Preanesthetic Medication
Anxiety, Separation
Midazolam
Nitrous Oxide
Double-Blind Method
Trinidad and Tobago
Hypnotics and Sedatives
Anesthesia
Halothane
Anesthesia, General
Respiration
Medication Errors
Balanced pre-emptive analgesia: does it work? A double-blind, controlled study in bilaterally symmetrical oral surgery. (1/309)
We studied 32 patients undergoing bilateral symmetrical lower third molar surgery under general anaesthesia to determine if the combined effects of pre-emptive local anaesthetic block using 0.5% bupivacaine, together with i.v. tenoxicam and alfentanil had any benefits over postoperative administration. Patients acted as their own controls and were allocated randomly to have surgery start on one side, the second side always being the pre-emptive side. Difference in pain intensity between the two sides was determined using visual analogue scales completed by each individual at 6 h, and at 1, 3 and 6 days after operation. A long-form McGill pain questionnaire was also used to assess difference in pain intensity between the two sides on the morning after surgery. There was no significant difference in pain intensity at any time after surgery. Our findings indicate that the combined use of pre-emptive analgesia from 0.5% bupivacaine, tenoxicam and alfentanil did not reduce postoperative pain intensity in patients undergoing molar exodontia. (+info)Intranasal midazolam for premedication of children undergoing day-case anaesthesia: comparison of two delivery systems with assessment of intra-observer variability. (2/309)
Midazolam is often used for paediatric premedication. We have compared two methods of administering midazolam intranasally in 44 surgical day-case children allocated randomly to receive midazolam 0.2 mg kg-1 as drops or midazolam 0.1 mg kg-1 from an intranasal spray device. Behaviour was recorded on a four-point scale by the parent, nurse and anaesthetist. Coefficients were obtained representing the change in behaviour score. There was no significant difference in method of administration (coefficient 0.13, P = 0.39). Children were significantly more distressed at the time of premedication and at the time of venous cannulation (coefficients 1.31 and 0.70) than at baseline. There was no significant difference in the assessments between observers. Midazolam by either method was equally effective but acceptability of the premedication was poor in both groups. Intranasal midazolam cannot be recommended as a method for routine premedication of young children. (+info)Comparison of recovery of propofol and methohexital sedation using an infusion pump. (3/309)
Two sedative anesthetic agents administered by an infusion pump were compared during third molar surgery. Forty American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I or II volunteers were randomly allocated to two groups. All subjects received supplemental oxygen via a nasal hood, fentanyl (0.0007 mg/kg intravenous [i.v.] bolus), and midazolam (1 mg/2 min) titrated to effect. Patients then received either 0.3 mg/kg of methohexital or 0.5 mg/kg of propofol via an infusion pump. Upon completion of the bolus, a continuous infusion of 0.05 mg/kg/min methohexital or 0.066 mg/kg/min propofol was administered throughout the procedure. Hemo-dynamic and respiratory parameters and psychomotor performance were compared for the two groups and no significant differences were found. The continuous infusion method maintained a steady level of sedation. Patients receiving propofol had a smoother sedation as judged by the surgeon and anesthetist. (+info)Change in pain threshold by meperidine, naproxen sodium, and acetaminophen as determined by electric pulp testing. (4/309)
The purpose of this study was to compare changes in pain threshold caused by meperidine, naproxen sodium, acetaminophen, and placebo. The change in pain threshold was measured by electric pulp testing. Acetaminophen elevated the pain threshold statistically significantly. Clinically, however, the superiority of acetaminophen is questionable. No elevation of the pain threshold occurred with narcotic drugs or with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: our research shows that the electric pulp tests of patients who have taken these drugs preoperatively will have results similar to those of patients who have taken no drugs. We question the philosophy of administering these drugs for change in pain threshold at the levels used here preoperatively. (+info)Premedication with melatonin: a double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison with midazolam. (5/309)
We have evaluated the perioperative effects of melatonin with those of midazolam in 75 women in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients were given sublingual midazolam 15 mg, melatonin 5 mg or placebo, approximately 100 min before a standard anaesthetic. Sedation, anxiety and orientation were quantified before, and 10, 30, 60 and 90 min after premedication, and 15, 30, 60 and 90 min after admission to the recovery room. Psychomotor performance was evaluated at these times also, using the digit-symbol substitution test (DSST) and the Trieger dot test (TDT). Patients who received premedication with either midazolam or melatonin had a significant decrease in anxiety levels and increase in levels of sedation before operation compared with controls. Midazolam produced the highest scores for sedation at 30 and 60 min after administration and significant psychomotor impairment in the preoperative period compared with melatonin or placebo. After operation, patients who received midazolam or melatonin premedication had increased levels of sedation at 30 min and impairment in performance on the DSST at 15, 30 and 90 min compared with controls. There were no significant differences between the three groups for anxiety levels or TDT performance after operation. Amnesia was notable only in the midazolam group for one preoperative event (entry into the operating room). Patient satisfaction was noted in the midazolam and melatonin groups only. We have demonstrated that melatonin can be used effectively for premedication of adult patients. (+info)Epileptiform electroencephalogram during mask induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane. (6/309)
BACKGROUND: Sevoflurane is suggested as a suitable anesthetic agent for mask induction in adults. The authors recently found that hyperventilation during sevoflurane-nitrous oxide-oxygen mask induction is associated with cardiovascular hyperdynamic response. We tested the hypothesis that the hyperdynamic response can be explained by electroencephalography (EEG) findings. METHODS: Thirty women were randomly allocated to receive sevoflurane-nitrous oxygen-oxygen mask induction using a single-breath method, followed by either spontaneous breathing (n = 15) or controlled hyperventilation (n = 15) for 6 min. EEG was recorded. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at 1-min intervals. RESULTS: Epileptiform EEG activity (spikes or polyspikes) was seen in all patients with controlled hyperventilation, and in seven patients with spontaneous breathing (P < 0.01). Jerking movements were seen in three patients with controlled hyperventilation. In the controlled hyperventilation group, heart rate increased 54% from baseline at 4 min after induction (P < 0.001). Mean arterial pressure increased 17% (P < 0.05), peaking at 3 min. In the spontaneous breathing group, heart rate showed no change, and mean arterial pressure decreased by 14% (P < 0.01) at 6 min. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure differed significantly between the groups from 2 min after beginning of the induction to the end of the trial. An increase in heart rate of more than 30% from baseline always was associated with epileptiform EEG activity. CONCLUSIONS: Sevoflurane mask induction elicits epileptiform EEG patterns. These are associated with an increase in heart rate in patients with controlled hyperventilation and also during spontaneous breathing of sevoflurane. (+info)Evaluation of neuromuscular and cardiovascular effects of two doses of rapacuronium (ORG 9487) versus mivacurium and succinylcholine. (7/309)
BACKGROUND: This study compares the neuromuscular blocking and cardiovascular effects of rapacuronium (ORG 9487), a new aminosteroid nondepolarizing muscle relaxant, to recommended intubating doses of succinylcholine and mivacurium. METHODS: Adult patients were randomized in an open-label fashion to receive 1-5 microg/kg fentanyl before 1.5 mg/kg propofol induction followed by 1.5 or 2.5 mg/kg rapacuronium, 1.0 mg/kg succinylcholine, or 0.25 mg/kg mivacurium (i.e., 0.15 mg/kg followed by 0.1 mg/kg 30 s later). RESULTS: Patient neuromuscular blockade status was monitored by measuring the train-of-four response to a supramaximal stimulus at the ulnar nerve every 12 s. Percentage of the first twitch of the train-of-four (T1) at 60 s was similar in patients receiving 1.5 mg/kg rapacuronium, 2.5 mg/kg rapacuronium, and succinylcholine and was significantly less than in patients in the mivacurium group (26, 16, and 18%, respectively, vs. 48%; P < 0.01). Times to 80% T1 depression were also similar among patients in the 1.5 mg/kg rapacuronium, 2.5 mg/kg rapacuronium, and succinylcholine groups and significantly longer in the mivacurium group (62, 54, and 54 s, respectively, vs. 112 s; P < 0.01). Clinical duration was longer in all groups compared with the succinylcholine group; however, clinical duration in the 1.5 mg/kg rapacuronium group was shorter compared with the mivacurium group (15 vs. 21 min, respectively; P < 0.01). Heart rate changes were mild in the 1.5 mg/kg rapacuronium, succinylcholine, and mivacurium groups. The patients in the 2.5 mg/kg rapacuronium group had significantly higher heart rates compared with patients in the mivacurium group. No differences were found in blood pressure changes among patients in the four groups. CONCLUSIONS: Rapacuronium, 1.5 and 2.5 mg/kg, produced neuromuscular blockade as rapidly as succinylcholine and significantly faster than mivacurium. Although succinylcholine continued to show the shortest duration, 1.5 mg/kg rapacuronium used a rapid onset and a relatively short duration and may be considered an alternative to succinylcholine. (+info)Closed-loop control of propofol anaesthesia. (8/309)
We describe the use of a closed-loop system to control depth of propofol anaesthesia automatically. We used the auditory evoked potential index (AEPindex) as the input signal of this system to validate it as a true measure of depth of anaesthesia. Auditory evoked potentials were acquired and processed in real time to provide the AEPindex. The AEPindex was used in a proportional integral (PI) controller to determine the target blood concentration of propofol required to induce and maintain general anaesthesia automatically. We studied 100 spontaneously breathing patients. The mean AEPindex before induction of anaesthesia was 73.5 (SD 17.6), during surgical anaesthesia 37.8 (4.5) and at recovery of consciousness 89.7 (17.9). Twenty-two patients required assisted ventilation before incision. After incision, ventilation was assisted in four of these 22 patients for more than 5 min. There was no incidence of intraoperative awareness and all patients were prepared to have the same anaesthetic in future. Movement interfering with surgery was minimal. Cardiovascular stability and overall control of anaesthesia were satisfactory. (+info)Preanesthetic medication, also known as premedication, refers to the administration of medications before anesthesia to help prepare the patient for the upcoming procedure. These medications can serve various purposes, such as:
1. Anxiolysis: Reducing anxiety and promoting relaxation in patients before surgery.
2. Amnesia: Causing temporary memory loss to help patients forget the events leading up to the surgery.
3. Analgesia: Providing pain relief to minimize discomfort during and after the procedure.
4. Antisialagogue: Decreasing saliva production to reduce the risk of aspiration during intubation.
5. Bronchodilation: Relaxing bronchial smooth muscles, which can help improve respiratory function in patients with obstructive lung diseases.
6. Antiemetic: Preventing or reducing the likelihood of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
7. Sedation: Inducing a state of calmness and drowsiness to facilitate a smooth induction of anesthesia.
Common preanesthetic medications include benzodiazepines (e.g., midazolam), opioids (e.g., fentanyl), anticholinergics (e.g., glycopyrrolate), and H1-antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine). The choice of preanesthetic medication depends on the patient's medical history, comorbidities, and the type of anesthesia to be administered.
Separation anxiety is a condition in which an individual experiences excessive and disproportionate fear or distress when separated from a person or place that they are attached to. This condition is commonly diagnosed in children, but it can also affect adults. The anxiety experienced during separation may manifest as excessive worrying, crying, clinginess, panic attacks, or physical symptoms such as nausea, headaches, or rapid heartbeat. In order for a diagnosis of separation anxiety disorder to be made, the symptoms must cause significant distress and impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning.
Midazolam is a medication from the class of drugs known as benzodiazepines. It works by enhancing the effect of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which has a calming effect on the brain and nervous system. Midazolam is often used for its sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant properties.
Medically, midazolam is used for various purposes, including:
1. Preoperative medication (sedation before surgery)
2. Procedural sedation (for minor surgical or diagnostic procedures)
3. Treatment of seizures (status epilepticus)
4. Sedation in critically ill patients
5. As an adjunct to anesthesia during surgeries
6. Treatment of alcohol withdrawal symptoms
7. To induce amnesia for certain medical or dental procedures
Midazolam is available in various forms, such as tablets, intravenous (IV) solutions, and intranasal sprays. It has a rapid onset of action and a short duration, making it suitable for brief, intermittent procedures. However, midazolam can cause side effects like drowsiness, confusion, respiratory depression, and memory impairment. Therefore, its use should be carefully monitored by healthcare professionals.
Nitrous oxide, also known as laughing gas, is a colorless and non-flammable gas with a slightly sweet odor and taste. In medicine, it's commonly used for its anesthetic and pain reducing effects. It is often used in dental procedures, surgery, and childbirth to help reduce anxiety and provide mild sedation. Nitrous oxide works by binding to the hemoglobin in red blood cells, which reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, but this effect is usually not significant at the low concentrations used for analgesia and anxiolysis. It's also considered relatively safe when administered by a trained medical professional because it does not cause depression of the respiratory system or cardiovascular function.
Oral administration is a route of giving medications or other substances by mouth. This can be in the form of tablets, capsules, liquids, pastes, or other forms that can be swallowed. Once ingested, the substance is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and enters the bloodstream to reach its intended target site in the body. Oral administration is a common and convenient route of medication delivery, but it may not be appropriate for all substances or in certain situations, such as when rapid onset of action is required or when the patient has difficulty swallowing.
The double-blind method is a study design commonly used in research, including clinical trials, to minimize bias and ensure the objectivity of results. In this approach, both the participants and the researchers are unaware of which group the participants are assigned to, whether it be the experimental group or the control group. This means that neither the participants nor the researchers know who is receiving a particular treatment or placebo, thus reducing the potential for bias in the evaluation of outcomes. The assignment of participants to groups is typically done by a third party not involved in the study, and the codes are only revealed after all data have been collected and analyzed.
Acepromazine is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs called phenothiazine derivatives. It acts as a tranquilizer and is commonly used in veterinary medicine to control anxiety, aggression, and excitable behavior in animals. It also has antiemetic properties and is sometimes used to prevent vomiting. In addition, it can be used as a pre-anesthetic medication to help calm and relax animals before surgery.
Acepromazine works by blocking the action of dopamine, a neurotransmitter in the brain that helps regulate movement, emotion, and cognition. This leads to sedation, muscle relaxation, and reduced anxiety. It is available in various forms, including tablets, injectable solutions, and transdermal gels, and is typically given to dogs, cats, and horses.
As with any medication, acepromazine can have side effects, including drowsiness, low blood pressure, decreased heart rate, and respiratory depression. It should be used with caution in animals with certain medical conditions, such as heart disease or liver disease, and should not be given to animals that are pregnant or lactating. It is important to follow the dosing instructions provided by a veterinarian carefully and to monitor the animal for any signs of adverse reactions.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Trinidad and Tobago" is not a medical term or concept. It is the name of a country located in the southern Caribbean Sea, off the northeastern coast of Venezuela. The country is an archipelago, consisting of two main islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and numerous smaller islands.
If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health-related topics, I'd be happy to help!
Hypnotics and sedatives are classes of medications that have depressant effects on the central nervous system, leading to sedation (calming or inducing sleep), reduction in anxiety, and in some cases, decreased awareness or memory. These agents work by affecting the neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) in the brain, which results in inhibitory effects on neuronal activity.
Hypnotics are primarily used for the treatment of insomnia and other sleep disorders, while sedatives are often prescribed to manage anxiety or to produce a calming effect before medical procedures. Some medications can function as both hypnotics and sedatives, depending on the dosage and specific formulation. Common examples of these medications include benzodiazepines (such as diazepam and lorazepam), non-benzodiazepine hypnotics (such as zolpidem and eszopiclone), barbiturates, and certain antihistamines.
It is essential to use these medications under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as they can have potential side effects, such as drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, and impaired coordination. Additionally, long-term use or high doses may lead to tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation.
Anesthesia is a medical term that refers to the loss of sensation or awareness, usually induced by the administration of various drugs. It is commonly used during surgical procedures to prevent pain and discomfort. There are several types of anesthesia, including:
1. General anesthesia: This type of anesthesia causes a complete loss of consciousness and is typically used for major surgeries.
2. Regional anesthesia: This type of anesthesia numbs a specific area of the body, such as an arm or leg, while the patient remains conscious.
3. Local anesthesia: This type of anesthesia numbs a small area of the body, such as a cut or wound, and is typically used for minor procedures.
Anesthesia can be administered through various routes, including injection, inhalation, or topical application. The choice of anesthesia depends on several factors, including the type and duration of the procedure, the patient's medical history, and their overall health. Anesthesiologists are medical professionals who specialize in administering anesthesia and monitoring patients during surgical procedures to ensure their safety and comfort.
Halothane is a general anesthetic agent, which is a volatile liquid that evaporates easily and can be inhaled. It is used to produce and maintain general anesthesia (a state of unconsciousness) during surgical procedures. Halothane is known for its rapid onset and offset of action, making it useful for both induction and maintenance of anesthesia.
The medical definition of Halothane is:
Halothane (2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane) is a volatile liquid general anesthetic agent with a mild, sweet odor. It is primarily used for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in surgical procedures due to its rapid onset and offset of action. Halothane is administered via inhalation and acts by depressing the central nervous system, leading to a reversible loss of consciousness and analgesia.
It's important to note that Halothane has been associated with rare cases of severe liver injury (hepatotoxicity) and anaphylaxis (a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction). These risks have led to the development and use of alternative general anesthetic agents with better safety profiles.
General anesthesia is a state of controlled unconsciousness, induced by administering various medications, that eliminates awareness, movement, and pain sensation during medical procedures. It involves the use of a combination of intravenous and inhaled drugs to produce a reversible loss of consciousness, allowing patients to undergo surgical or diagnostic interventions safely and comfortably. The depth and duration of anesthesia are carefully monitored and adjusted throughout the procedure by an anesthesiologist or certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA) to ensure patient safety and optimize recovery. General anesthesia is typically used for more extensive surgical procedures, such as open-heart surgery, major orthopedic surgeries, and neurosurgery.
Medical Definition of Respiration:
Respiration, in physiology, is the process by which an organism takes in oxygen and gives out carbon dioxide. It's also known as breathing. This process is essential for most forms of life because it provides the necessary oxygen for cellular respiration, where the cells convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and releases waste products, primarily carbon dioxide.
In humans and other mammals, respiration is a two-stage process:
1. Breathing (or external respiration): This involves the exchange of gases with the environment. Air enters the lungs through the mouth or nose, then passes through the pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi, finally reaching the alveoli where the actual gas exchange occurs. Oxygen from the inhaled air diffuses into the blood, while carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism, diffuses from the blood into the alveoli to be exhaled.
2. Cellular respiration (or internal respiration): This is the process by which cells convert glucose and other nutrients into ATP, water, and carbon dioxide in the presence of oxygen. The carbon dioxide produced during this process then diffuses out of the cells and into the bloodstream to be exhaled during breathing.
In summary, respiration is a vital physiological function that enables organisms to obtain the necessary oxygen for cellular metabolism while eliminating waste products like carbon dioxide.
Medication errors refer to preventable events that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm, while the medication is in the control of the healthcare professional, patient, or consumer. Such events may be related to professional practice, health care products, procedures, and systems, including prescribing; order communication; product labeling, packaging, and nomenclature; compounding; dispensing; distribution; administration; education; monitoring; and use.
Medication errors can occur at any stage of the medication process, including ordering, transcribing, dispensing, administering, and monitoring. They can result from various factors such as poor communication, lack of knowledge, distractions, confusing drug names or labels, and inadequate systems for preventing errors. Medication errors can lead to adverse drug events, which can cause patient harm, including temporary or permanent disability, and even death.
Medication adherence, also known as medication compliance, refers to the degree or extent of conformity to a treatment regimen as prescribed by a healthcare provider. This includes taking medications at the right time, in the correct dosage, and for the designated duration. Poor medication adherence can lead to worsening health conditions, increased hospitalizations, and higher healthcare costs.
Temazepam
Diethyl ether
Surgical stress
Flunitrazepam
Euthanasia in Canada
List of MeSH codes (E04)
Anesthesia provision in the United States
Knee replacement
Chlorpromazine
Hydroxyzine
Acepromazine
Pentobarbital
Anesthesia awareness
Certified anesthesiologist assistant
Treatment of equine lameness
WikiGenes - Preanesthetic Medication
Oral Ketamine Preanesthetic Medication in Children | Anesthesiology | American Society of Anesthesiologists
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Preoxygenation in the elderly: a comparison of the four-maximal-breath and three-minute techniques
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aesth-, esth-, aesthe-, esthe-, aesthesio-, esthesio-, aesthesia-, -esthesia, -aesthetic, -esthetic, -aesthetical, -esthetical,...
Anesthetic6
- A comprehensive analysis of pre- anesthetic evaluation, medication. (rwdstco.com)
- This presentation reviews some of the main points of preanesthetic evaluations in small animals, and discusses how the findings may influence anesthetic plans for the presented animals. (vin.com)
- This medicine is also used as a pre-anesthetic or preoperative medication and as a supplement to surgical anesthesia. (practo.com)
- 2. A reference to the provision of a medical substance to develop a reduction in a patient's consciousness: Dr. Bowes, the anesthesiologist, recommended the use of a preanesthetic drug prior to administering the normal anesthetic for Dick's's major surgery. (wordinfo.info)
- If your dog must undergo surgery to have the hernia repaired, your veterinarian may also recommend preanesthetic tests to ensure your dog is healthy and can tolerate the anesthetic procedure. (pethealthnetwork.com)
- Anesthetic medications commonly induce nausea and vomiting can be dangerous in a sedated patient (vomit can be inhaled/aspirated leading to pneumonia). (vin.com)
Anesthesia6
- Injectable butorphanol is also indicated as a preoperative or preanesthetic medication, as a supplement to balanced anesthesia, and for the relief of pain during labor. (neurotransmitter.net)
- A drug for producing a preliminary and a more comfortable loss of sensations: Sharon's doctor prescribed that she be given a preanesthetic before the full anesthesia agent would be administered in order to reduce her anxiety and apprehension and to make the induction smoother and faster. (wordinfo.info)
- 1. Descriptive of a medication that is given prior to the injection of a drug that will result in a total loss of bodily sensations: The anesthetist gave a preanesthetic drug to Patricia in order to reduce her anxiety and apprehension and to facilitate the induction of a general anesthesia before her operation was to take place. (wordinfo.info)
- Administer post-anesthesia medications or fluids to support patients' cardiovascular systems. (whatcareerisrightforme.com)
- Select and prescribe post-anesthesia medications or treatments to patients. (whatcareerisrightforme.com)
- When used as a preanesthetic to general anesthesia. (agtechinc.com)
Atropine2
- Treatment to reverse anticholinergic effects (e.g., delirium, prolonged somnolence) produced by atropine and/or scopolamine preanesthetic medications. (drugs.com)
- To reverse anticholinergic effects of atropine or scopolamine preanesthetic medications, administer a dose twice that of the anticholinergic drug, on a weight basis. (drugs.com)
Midazolam3
- This study compared the effects of oral combinations of midazolam and ketamine with oral midazolam alone for pediatric preanesthetic medication. (bjan-sba.org)
- A systematic literature search was conducted using Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials comparing oral combinations of midazolam and ketamine with midazolam alone as preanesthetic medication in elective surgical pediatric patients. (bjan-sba.org)
- Midazolam-butorphanol was administered IV as preanesthetic medication to 15 and 87 dogs with and without glaucoma, respectively. (avma.org)
Fluids2
- Often pain medication and intravenous fluids to help with perfusion (blood flow through the body) are given. (friendshiphospital.com)
- They are kept on fluids, pain medications, and anti-nausea medications. (friendshiphospital.com)
Dexmedetomidine1
- Intravenous dexmedetomidine pre-medication reduces the required minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane for smooth tracheal extubation in anesthetized children: a randomized clinical trial. (medscape.com)
Assessment1
- ECG assessment has long been a routine preanesthetic screening test in small animals older than 7 years of age in many high volume veterinary teaching hospitals in North America. (vin.com)
Therapeutic1
- 6. Therapeutic medication for sedation and relief of pain following injury or surgery. (agtechinc.com)
Surgery4
- Exclusion criteria included a history of allergy to drug(s), pregnancy & lactation, menstruation, vomiting or retching within 24 h before the operation, administration of antiemetic or psychoactive medication within 24 h before surgery, active alcohol or drug abuse. (ispub.com)
- Procedure in which patients are induced into an unconscious state through use of various medications so that they do not feel pain during surgery. (lookformedical.com)
- A reference to the recovery period of a patient after having received medication used to reduce or to eliminate pain during such procedures as surgery: After the operation, Linda was wheeled into the recovery room for her postanesthesia . (wordinfo.info)
- In most situations, your veterinarian will recommend surgery to fix the hernia and appropriate medications/treatment, depending on the type of hernia and cause. (pethealthnetwork.com)
Dosage1
- If you have a hard time getting your patients to take their medications in the dosage forms you've prescribed, try one of Wedgewood Pharmacy's unique dosage forms that may help increase compliance. (wedgewoodpharmacy.com)
Pharmacological2
- At present, pre-operative anxiety is managed through either pharmacological (pre-medication) and/or non-pharmacological intervention. (biomedcentral.com)
- Consequently, the dentist is uncertain when prescribing systemic medication because a pharmacological arsenal is available. (bvsalud.org)
Veterinarian1
- Log in to fill, refill or renew the medication prescribed by your veterinarian. (wedgewoodpharmacy.com)
Induce1
- Descriptive of a fake or false medication to induce the temporary loss of awareness: In his studies of psychosomatic illness, Mr. Smith often used pseudaesthetic medications to convince the patients that they were unconscious for periods of time. (wordinfo.info)
Commonly1
- In 2020, it was the 223rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions. (wikipedia.org)
Antibiotics1
- Some will need antibiotics (if infection is present, like aspiration pneumonia or a septic abdomen from a ruptured GI tract), while others will need medications to treat abnormal heart rhythms (usually ventricular tachycardia), and some may need packed red blood cell transfusions. (friendshiphospital.com)
Evaluation1
- Conclusion: It is of fundamental importance that the dentist knows about the medication type to be used in each case and whether systemic therapy is really necessary, through a comprehensive case evaluation. (bvsalud.org)
Drug1
- This drug is often combined with other medications. (neurotransmitter.net)
Order2
- 3. Order under the protocol preanesthetic medication. (flsenate.gov)
- The PRN order also means that either the patient must know or remember to ask for pain medication or the nurse must be able to identify when a patient is in pain. (nysora.com)
Administration1
- Prepared and labeled medications and informed client of administration techniques. (livecareer.com)
Include1
- Please include all prescription and over the counter medications, including flea and tick and heartworm preventatives. (somersetanimalhosp.com)
Review2
- Objective: To conduct a literature review evidencing the clinical indications of systemic medication application in endodontics, to aid the professional in achieving more effective and safer therapeutics. (bvsalud.org)
- Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the literature and discuss the use of systemic medication in Endodontics, aiming to guide the use of these drugs only when really necessary. (bvsalud.org)
Tests1
- Ground tests"[further explanation needed] are necessary prior to required authorization being issued to use the medication in an operational situation, and a 12-hour restriction is imposed on subsequent flight operation. (wikipedia.org)
Generally2
- Temazepam (sold under the brand names Restoril among others) is a medication of the benzodiazepine class which is generally used to treat severe or debilitating insomnia. (wikipedia.org)
- Preanesthetic medication is generally advisable. (bestpentobarbital.com)
Animals2
Ensure1
- Postoperative nursing care and pain management medications will be administered to your puppy to ensure that their recovery is painless and they remain closely monitored until we feel it is safe to send them home. (parkvet.net)
Type1
- Méthodes : Une étude type cas-témoin portant sur les patientes césarisées était réalisée en salle de soins post-interventionnels du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Professeur Zafisaona Gabriel Mahajanga allant de janvier 2019 au décembre 2019. (bvsalud.org)
Medical1
- The questionnaire covers topics such as allergies, medications, and medical history. (boloforms.com)