquillo Long Term Ecological Research program at three mid-elevation habitats in Puerto Rico's protected Luquillo rainforest. (eurekalert.org)
Soldiers of Puerto Rico's national guard distribute relief items to people in San Juan, Puerto Rico. (cnbc.com)
Soldiers of Puerto Rico's national guard distribute relief items to people, after the area was hit by Hurricane Maria in San Juan, Puerto Rico September 24, 2017. (cnbc.com)
Just before midnight on Wednesday, Puerto Rico's Governor Ricardo Rosselló announced in a pre-recorded video message that he would resign, effective Friday, August 2nd. (alainet.org)
Hundreds of thousands have been marching and protesting daily, following the July 13th release by Puerto Rico's Center for Investigative Journalism/Centro de Periodismo Investigativo (CPI) of close to 900 pages including shocking text messages between Rosselló, staffers and advisors. (alainet.org)
Given that Puerto Rico's Secretary of State recently resigned, the next in line to replace Governor Rosselló is Wanda Vazquez, the island's secretary of justice. (alainet.org)
Law 74 amends Puerto Rico's Act for the Prevention and Intervention with Domestic Violence, adding additional protections for. (jdsupra.com)
On August 10, 2023, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit affirmed the U.S. District Court for the District of Puerto Rico's decision declaring Law 41-2022 null and void ab initio. (jdsupra.com)
Much more work must be done to meet Puerto Rico's critical humanitarian needs after Hurricane Maria, the US territory's top official said Saturday, while also emphasizing that the federal government is fulfilling his every request -- striking a conciliatory tone minutes after President Donald Trump lambasted a mayor who criticized Washington's response. (abcactionnews.com)
With a population of 194,636, Ponce is Puerto Rico's second largest city (San juan is the first and Mayaguez is the third). (topuertorico.org)
These data summarize vaccine introduction status in Puerto Rico's in the national immunization programme. (who.int)

By the late 19th century, a distinct Puerto Rican identity began to emerge, centered around a fusion of indigenous, African, and European elements. (wikipedia.org)
The terms boricua and borincano are commonly used to identify someone of Puerto Rican heritage, and derive from Borikén and Borinquen respectively. (wikipedia.org)
however, studies by the U.S. Department of Agriculture indicate rabies seropositivity of approximately 40% among the Puerto Rican mongoose population. (cdc.gov)
The previous evening, a Puerto Rican man aged 54 years arrived at the emergency department with fever, difficulty swallowing, hand paresthesia, cough, and chest tightness. (cdc.gov)
The school has been host to famous and respected Puerto Rican law professors, including former Puerto Rico governor Rafael Hernández Colón . (wikipedia.org)
Plantain-inspired dishes of mofongo , a Puerto Rican take on mashed potatoes, or pastelon , similar to lasagna. (delta.com)
It was supposed to be a momentous day for Grijalva, a longtime supporter of Puerto Rican statehood. (reason.com)
Puerto Ricans deserve a formal and accessible legislative hearing on a bill of such importance wherein members of the Puerto Rican community and interested stakeholders have an opportunity to contribute their perspectives," García tweeted after the markup, echoing the demands of some diaspora activists for a longer legislative runway leading to a vote for self-determination. (reason.com)
Experts on Puerto Rican politics believe statehood nevertheless would prevail in a referendum, given the movement's growth during the last three decades. (reason.com)
Puerto Rican political analyst and radio host. (democracynow.org)
Spirit Airlines apologized to a Puerto Rican family after one employee did not allow them to board a flight from Los Angeles to Puerto Rico because their toddler did not have a passport. (nbcchicago.com)
The leaks and accompanying articles by CPI sent shockwaves through the Puerto Rican government and drove Puerto Ricans from all walks of life into the streets, demanding change. (alainet.org)
Enacted three years ago, PROMESA created the Financial Oversight and Management Board, an unelected body with sweeping powers to overrule Puerto Rican democratic control at any level. (alainet.org)
Fifty years ago this week, a chapter of the revolutionary Puerto Rican group, The Young Lords, formed in New York City, to confront the injustices experienced by impoverished, inner city Latinos. (alainet.org)
We constantly dealt with the direct issues confronting the community on a daily basis, whether it was garbage or healthcare or the lack of teaching of Puerto Rican and African-American histories in the schools. (alainet.org)
Can they come up with a political force, a leadership that is really accountable to the Puerto Rican people? (alainet.org)
The Puerto Rican Festival of New Haven will return this Saturday for the first time since the COVID-19 pandemic shut it down for two years. (wshu.org)
The Yale University undergraduate student government wants the school to divest from companies that contribute to climate change and Puerto Rican debt. (wshu.org)
Nearby sits Casa Armstrong-Poventud a magnificent example of the neoclassical architectural heritage of the island, its white-domed building on the west side of the main square houses the Puerto Rican Institute of Culture and the Puerto Rican Tourism Company's regional offices. (topuertorico.org)
The Museum of Puerto Rican Music traces the rich musical history of the island through memorabilia of famous musicians and displays of Indian, Spanish and African musical instruments. (topuertorico.org)
Many important Puerto Rican pieces are included in the collection, some Inca pottery and even Thai pieces. (topuertorico.org)
The museum also offers exhibits by contemporary Puerto Rican artists. (topuertorico.org)
Following a thorough review of environmental, biological, and health data from the Puerto Rican island of Vieques, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) released its final report today. (cdc.gov)

Eventually traders and other maritime visitors came to refer to the entire island as Puerto Rico, while San Juan became the name used for the main trading/shipping port and the capital city. (wikipedia.org)
Historic Old San Juan Slide 1 of 3: Puerto Rico offers a world of possibilities on one Caribbean island. (delta.com)
Less than a two-hour drive from San Juan, Ponce, is a major cosmopolitan hub in the southern region of Puerto Rico. (delta.com)
SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico (AP) - La junta federal de control que supervisa las finanzas de Puerto Rico entregó el martes al gobernador una lista de propuestas para mejorar la economía del territorio estadounidense. (chicagotribune.com)
NSU's Puerto Rico Regional campus, located in the Professional Offices Park in San Juan, offers a multitude of resources. (nova.edu)
A man rides his bicycle through a damaged road in Toa Alta, west of San Juan, Puerto Rico. (cnbc.com)
A man rides his bicycle through a damaged road in Toa Alta, west of San Juan, Puerto Rico, on September 24, 2017 following the passage of Hurricane Maria. (cnbc.com)
People line up to buy gasoline at a gas station after the area was hit by Hurricane Maria, in San Juan, Puerto Rico. (cnbc.com)
Over the last few weeks, as pressure mounted on Rosselló to resign, Juan González noted the significance of this moment: "Puerto Rico has a long history. (alainet.org)
We need to do a lot more in order for us to get out of the emergency," Puerto Rico Gov. Ricardo Rosselló said in San Juan. (abcactionnews.com)
Earlier Saturday, Trump -- who plans to visit the island Tuesday -- used Twitter to criticize San Juan Mayor Carmen Yulín Cruz and the "leadership ability" of some in Puerto Rico who "want everything to be done for them when it should be a community effort. (abcactionnews.com)
Such poor leadership ability by the Mayor of San Juan, and others in Puerto Rico, who are not able to get their workers to help. (abcactionnews.com)

Puerto Ricans have been U.S. citizens since 1917, and can move freely between the island and the mainland. (wikipedia.org)
However, when resident in the unincorporated territory of Puerto Rico, Puerto Ricans are disenfranchised at the national level, do not vote for the president or vice president, and generally do not pay federal income tax. (wikipedia.org)
Almost two years later, Puerto Ricans are still picking up the pieces. (earthjustice.org)
According to a 2016 report , Puerto Ricans were already suffering power outages before Hurricane Maria hit at rates four to five times higher than average U.S. customers. (earthjustice.org)
We share Cicilline's frantic concern for Puerto Ricans devastated by Hurricane Maria. (chicagotribune.com)
This week, the Federal Emergency Management Agency estimated that 42 percent of Puerto Ricans were without access to potable water. (engadget.com)
Gonzalez's bill would offer Puerto Ricans three options: independence, statehood, or free association, which would grant Puerto Rico the ability to conduct its own foreign affairs and fully govern its internal affairs, while still relying on the U.S. for military defense. (reason.com)
If hundreds of thousands of Puerto Ricans have been willing to serve the U.S. military with honor, wearing the U.S. flag proudly on their uniform, then surely our veterans deserve to be protected under Tri-Care Prime, the gold standard of health care for our nation's veterans in the 50 states. (cnn.com)
The following are just some of the harrowing scenes Puerto Ricans now face in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria. (cnbc.com)
Puerto Ricans returning from the US brought Pentecostalism. (oikoumene.org)
Puerto Ricans have long suffered as a result of their island's colonial status, both at home and in the diaspora across the United States. (alainet.org)
Puerto Ricans have once again voted in favor of admission into the United States as the 51st state. (wshu.org)

The Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico ( Pontificia Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico ) is a private Roman Catholic university with its main campus in Ponce, Puerto Rico . (wikipedia.org)
Aside from its main campus in Ponce , specifically on barrio Canas Urbano , on Avenida Las Americas ( PR-163 ), the university has two additional campuses: the Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo in Arecibo and the Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez in Mayagüez. (wikipedia.org)
In Puerto Rico, Wednesday marked the 70th anniversary of the Ponce massacre. (democracynow.org)
We turn now to Puerto Rico, where the 70th anniversary of the Ponce massacre has passed. (democracynow.org)
An inmate who tried to mutilate his genitals at the Pedro Joel Rodriguez Matos maximum security prison in Ponce, Puerto Rico, will receive therapy and psychological treatment until he completes his sentence in August. (nbcchicago.com)
The geographic proximity and large Hispanic population in the state of Florida and Puerto Rico have driven the creation of an academic partnership between Ponce Health Sciences University and Moffitt. (moffitt.org)
Your submission to University of Puerto Rico at Ponce has been sent. (petersons.com)
University of Puerto Rico at Ponce is a 4-year institution located in Ponce, PR, in an urban setting. (petersons.com)

Team Puerto Rico had four pitchers combine to make history vs. Team Israel during pool play of the 2023 World Baseball Classic on Monday. (nbcchicago.com)
On November 13, 2023, Puerto Rico Governor Pedro Pierluisi signed Act No. 129-2023, increasing the duration of maternity leave for government employees. (jdsupra.com)
On July 28, 2023, the Governor of Puerto Rico signed Law No. 74 of 2023 ("Law 74") into law. (jdsupra.com)
Pursuant to the recently enacted Act No. 82 of August 8, 2023, employers in Puerto Rico must consider an informal caregiver's request for a work-schedule change without meeting some of the threshold requirements required by. (jdsupra.com)

The physician interviewees were volunteers from two academic medical centers in Puerto Rico, and the veterinarians who were interviewed were recruited during a major veterinary conference. (cdc.gov)

Universidad de Puerto Rico. (who.int)

In September 2017, Hurricanes Irma and Maria made landfall in Puerto Rico causing widespread destruction and exacerbating challenges in a region already coping with long-term economic issues. (rand.org)
Dr. Brenda Rivera-García is on the ground in Puerto Rico with a team providing humanitarian relief to Puerto Rico after Hurricane Fiona made landfall on Sunday. (wshu.org)
When Category 4 Hurricane Maria made landfall in Puerto Rico, CDC assembled a team of experienced communicators who were flexible, bilingual, and culturally sensitive communicators. (cdc.gov)

While Maria weakened slightly before making landfall on September 20 in southeastern Puerto Rico, the storm's track was a near worst-case scenario. (nasa.gov)

On September 20, 2017, Hurricane Maria slammed into the island of Puerto Rico as a Category 5 storm. (umc.org)
Authorities in Puerto Rico rushed on September 23, 2017 to evacuate people living downriver from a dam said to be in danger of collapsing because of flooding from Hurricane Maria. (cnbc.com)
Karlian Mercado, 7, and her father Carlos Flores stand on what remains of their home September 24, 2017 in Hayales de Coamo, Puerto Rico. (cnbc.com)
People stand among their home that was damaged when Hurricane Maria passed through the area on September 24, 2017 in Progreso Barrio Pulguillas, Puerto Rico. (cnbc.com)

Luis Fortuño, a Republican, is governor of Puerto Rico. (cnn.com)
The governor of Puerto Rico recently signed into law amendments to Act No. 54 of August 15, 1989, "Act for the Prevention and Intervention with Domestic Violence. (jdsupra.com)

Puerto Rico boasts three of the world's five bioluminescent bays, with the brightest in Vieques - commonly known as Mosquito Bay. (delta.com)
La junta sugirió además un aumento en las cuotas a los turistas para servicios como transbordadores a las famosas islas de Vieques y Culebra. (chicagotribune.com)
Popular protest has obliged the US government to stop using the island of Vieques, which is part of Puerto Rico, for military purposes. (oikoumene.org)
Basado en una revisión minuciosa de los datos ambientales, biológicos y de salud de la isla de Vieques, Puerto Rico, la Agencia para Sustancias Tóxicas y el Registro de Enfermedades (ATSDR por sus siglas en inglés) publicó hoy su informe final. (cdc.gov)

A Rhode Island congressman took to the U.S. House floor Wednesday to implore President Donald Trump and Congress to speed up aid to Puerto Rico following last week's disastrous hurricane. (chicagotribune.com)
If temporarily lifting the act would speed up supplies to Puerto Rico, the Trump administration should not waste any more time. (chicagotribune.com)
The fake Trump then reminded Villaseñor's Cruz that Puerto Rico is "an island in the water. (cnn.com)
Michael Che hammers Trump on @nbcsnl over the Puerto Rico response. (cnn.com)

A technician installs a solar energy system at a home in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico, in July 2018. (earthjustice.org)

The United Methodist Church and UMCOR (United Methodist Committee on Relief) partnered with the Methodist Church of Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria to create the Rehace (pronounced Re-ah-se) initiative. (umc.org)
The Methodist Church is the first church in Puerto Rico to join the WCC (2005). (oikoumene.org)

Results of search for 'su:{Puerto Rico. (who.int)

The patient, a man aged 54 years, was a resident of southeastern Puerto Rico. (cdc.gov)
Ruth Santiago, who works as a public interest lawyer in southeastern Puerto Rico, describes how the simplest tasks became very complicated. (earthjustice.org)

Free Associated State of Puerto Rico'), is a Caribbean island and unincorporated territory of the United States with official Commonwealth status. (wikipedia.org)
They want to make Puerto Rico the methane gas hub for the Caribbean. (earthjustice.org)
Hurricane Maria made its way up the Caribbean on September 20th, bringing winds of 140 MPH and dumping 25 inches of rain on Puerto Rico. (engadget.com)
With six distinct regions, Puerto Rico offers a world of possibilities on one Caribbean island. (delta.com)
Home to some of the best beaches on the Island, the west region is the undisputed surfing capital of Puerto Rico - and the Caribbean - and features the best sunsets on the Island. (delta.com)
The cemetery serves over 150,000 veterans in Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, the Caribbean Region, and Central and South America. (va.gov)

Análisis e información documentada de los procesos socio-políticos y económicos de América Latina en Movimiento (1988 - 2022), con destaque de los planteamientos y protagonismo de los movimientos sociales y pueblos originarios en sus luchas por la emancipación. (alainet.org)
Fiona visits puerto rico published September 25, 2022 by NEMØ courtesy of the artist. (cagle.com)

Hurricane Maria blew through Puerto Rico in a matter of hours, but for many, the aftermath was the bigger disaster. (earthjustice.org)
Hurricane Maria exposed the failure of the entire electrical system," says Earthjustice lawyer Laura Arroyo, who was born and raised in Puerto Rico. (earthjustice.org)
Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands will qualify for the same programs offered by the federal government toward hurricane relief efforts for residents of Texas and Florida. (chicagotribune.com)
When Hurricane Maria crashed into Puerto Rico on September 20th, it found a vulnerable target. (engadget.com)
In the mountain town of Utuado, Puerto Rico, residents are struggling to recover after hurricane Maria. (cnbc.com)
Hurricane Maria's catastrophic impact on Puerto Rico has left the island completely crippled and without power as residents struggle to pick up the pieces. (cnbc.com)
This was the worst hurricane to hit Puerto Rico in over 80 years, and it has devastated the entire island. (cnbc.com)
People rest outside a damaged house after the area was hit by Hurricane Maria in Yabucoa, Puerto Rico. (cnbc.com)
A worker uses a backhoe loader to remove damaged electrical installations from a street after the area was hit by Hurricane Maria in Yabucoa, Puerto Rico. (cnbc.com)
An aerial view shows the damage to the Guajataca dam in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria, in Quebradillas, Puerto Rico. (cnbc.com)
Eleven days after Hurricane Maria began to pound Puerto Rico as a Category 4 storm, millions in the US commonwealth remain without regular electricity service, and many have limited access to gas, cash and running water. (abcactionnews.com)

The island's name was changed to Porto Rico by the United States after the Treaty of Paris of 1898. (wikipedia.org)

Because of the public health risk, Puerto Rico provides rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) to any patient who experiences a mongoose bite. (cdc.gov)
On December 1, 2015, the Puerto Rico Department of Health (PRDH) was notified by a local hospital of a suspected human rabies case. (cdc.gov)
Despite a high prevalence of rabies among mongoose populations in Puerto Rico, this is the first rabies-associated death directly related to a mongoose bite in Puerto Rico. (cdc.gov)
This case represents only the third documented rabies death in Puerto Rico during the past century. (cdc.gov)
In Puerto Rico, public health outreach activities should continue to educate members of the community on mongoose-associated rabies and PEP. (cdc.gov)

The Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico was founded in 1948 as Universidad Católica de Santa Maria , [3] [4] but its name was changed to Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico with the graduation of its first class in 1950. (wikipedia.org)
In Post-Maria Puerto Rico, Rehace is tasked with the reconstruction of homes, but most importantly, they help families get through the psychological effects of surviving a devastating natural disaster. (umc.org)
Aerial photo of the floadings in the costal town of Loiza, in the north shore of Puerto RicoHurricane Maria passed through Puerto Rico leaving behind a path of destruction across the national territory. (cnbc.com)

Comunidades Especiales de Puerto Rico (Special Communities of Puerto Rico) are marginalized communities whose citizens are experiencing a certain amount of social exclusion. (wikipedia.org)
So was the response to citizens of Puerto Rico quick enough? (chicagotribune.com)
At a time when Republicans are reaching out to the Hispanic community, why are some in my party treating the U.S. citizens in Puerto Rico differently than the U.S. citizens in the 50 states? (cnn.com)
I believe leadership is about standing for what is right above politics and party, and that is the pledge I have made to the 3.7 million American citizens in Puerto Rico whom I represent. (cnn.com)

One of the main tourist attractions in Puerto Rico located in Camuy, Parque Nacional de las Cavernas del Río Camuy was destroyed, and would remain closed for four years. (wikipedia.org)

The bill would allow Puerto Rico to conduct a binding referendum on the island's status. (reason.com)

Billions of dollars in debt and facing an islandwide humanitarian crisis, Puerto Rico is not equipped to rebuild its power grid on its own. (engadget.com)
The texts surfaced as Puerto Rico struggles through an immense debt crisis and debilitating austerity under the bankruptcy-like process imposed by the federal PROMESA law. (alainet.org)
The United States has suffered 135,000 deaths from COVID-19 and has tens of millions of unemployed and both crises continue now into the fifth month, but nowhere has the economic crisis been greater than in the U.S. colony of Puerto Rico. (cadtm.org)

Subrayó que Puerto Rico necesita también reducir sus presupuestos en educación y salud, y añadió que podrían realizarse recortes y despidos en todas las agencias del gobierno. (chicagotribune.com)
ATLANTA - La salud de las personas que usan el agua del pozo no está a riesgo, dice la Agencia para Sustancias Toxicas y el Registro de Enfermedades (ATSDR por sus siglas en inglés) en su Evaluación de Salud Pública publicada hoy. (cdc.gov)
La ATSDR preparó la Evaluación de Salud Pública para determinar si los niveles de compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COVs) en el pozo podrían causar daño a los residentes de la comunidad. (cdc.gov)
La ATSDR aceptará comentarios del público en la Evaluación de Salud Pública hasta el 16 de junio del 2014. (cdc.gov)
evalúa los posibles efectos adversos a la salud humana debido a la exposición a sustancias peligrosas en el ambiente. (cdc.gov)
ATLANTA- La Agencia para Sustancias Tóxicas y el Registro de Enfermedades (ATSDR por sus siglas en inglés) publicó su Evaluación de Salud Pública del Sistema de Agua Subterránea Hormigas. (cdc.gov)
La regionalizaci'on de los servicios de salud : la experiencia de Puerto Rico / texto en inglés preparado para la Asociaci'on Internacional de Epidemiolog'ia y la Organizaci'on Mundial de la Salud por Guillermo Arbona y Annette B. Ram'irez de Arellano. (who.int)
Cancer en Puerto Rico 1986 / Registro Central del Cancer, Programa Control del Cancer, Departamento de Salud. (who.int)
Registro de hospitales = Register of hospitals / Departamento de Salud de Puerto Rico, Negociado de Censo y Construcción de Hospitales = Department of Health of Puerto Rico, Bureau of Hospital Survey and Construction. (who.int)

In 1898, following the Spanish-American War, Puerto Rico was acquired by the United States. (wikipedia.org)
After the Spanish-American war of 1898, Puerto Rico was ceded to the USA. (oikoumene.org)

Puerto Rico was under Spanish colonial rule from 1493 until the end of the 19th century. (oikoumene.org)

Through interactive state and county maps for the 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, each page provides a snapshot of change from 2010 to 2020 on five topics. (census.gov)

Camuy, popularly known as Romantic City (la ciudad romántica), was founded in 1807 by Petronila Matos, and formerly part of Arecibo is located in the northwestern coastal region of Puerto Rico, less than 5 minutes west of Hatillo municipality, on PR-2 and PR-119. (wikipedia.org)

Beginning in the mid-20th century, the U.S. government, together with the Puerto Rico Industrial Development Company, launched a series of economic projects to develop Puerto Rico into an industrial high-income economy. (wikipedia.org)

The estimate in 2000 was that one third of all Christians in Puerto Rico were Evangelical and Pentecostal/Charismatic. (oikoumene.org)
During 2000-2009, approximately 15-100 cases of suspected leptospirosis were reported to the Puerto Rico Department of Health (PRDH) each year. (cdc.gov)

Debido a la falta de datos anteriores al 2010, la ATSDR estimó exposiciones pasadas para tetracloroetileno (PCE) en el agua del pozo usando los niveles actuales de contaminante recopilados desde el 2010. (cdc.gov)
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) released its final Public Health Assessment (PHA) for the Ground Water Plume site of the Hormigas Sector in Caguas, Puerto Rico. (cdc.gov)

Puerto Rico is closing the U.S. territory's only zoo following years of suspected negligence, a lack of resources and deaths of animals that were highlighted by activists. (nbcchicago.com)
There's going to be a real test now among the leaders and the activists of Puerto Rico. (alainet.org)

The first comprehensive book on the history of Puerto Rico was written by Fray Íñigo Abbad y Lasierra in 1786, nearly three centuries after the first Spaniards landed on the island. (wikipedia.org)
With that mix, Puerto Rico could not only fulfill the obligations outlined in the clean energy law, but it could also rebuild its grid to ensure the island is more resilient to future hurricanes. (earthjustice.org)
Also complicating clean-up on the island is its precarious economy, damaged by overspending and teetering near bankruptcy - and some say due in part to the the Jones Act, which makes it more expensive for Puerto Rico to receive U.S. products. (chicagotribune.com)
Last year, Congress approved the Oversight, Management and Economic Stability Act for Puerto Rico, a bill designed to help lift the island out of its vast debts with stricter federal oversight of spending and revenue. (chicagotribune.com)
Barriers to determining the actual burden of leptospirosis in Puerto Rico include the unavailability of diagnostic testing on the island, no system of veterinary surveillance to detect animal cases, and no environmental surveillance to identify circulating serovars. (cdc.gov)
The Puerto Rico Status Act would allow island residents to vote on statehood or independence. (ksfr.org)

Preliminary reports suggest that the damage in Puerto Rico is widespread and severe. (nasa.gov)

Taino: Boriken, Borinquen), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (Spanish: Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, lit. (wikipedia.org)
The official name of the entity in Spanish is Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico ("Free Associated State of Puerto Rico"), while its official English name is Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. (wikipedia.org)
Plan for hospitals, public health and medical facilities / Commonwealth of Puerto Rico Department of Health, Hospital Survey and Construction Division. (who.int)

At this point, it is pretty much a fact that Puerto Rico is a colony of the United States," says one observer. (reason.com)

as it is not a state, Puerto Rico does not have a vote in Congress, which governs it under the Puerto Rico Federal Relations Act of 1950. (wikipedia.org)
The name was changed back to Puerto Rico in 1931 by a joint resolution in Congress introduced by Félix Córdova Dávila. (wikipedia.org)
However, it is fundamentally wrong to single out Puerto Rico to bear the brunt of cuts that are not shared by the rest of the nation, especially when the territory already does not have parity with the states in health care programs and lacks the votes in Congress to protect our position. (cnn.com)

Rain is aggravating the situation and on Saturday night, authorities began to evacuate several hundred residents who live very close to a stressed dam in northwestern Puerto Rico. (abcactionnews.com)

In 1899, the United States Department of War conducted a census of Puerto Rico finding that the population of Camuy was 10,887. (wikipedia.org)

Two distinct cultures co-exist in Puerto Rico, Hispanic and North American. (oikoumene.org)

The opening sketch wasn't the only part of the premiere that hammered the President regarding Puerto Rico. (cnn.com)
Away from Puerto Rico, the opening sketch also brought on Kate McKinnon as Attorney General Jeff Sessions and commented on Trump's attacks on NFL players who kneel during the National Anthem in protest of social and racial injustice. (cnn.com)

Puerto Rico National Cemetery became a national cemetery on July 12, 1948. (va.gov)

In Puerto Rico, the statehood movement grows organically, despite the [PNP]," says Bloomfield College historian Harry Franqui-Rivera. (reason.com)
THE RECENT ELECTIONS in Puerto Rico produced some startling results: both a surge in the vote for progressive, including pro-independence, forces and a status plebiscite which has been hailed a "mandate" for statehood. (cadtm.org)

The nation's third largest MLS, with over 70,000 agents in Florida and Puerto Rico, Stellar MLS announced Tuesday that it is partnering with Remine and MoxiWorks to launch a new platform for real estate professionals. (housingwire.com)

Brenda Rivera, DVM, Puerto Rico Dept of Health. (cdc.gov)

In January 2010, CDC's Dengue Branch initiated enhanced surveillance in Puerto Rico to determine the rate of dengue deaths through detection of fatal AFI cases at hospitals and pathology laboratories, and through review of death certificates. (cdc.gov)

Also, the UPR Humacao campus is a member of the National Collegiate Honors Council and of the Puerto Rico University Association of Honor Programs. (fastweb.com)
The former Evangelical Council of Puerto Rico became in 2002 the Council of Churches of Puerto Rico. (oikoumene.org)
The Puerto Rico Advisory Council is a group of grateful patients, family members and friends who work together to raise awareness about cancer and Moffitt in Puerto Rico. (moffitt.org)

Puerto Rico officials say it will likely be four to six months before power is fully restored across the U.S. territory of 3.5 million people. (chicagotribune.com)
Highway 10, a major north-south connection through Puerto Rico is completey washed out, leaving people cut off. (cnbc.com)
People rest outside a damaged house in Yabucoa, Puerto Rico. (cnbc.com)
People stand among the debris of their damaged home in Progreso Barrio Pulguillas, Puerto Rico. (cnbc.com)
is to recognize what the important issue is: helping the people of Puerto Rico. (abcactionnews.com)

The raid comes amid ongoing complaints about corruption and misspending at Puerto Rico's debt-ridden public corporations. (foxbusiness.com)

During 1949, the university acquired 118 cuerdas (115 acres) from the Government of Puerto Rico (administered by Autoridad de Tierras ). (wikipedia.org)
On paper, the government and the Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority (PREPA), the government-owned utility company, seem to be responding. (earthjustice.org)
Despite its attractively low tax rate, Puerto Rico has struggled under its current leadership, and its relationship with the federal government has deteriorated. (reason.com)
As a fiscal conservative, I fully support efforts to responsibly reduce the cost and size of government, just as we have done in Puerto Rico by cutting government spending by almost 20% and reducing an inherited budget deficit by 90% in three years. (cnn.com)
The same is happening in Puerto Rico, but we have no delegation, no seat at the table when decisions are made, no votes in the federal government that makes our laws. (cnn.com)

The University of Puerto Rico, Humacao Campus (UPRH or UPR-Humacao) is a public college in Humacao, Puerto Rico. (fastweb.com)
For more information or questions, please contact the campus at (787) 773-6501 or [email protected] . (nova.edu)

In 2010, Puerto Rico and the other territories secured corrective legislation to provide $6.3 billion in Medicaid funding over 10 years, which includes $5.4 billion for Puerto Rico. (cnn.com)

A smaller party, the Puerto Rico Independence Party, backs total independence, although it never enjoys enough support to shape the debate. (reason.com)
The U.S. House has passed a bill that would allow Puerto Rico to hold the first-ever binding referendum on whether to become a state or gain some sort of independence. (nbcchicago.com)

An aerial photo of flooding in the coastal town of Loiza, on the north shore of Puerto Rico. (cnbc.com)

The prominent progressive had just left a July 26 committee meeting on the Puerto Rico Status Act, a legislative compromise negotiated by the territory's nonvoting House member, Rep. Jenniffer González-Colón of the New Progressive Party (PNP). (reason.com)

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Physician advice and individual behaviors about cardiovascular disease risk reduction--seven states and Puerto Rico, 1997. (1/705)

Elevated asthma morbidity in Puerto Rican children: a review of possible risk and prognostic factors. (2/705)

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Cost of illness studies for schizophrenia: components, benefits, results, and implications. (5/705)

Seroepidemiology of schistosomiasis in Puerto Rico: evidence for vanishing endemicity. (6/705)

Prevalence and correlates of anergy among drug users in Puerto Rico. (7/705)

Increase of leptospirosis in dengue-negative patients after a hurricane in Puerto Rico in 1996 [correction of 1966]. (8/705)

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Physician advice and individual behaviors about cardiovascular disease risk reduction--seven states and Puerto Rico, 1997. (1/705)

Elevated asthma morbidity in Puerto Rican children: a review of possible risk and prognostic factors. (2/705)

Age-specific decrease in seroprevalence of schistosomiasis in Puerto Rico. (3/705)

A deviation bar chart for detecting dengue outbreaks in Puerto Rico. (4/705)

Cost of illness studies for schizophrenia: components, benefits, results, and implications. (5/705)

Seroepidemiology of schistosomiasis in Puerto Rico: evidence for vanishing endemicity. (6/705)

Prevalence and correlates of anergy among drug users in Puerto Rico. (7/705)

Increase of leptospirosis in dengue-negative patients after a hurricane in Puerto Rico in 1996 [correction of 1966]. (8/705)

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