Tea
Catechin
Camellia sinensis
Plant Extracts
Polymers
Proanthocyanidins
Gallic Acid
Antioxidants
Quercetin
Vitis
Tannins
Chlorogenic Acid
Anticarcinogenic Agents
Anthocyanins
Cacao
Malus
Grape Seed Extract
Biological Availability
Beverages
Ellagic Acid
Rutin
Photinia
Punicaceae
Curcumin
Vaccinium macrocarpon
Caffeic Acids
Hibiscus
Prevention of collagen-induced arthritis in mice by a polyphenolic fraction from green tea. (1/1083)
Identification of common dietary substances capable of affording protection or modulating the onset and severity of arthritis may have important human health implications. An antioxidant-rich polyphenolic fraction isolated from green tea (green tea polyphenols, GTPs) has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic properties in experimental animals. In this study we determined the effect of oral consumption of GTP on collagen-induced arthritis in mice. In three independent experiments mice given GTP in water exhibited significantly reduced incidence of arthritis (33% to 50%) as compared with mice not given GTP in water (84% to 100%). The arthritis index also was significantly lower in GTP-fed animals. Western blot analysis showed a marked reduction in the expression of inflammatory mediators such as cyclooxygenase 2, IFN-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in arthritic joints of GTP-fed mice. Histologic and immunohistochemical analysis of the arthritic joints in GTP-fed mice demonstrated only marginal joint infiltration by IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha-producing cells as opposed to massive cellular infiltration and fully developed pannus in arthritic joints of non-GTP-fed mice. The neutral endopeptidase activity was approximately 7-fold higher in arthritic joints of non-GTP-fed mice in comparison to nonarthritic joints of unimmunized mice whereas it was only 2-fold higher in the arthritic joints of GTP-fed mice. Additionally, total IgG and type II collagen-specific IgG levels were lower in serum and arthritic joints of GTP-fed mice. Taken together our studies suggest that a polyphenolic fraction from green tea that is rich in antioxidants may be useful in the prevention of onset and severity of arthritis. (+info)Suppression of extracellular signals and cell proliferation by the black tea polyphenol, theaflavin-3,3'-digallate. (2/1083)
Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that the major green tea polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), suppressed autophosphorylation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor induced by EGF in human A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effects of black tea polyphenols, including theaflavin (TF-1), a mixture (TF-2) of theaflavin-3-gallate (TF-2a) and theaflavin-3'-gallate (TF-2b), theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (TF-3) and the thearubigin fraction on the autophosphorylation of the EGF and PDGF receptors in A431 cells and mouse NIH3T3 fibroblast cells, respectively. First, we examined the effects of these polyphenols on the proliferation of A431 and NIH3T3 cells. Both EGCG and TF-3 strongly inhibited the proliferation of A431 and NIH3T3 cells more than the other theaflavins did. In cultured cells with pre-treatment of tea polyphenol, TF-3 was stronger than EGCG on the reduction of EGF receptor and PDGF receptor autophosphorylation induced by EGF and PDGF, respectively. Other theaflavins slightly reduced the autophosphorylation of the EGF and PDGF receptors; furthermore, TF-3 could reduce autophosphorylation of the EGF receptor (or PDGF receptor) even with co-treatment with EGF (or PDGF) and TF-3, but EGCG was inactive under these conditions. In addition, TF-3 was stronger than EGCG in blocking EGF binding to its receptor. These results suggest that not only the green tea polyphenol, EGCG, but also the black tea polyphenol, TF-3, have an antiproliferative activity on tumor cells, and the molecular mechanisms of antiproliferation may block the growth factor binding to its receptor and thus suppress mitogenic signal transduction. (+info)Prostate cancer chemoprevention by green tea: in vitro and in vivo inhibition of testosterone-mediated induction of ornithine decarboxylase. (3/1083)
Recently, we have shown that ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a rate-controlling enzyme in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway, is overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCA) and prostatic fluid in humans (R. R. Mohan et al., Clin. Cancer Res., 5: 143-147, 1999). ODC is also characterized as an androgen-responsive gene, and the androgenic stimulation regulates the development and growth of both normal and tumorigenic prostate cells. Thus, chemopreventive approaches aimed toward the modulation of ODC could be effective against PCA. Green tea polyphenols (GTPs) possess strong chemopreventive properties against a variety of animal tumor models and in some human epidemiological studies. At least two epidemiological studies have suggested that people who consume tea regularly may have a decreased risk of PCA. In this study, we investigated the effect of GTPs against testosterone-mediated induction of ODC in human prostate carcinoma cells, LNCaP as an in vitro model, and in Cpb:WU rats and C57BL/6 mice as in vivo models. Treatment of LNCaP cells with testosterone resulted in induction of ODC activity in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of the cells with GTPs resulted in a significant inhibition of testosterone-caused induction of ODC activity in a dose-dependent manner. Similar effects of GTPs were observed in anchorage-independent growth assay of LNCaP cells where pretreatment of the cells with GTP was found to result in dose-dependent inhibition of colony formation. Testosterone treatment of the cells resulted in a significant increase in the level of ODC mRNA, and this increase was almost completely abolished by prior treatment of the cells with GTPs. The administration of testosterone (10 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) to sham-operated and castrated Cpb:WU rats resulted in 2- and 38-fold increases in ODC activity, respectively, in the ventral prostate. Oral feeding of 0.2% GTPs in drinking water for 7 days before testosterone administration resulted in 20 and 54% decreases in testosterone-caused induction of ODC activity in sham-operated and castrated rats, respectively. Similar results were obtained with C57BL/6 mice, where testosterone treatment at similar dosage resulted in a 2-fold increase in ODC activity in the ventral prostate and prior oral feeding with 0.2% GTPs resulted in 40% inhibition in this induction. (+info)Histological analysis and ancient DNA amplification of human bone remains found in caius iulius polybius house in pompeii. (4/1083)
Thirteen skeletons found in the Caius Iulius Polybius house, which has been the object of intensive study since its discovery in Pompeii 250 years ago, have provided an opportunity to study either bone diagenesis by histological investigation or ancient DNA by polymerase chain reaction analysis. DNA analysis was done by amplifying both X- and Y-chromosomes amelogenin loci and Y-specific alphoid repeat locus. The von Willebrand factor (vWF) microsatellite locus on chromosome 12 was also analyzed for personal identification in two individuals showing alleles with 10/11 and 12/12 TCTA repeats, respectively. Technical problems were the scarcity of DNA content from osteocytes, DNA molecule fragmentation, microbial contamination which change bone structure, contaminating human DNA which results from mishandling, and frequent presence of Taq DNA polymerase inhibiting molecules like polyphenols and heavy metals. The results suggest that the remains contain endogenous human DNA that can be amplified and analyzed. The amplifiability of DNA corresponds to the bone preservation and dynamics of the burial conditions subsequent to the 79 A.D. eruption. (+info)Quinol-glutathione conjugate-induced mutation spectra in the supF gene replicated in human AD293 cells and bacterial MBL50 cells. (5/1083)
Hydroquinone is a nephrocarcinogen in rats but generally tests negative in standard mutagenicity assays. However, 2,3,5-tris-(glutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone, a potent nephrotoxic metabolite of hydroquinone, and 2-bromo-bis-(glutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone, another cytotoxic quinol-glutathione (GSH) conjugate, cause extensive single strand breaks in DNA in a manner that is dependent on the formation of reactive oxygen species. We, therefore, investigated whether quinol-GSH conjugates have the potential to behave as genotoxicants. The shuttle vector pSP189, containing the supF gene, was treated with 2,3,5-tris-(glutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone and replicated in both human AD293 cells and Escherichia coli MBL50 cells. The mutation frequency increased 4.6- and 2.6-fold in human AD293 and bacterial MBL50 cells, respectively. Base substitutions were the major type of mutations, and they occurred predominantly at G:C sites in both cell types. A high frequency of deletions (30%), including < 10- and > 10-bp deletions, were observed in AD293-replicated plasmids. The most common types of mutations in AD293 cells were G:C to A:T transitions (33.8%) and G:C to T:A (29.4%) and G:C to C:G (19.1%) transversions. In MBL50 cells, the major mutations were G:C to T:A (33.8%) and G:C to C:G (31.3%) transversions and G:C to A:T transitions (27.5%). The mutation spectra were similar to those reported for *OH-induced mutations, suggesting that *OH generated from polyphenolic-GSH conjugates not only plays a role in cytotoxicity but also provides a basis for their mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. (+info)Dietary supplementation of grape polyphenols to rats ameliorates chronic ethanol-induced changes in hepatic morphology without altering changes in hepatic lipids. (6/1083)
Increase in oxidative stress after chronic ethanol consumption can result in hepatic injury. Because polyphenolic compounds can offer antioxidant protection to the cardiovascular system, this study was designed to investigate whether dietary supplementation of polyphenols from grapes may ameliorate hepatic injury resulting from chronic ethanol consumption. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered the following diets for 2 mo: 1) Lieber-DeCarli (L-D) diet with isocaloric amount of maltose instead of ethanol (Basal), 2) the L-D diet with 50g/L ethanol (EtOH); 3) L-D diet with 50 mg/L of grape polyphenols (GP) and 4) ethanol diet with GP (EtOH + GP). Rats given EtOH or EtOH + GP diets had significantly more hepatic triacylglycerols (P < 0.0001) and lipid peroxidation products (P < 0.01) compared with those given the Basal and GP diets. In addition, ethanol ingestion also decreased significantly (P < 0.01) the proportion of 16:0 and increased 18:0 and 18:1 in hepatic phospholipids, suggesting a perturbation of the de novo fatty acid biosynthesis pathways. However, GP supplementation alone and GP added to the ethanol diet did not alter the lipid changes mediated by ethanol except for the levels of 22:6(n-3) which were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the EtOH + GP group than in the EtOH group. Despite a lack of gross lipid changes, histologic assessment showed significantly (P < 0.05) less hepatic damage in the GP + EtOH group compared with the EtOH group. These results clearly distinguished ethanol-mediated changes in hepatic morphology from the changes in hepatic lipids and further demonstrated the ability of GP to ameliorate hepatic damage resulting from chronic ethanol consumption. (+info)Polyphenol tannic acid inhibits hydroxyl radical formation from Fenton reaction by complexing ferrous ions. (7/1083)
Tannic acid (TA), a plant polyphenol, has been described as having antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic and antioxidant activities. Since it is a potent chelator of iron ions, we decided to examine if the antioxidant activity of TA is related to its ability to chelate iron ions. The degradation of 2-deoxyribose induced by 6 microM Fe(II) plus 100 microM H2O2 was inhibited by TA, with an I50 value of 13 microM. Tannic acid was over three orders of magnitude more efficient in protecting against 2-deoxyribose degradation than classical *OH scavengers. The antioxidant potency of TA was inversely proportional to Fe(II) concentration, demonstrating a competition between H2O2 and AT for reaction with Fe(II). On the other hand, the efficiency of TA was nearly unchanged with increasing concentrations of the *OH detector molecule, 2-deoxyribose. These results indicate that the antioxidant activity of TA is mainly due to iron chelation rather than *OH scavenging. TA also inhibited 2-deoxyribose degradation mediated by Fe(III)-EDTA (iron = 50 microM) plus ascorbate. The protective action of TA was significantly higher with 50 microM EDTA than with 500 microM EDTA, suggesting that TA removes Fe(III) from EDTA and forms a complex with iron that cannot induce *OH formation. We also provided evidence that TA forms a stable complex with Fe(II), since excess ferrozine (14 mM) recovered 95-96% of the Fe(II) from 10 microM TA even after a 30-min exposure to 100-500 microM H2O2. Addition of Fe(III) to samples containing TA caused the formation of Fe(II)n-TA, complexes, as determined by ferrozine assays, indicating that TA is also capable of reducing Fe(III) ions. We propose that when Fe(II) is complexed to TA, it is unable to participate in Fenton reactions and mediate *OH formation. The antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activity of TA, described elsewhere, may be explained (at least in part) by its capacity to prevent Fenton reactions. (+info)Red wine inhibits monocyte chemotactic protein-1 expression and modestly reduces neointimal hyperplasia after balloon injury in cholesterol-Fed rabbits. (8/1083)
BACKGROUND: Wine consumption decreases the risk of myocardial infarction. Intimal hyperplasia contributes to restenosis after angioplasty. Local ethanol delivery inhibits intimal hyperplasia after balloon injury in rabbit iliac and pig coronary arteries. The effects of wine consumption on intimal response and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) expression were studied in cholesterol-fed rabbits. METHODS AND RESULTS: Male rabbits were fed a 2% cholesterol diet together with red wine (12.5% vol, 5 mL/kg body wt per day; n=7), white wine (13.3% vol, 5 mL/kg body wt per day; n=7), or no wine as a control (n=8) for 6 weeks. A balloon injury of the abdominal aorta was performed at the end of the third week. Abdominal aortas were harvested at the end of 6 weeks. Neointimal hyperplasia was measured morphometrically. MCP-1 expression was determined by Northern blot, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. Rabbits fed red wine had significantly less neointimal hyperplasia than did control rabbits (intima/media area ratio 0.59+/-0.05 [red wine group] versus 0.79+/-0.07 [control group], P<0.05). However, rabbits fed white wine showed a trend (but not significant) toward less intimal response compared with control rabbits (intima/media area ratio 0.65+/-0.04 [white wine group] versus 0.79+/-0.07 [control group], P=0.165). Both red wine and white wine significantly reduced MCP-1 mRNA and protein expression in the aorta. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term consumption of red wine and white wine inhibits MCP-1 expression, and in the small number of animals studied, red wine modestly reduces neointimal hyperplasia. Since red wine exhibits higher antioxidant capacity than does white wine, the decreased intimal response might be partly attributed to its antioxidant effects. (+info)Polyphenols are a type of phytochemical, which are naturally occurring compounds found in plant-based foods. They contain multiple phenol units and can be classified into several subgroups, including flavonoids, stilbenes, tannins, and lignans. These compounds have been studied for their potential health benefits due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulating properties. They are found in a wide variety of foods such as fruits, vegetables, tea, wine, chocolate, and cereals.
Phenols, also known as phenolic acids or phenol derivatives, are a class of chemical compounds consisting of a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to an aromatic hydrocarbon ring. In the context of medicine and biology, phenols are often referred to as a type of antioxidant that can be found in various foods and plants.
Phenols have the ability to neutralize free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can cause damage to cells and contribute to the development of chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and neurodegenerative disorders. Some common examples of phenolic compounds include gallic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and ellagic acid, among many others.
Phenols can also have various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and analgesic effects. However, some phenolic compounds can also be toxic or irritating to the body in high concentrations, so their use as therapeutic agents must be carefully monitored and controlled.
Flavonoids are a type of plant compounds with antioxidant properties that are beneficial to health. They are found in various fruits, vegetables, grains, and wine. Flavonoids have been studied for their potential to prevent chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer due to their ability to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress.
There are several subclasses of flavonoids, including:
1. Flavanols: Found in tea, chocolate, grapes, and berries. They have been shown to improve blood flow and lower blood pressure.
2. Flavones: Found in parsley, celery, and citrus fruits. They have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
3. Flavanonols: Found in citrus fruits, onions, and tea. They have been shown to improve blood flow and reduce inflammation.
4. Isoflavones: Found in soybeans and legumes. They have estrogen-like effects and may help prevent hormone-related cancers.
5. Anthocyanidins: Found in berries, grapes, and other fruits. They have antioxidant properties and may help improve vision and memory.
It is important to note that while flavonoids have potential health benefits, they should not be used as a substitute for medical treatment or a healthy lifestyle. It is always best to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Tea" is not a medical term. It generally refers to a hot beverage made by infusing the leaves of the tea plant (Camellia sinensis) in hot water. There are various types of tea including black, green, white, oolong, and herbal teas, but these are not medical terms. If you have any medical concerns or questions, I'd be happy to try to help if I can, but it would be helpful if you could provide more context or clarify what you're asking about.
A catechin is a type of plant phenol and antioxidant found in various foods and beverages, such as tea, cocoa, and certain fruits and vegetables. Chemically, catechins are flavan-3-ols, which are a subclass of flavonoids. They have several potential health benefits, including reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Catechins are known to have anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and antidiabetic properties. They can also help improve oral health by inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria in the mouth. The most well-known catechin is epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which is found in high concentrations in green tea and has been extensively studied for its potential health benefits.
In summary, a catechin is a type of antioxidant compound found in various plant-based foods and beverages that may have several health benefits, including reducing the risk of chronic diseases and improving oral health.
'Wine' is not typically defined in medical terms, but it is an alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of grape juice. It contains ethanol and can have varying levels of other compounds depending on the type of grape used, the region where it was produced, and the method of fermentation.
In a medical context, wine might be referred to in terms of its potential health effects, which can vary. Moderate consumption of wine, particularly red wine, has been associated with certain health benefits, such as improved cardiovascular health. However, heavy or excessive drinking can lead to numerous health problems, including addiction, liver disease, heart disease, and an increased risk of various types of cancer.
It's important to note that while moderate consumption may have some health benefits, the potential risks of alcohol consumption generally outweigh the benefits for many people. Therefore, it's recommended that individuals who do not currently drink alcohol should not start drinking for health benefits. Those who choose to drink should do so in moderation, defined as up to one drink per day for women and up to two drinks per day for men.
Biflavonoids are a type of flavonoid, which are plant-based compounds with antioxidant properties. Biflavonoids are unique because they consist of two flavonoid molecules joined together. They can be found in various plants, including fruits, vegetables, and herbs. Some research suggests that biflavonoids may have potential health benefits, such as reducing inflammation and protecting against oxidative stress. However, more research is needed to confirm these effects and determine the optimal dosages for human consumption.
'Camellia sinensis' is the scientific name for the plant that is used to produce tea. It is an evergreen shrub native to East Asia, particularly China and India, and has been cultivated for thousands of years for its leaves, which are used to make various types of tea, including black, green, oolong, and white teas.
The leaves of 'Camellia sinensis' contain a number of bioactive compounds, including caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine, as well as polyphenols such as flavonoids and catechins, which are believed to have various health benefits. The processing method used on the leaves determines the type of tea produced and its color, flavor, and chemical composition.
A plant extract is a preparation containing chemical constituents that have been extracted from a plant using a solvent. The resulting extract may contain a single compound or a mixture of several compounds, depending on the extraction process and the specific plant material used. These extracts are often used in various industries including pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and food and beverage, due to their potential therapeutic or beneficial properties. The composition of plant extracts can vary widely, and it is important to ensure their quality, safety, and efficacy before use in any application.
In the context of medical definitions, polymers are large molecules composed of repeating subunits called monomers. These long chains of monomers can have various structures and properties, depending on the type of monomer units and how they are linked together. In medicine, polymers are used in a wide range of applications, including drug delivery systems, medical devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Some examples of polymers used in medicine include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and biodegradable polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL).
Proanthocyanidins are a type of polyphenolic compound that are found in various plants, including fruits, vegetables, and bark. They are also known as condensed tannins or oligomeric procyanidins (OPCs). These compounds are characterized by their ability to form complex structures through the linkage of flavan-3-ol units.
Proanthocyanidins have been studied for their potential health benefits, which may include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardiovascular protective effects. They have also been shown to have a positive impact on collagen stability, which may contribute to their potential role in promoting skin and joint health.
Foods that are rich in proanthocyanidins include grapes (and red wine), berries, apples, cocoa, and green tea. These compounds can be difficult for the body to absorb, but supplements containing standardized extracts of proanthocyanidins are also available.
It's important to note that while proanthocyanidins have shown promise in laboratory and animal studies, more research is needed to fully understand their potential health benefits and safety profile in humans. As with any supplement, it's always a good idea to talk to your healthcare provider before starting to take proanthocyanidins.
Gallic acid is an organic compound that is widely found in nature. It's a type of phenolic acid, which means it contains a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to an aromatic ring. Gallic acid is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water and alcohol.
In the medical field, gallic acid is known for its antioxidant properties. It has been shown to neutralize free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can damage cells and contribute to aging and diseases such as cancer and heart disease. Gallic acid also has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal properties.
Gallic acid is found in a variety of plants, including tea leaves, grapes, oak bark, and sumac. It can be extracted from these plants and used in the production of pharmaceuticals, food additives, and cosmetics. In some cases, gallic acid may be used as a marker for the identification and authentication of plant-based materials.
It's important to note that while gallic acid has potential health benefits, it should not be taken as a substitute for medical treatment or advice from a healthcare professional.
Antioxidants are substances that can prevent or slow damage to cells caused by free radicals, which are unstable molecules that the body produces as a reaction to environmental and other pressures. Antioxidants are able to neutralize free radicals by donating an electron to them, thus stabilizing them and preventing them from causing further damage to the cells.
Antioxidants can be found in a variety of foods, including fruits, vegetables, nuts, and grains. Some common antioxidants include vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, and selenium. Antioxidants are also available as dietary supplements.
In addition to their role in protecting cells from damage, antioxidants have been studied for their potential to prevent or treat a number of health conditions, including cancer, heart disease, and age-related macular degeneration. However, more research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits and risks of using antioxidant supplements.
Quercetin is a type of flavonoid antioxidant that is found in plant foods, including leafy greens, tomatoes, berries, and broccoli. It has been studied for its potential health benefits, such as reducing inflammation, protecting against damage to cells, and helping to reduce the risk of heart disease and cancer. Quercetin is also known for its ability to stabilize mast cells and prevent the release of histamine, making it a popular natural remedy for allergies. It is available in supplement form, but it is always recommended to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen.
"Vitis" is a genus name and it refers to a group of flowering plants in the grape family, Vitaceae. This genus includes over 70 species of grapes that are native to the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in North America and Asia. The most commonly cultivated species is "Vitis vinifera," which is the source of most of the world's table and wine grapes.
Therefore, a medical definition of 'Vitis' may not be directly applicable as it is more commonly used in botany and agriculture rather than medicine. However, some compounds derived from Vitis species have been studied for their potential medicinal properties, such as resveratrol found in the skin of red grapes, which has been investigated for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardioprotective effects.
Hydrolyzable tannins are a type of tannin that can be broken down or hydrolyzed by water or weak acids into simpler components. They are polyphenolic compounds that can be found in various plants, including fruits, nuts, bark, and leaves. Hydrolyzable tannins are made up of a central core of glucose or other sugars, which are esterified with phenolic acids such as gallic acid or ellagic acid.
When hydrolyzable tannins come into contact with water or weak acids, they undergo hydrolysis, breaking down the ester bonds that link the phenolic acids to the sugar core. This results in the formation of various phenolic compounds, including gallic acid and ellagic acid, as well as sugars.
Hydrolyzable tannins have a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. They are also known to have potential health benefits, such as reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. However, they can also have negative effects on human health, particularly when consumed in large quantities, as they can interfere with the absorption of nutrients and cause digestive problems.
Tannins, also known as tannic acid or gallotannins, are a type of polyphenolic biomolecule found in plants. They are most commonly known for their ability to bind to proteins and other organic compounds, forming insoluble complexes. This property is what gives tannins their characteristic astringent taste and is also the basis for their use in traditional medicine and industry.
In the context of human health, tannins have been studied for their potential beneficial effects on various physiological processes, such as antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effects, and inhibition of enzymes involved in cancer development. However, excessive consumption of tannins can also have negative health effects, including stomach irritation, nausea, and liver damage.
Tannins are found in a wide variety of plants, including fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts, bark, leaves, and roots. They are particularly abundant in certain types of food and beverages, such as red wine, tea, coffee, chocolate, and some herbs and spices. In the medical field, tannins have been used topically for their astringent properties to treat wounds, burns, and skin irritations. However, it is important to note that the evidence supporting the health benefits of tannins is still limited and more research is needed to fully understand their effects on human health.
Chlorogenic acid is a type of polyphenolic compound that is found in various plants, including coffee, tea, and several fruits and vegetables. It is a ester of cinnamic acid and quinic acid. Chlorogenic acids are known to have antioxidant properties and may also play a role in regulating glucose metabolism and inhibiting the growth of certain types of cancer cells. However, more research is needed to fully understand the potential health benefits and risks associated with chlorogenic acid consumption.
Anticarcinogenic agents are substances that prevent, inhibit or reduce the development of cancer. They can be natural or synthetic compounds that interfere with the process of carcinogenesis at various stages, such as initiation, promotion, and progression. Anticarcinogenic agents may work by preventing DNA damage, promoting DNA repair, reducing inflammation, inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis (programmed cell death), or modulating immune responses.
Examples of anticarcinogenic agents include chemopreventive agents, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and retinoids; phytochemicals found in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based foods; and medications used to treat cancer, such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapies.
It is important to note that while some anticarcinogenic agents have been shown to be effective in preventing or reducing the risk of certain types of cancer, they may also have potential side effects and risks. Therefore, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional before using any anticarcinogenic agent for cancer prevention or treatment purposes.
Stilbenes are a type of chemical compound that consists of a 1,2-diphenylethylene backbone. They are phenolic compounds and can be found in various plants, where they play a role in the defense against pathogens and stress conditions. Some stilbenes have been studied for their potential health benefits, including their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. One well-known example of a stilbene is resveratrol, which is found in the skin of grapes and in red wine.
It's important to note that while some stilbenes have been shown to have potential health benefits in laboratory studies, more research is needed to determine their safety and effectiveness in humans. It's always a good idea to talk to a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen.
Anthocyanins are a type of plant pigment that belong to the flavonoid group. They are responsible for providing colors ranging from red, purple, and blue to black in various fruits, vegetables, flowers, and leaves. Anthocyanins have been studied extensively due to their potential health benefits, which include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. They also play a role in protecting plants from environmental stressors such as UV radiation, pathogens, and extreme temperatures. Chemically, anthocyanins are water-soluble compounds that can form complex structures with other molecules, leading to variations in their color expression depending on pH levels.
The term "cacao" refers to the plant Theobroma cacao, which is native to tropical regions of Central and South America. It is a small evergreen tree that produces large, football-shaped fruits called pods. Each pod contains 20-60 seeds, also known as beans, which are used to make cocoa powder and chocolate.
Cacao beans contain several bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, theobromine, and caffeine, that have been shown to have potential health benefits. However, it is important to note that these benefits are typically associated with moderate consumption of cocoa products, rather than large amounts of chocolate or cacao beans themselves.
In summary, while "cacao" may be used interchangeably with "cocoa" in some contexts, the term technically refers to the plant and its seeds, rather than the processed powder or chocolate that is derived from them.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Malus" is not a medical term. It is a genus name in the plant kingdom, referring to the apple tree. If you have a different term or concept in mind, please provide it so I can give you an accurate definition or explanation.
Grape seed extract is not a medical term, but I can provide you with a general description and uses based on scientific and medical understanding.
Grape seed extract (GSE) is a dietary supplement derived from the ground-up seeds of grapes. It contains several bioactive compounds, including proanthocyanidins, which are potent antioxidants. GSE has been studied for its potential health benefits, such as:
1. Anti-inflammatory effects: GSE may help reduce inflammation by inhibiting the production of certain inflammatory molecules.
2. Cardiovascular health: Some research suggests that GSE could improve cardiovascular health by reducing blood pressure, increasing blood flow, and preventing platelet aggregation.
3. Antioxidant properties: The high antioxidant content in GSE helps protect cells from damage caused by free radicals.
4. Skin health: Topical application of GSE has been shown to improve skin hydration, elasticity, and reduce the appearance of wrinkles.
5. Neuroprotection: Preclinical studies indicate that GSE may have neuroprotective effects, potentially helping protect against age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
However, it is essential to note that while some research shows promising results, more high-quality clinical trials are needed to confirm these potential health benefits and establish appropriate dosages. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen.
Biological availability is a term used in pharmacology and toxicology that refers to the degree and rate at which a drug or other substance is absorbed into the bloodstream and becomes available at the site of action in the body. It is a measure of the amount of the substance that reaches the systemic circulation unchanged, after administration by any route (such as oral, intravenous, etc.).
The biological availability (F) of a drug can be calculated using the area under the curve (AUC) of the plasma concentration-time profile after extravascular and intravenous dosing, according to the following formula:
F = (AUCex/AUCiv) x (Doseiv/Doseex)
where AUCex is the AUC after extravascular dosing, AUCiv is the AUC after intravenous dosing, Doseiv is the intravenous dose, and Doseex is the extravascular dose.
Biological availability is an important consideration in drug development and therapy, as it can affect the drug's efficacy, safety, and dosage regimen. Drugs with low biological availability may require higher doses to achieve the desired therapeutic effect, while drugs with high biological availability may have a more rapid onset of action and require lower doses to avoid toxicity.
Phytotherapy is the use of extracts of natural origin, especially plants or plant parts, for therapeutic purposes. It is also known as herbal medicine and is a traditional practice in many cultures. The active compounds in these plant extracts are believed to have various medicinal properties, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, or sedative effects. Practitioners of phytotherapy may use the whole plant, dried parts, or concentrated extracts to prepare teas, capsules, tinctures, or ointments for therapeutic use. It is important to note that the effectiveness and safety of phytotherapy are not always supported by scientific evidence, and it should be used with caution and preferably under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
A beverage is a drink intended for human consumption. The term is often used to refer to any drink that is not alcoholic or, in other words, non-alcoholic beverages. This includes drinks such as water, juice, tea, coffee, and soda. However, it can also include alcoholic drinks like beer, wine, and spirits.
In a medical context, beverages are often discussed in relation to their impact on health. For example, sugary drinks like soda and energy drinks have been linked to obesity, diabetes, and other health problems. On the other hand, drinks like water and unsweetened tea can help to keep people hydrated and may have other health benefits.
It's important for individuals to be mindful of their beverage choices and to choose options that are healthy and support their overall well-being. This may involve limiting sugary drinks, choosing water or unsweetened tea instead of soda, and avoiding excessive caffeine intake.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "fruit" is not a medical term per se. It is a common term used to describe the part of a plant that develops from the ovary after flowering and contains seeds. However, in a nutritional or dietary context, "fruits" are often referred to as foods that are typically sweet and juicy, and come from plants' flowers. They are rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals, making them an essential part of a healthy diet. But in a strict medical sense, there isn't a specific definition for "fruit."
Ellagic acid is a type of polyphenol, which is a class of organic compounds characterized by the presence of multiple phenol units. It is found in various fruits and vegetables, including raspberries, strawberries, pomegranates, and walnuts. Ellagic acid has been studied for its potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and chemopreventive properties. However, more research is needed to confirm these effects and establish a clear medical definition of ellagic acid. It is not considered a medication or a treatment for any specific medical condition.
Rutin is a flavonoid, a type of plant pigment that is found in various plants and foods including citrus fruits, buckwheat, and asparagus. It has antioxidant properties and is known to help strengthen blood vessels and reduce inflammation. In medical terms, rutin may be mentioned in the context of discussing treatments for conditions related to these effects, such as varicose veins or hemorrhoids. However, it's important to note that while rutin has potential health benefits, more research is needed to fully understand its effects and proper dosages.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Photinia" is not a medical term. It is a genus of shrubs and small trees in the rose family, Rosaceae. The most commonly cultivated species is Photinia x fraseri, also known as Fraser photinia or Red Robin, which is often used in landscaping due to its attractive, glossy green leaves and clusters of white flowers followed by bright red berries.
If you have any medical concerns or questions, I would be happy to try to help with those.
Pyrogallol is not typically considered a medical term, but it does have relevance to the field of pathology as a chemical reagent. Pyrogallol is an organic compound with the formula C6H3(OH)3. It is a type of phenol and can be used in histological stains to demonstrate the presence of certain enzymes or structures within tissue samples.
In a medical context, pyrogallol may be mentioned in pathology reports related to the use of this chemical in laboratory tests. However, it is not a condition or disease entity itself.
"Food analysis" is not a medical term per se, but it falls under the broader field of food science and nutrition. Food analysis refers to the laboratory methods and techniques used to determine the composition and quality of food products. This can include testing for nutrients (such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals), contaminants (like heavy metals, pesticides, or allergens), and other components that may affect the safety, quality, or authenticity of food.
The results of food analysis can be used to ensure compliance with regulatory standards, develop new food products, assess the nutritional value of diets, investigate food-borne illnesses, and monitor trends in food consumption. While not a medical definition, food analysis is an important tool for promoting public health and preventing diet-related diseases.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Punicaceae" is not a recognized term in modern medicine or medical botany. It is possible that you may be referring to "Punica granatum," which is the scientific name for the pomegranate tree and its fruit. The pomegranate has been studied for its potential medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. However, I would need more context to provide a more specific definition or explanation.
Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound that is responsible for the yellow color of turmeric, a spice derived from the plant Curcuma longa. It has been used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine for centuries due to its potential health benefits.
Curcumin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which have been studied for their potential therapeutic effects in various medical conditions such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, and diabetes. It works by inhibiting the activity of several enzymes and proteins that play a role in inflammation and oxidative stress.
However, it is important to note that while curcumin has shown promise in laboratory and animal studies, its effectiveness in humans is still being researched. Moreover, curcumin has low bioavailability, which means that it is poorly absorbed and rapidly eliminated from the body, limiting its potential therapeutic use. To overcome this limitation, researchers are exploring various formulations and delivery systems to improve curcumin's absorption and stability in the body.
"Vaccinium macrocarpon" is the scientific name for the American cranberry, a type of evergreen shrub that produces berries which are commonly used in food and also have potential health benefits. The active ingredients in cranberries, including proanthocyanidins, are thought to help prevent urinary tract infections by preventing bacteria from adhering to the walls of the urinary tract. However, it is important to note that consuming cranberry products should not be considered a substitute for medical treatment for UTIs or any other health conditions.
Flavonols are a type of flavonoid, which is a class of plant and fungal metabolites. They are characterized by the presence of a 3-hydroxyflavone skeleton. Flavonols are found in a variety of plants and are known for their antioxidant properties. Some common dietary sources of flavonols include onions, kale, broccoli, apples, tea, and red wine. They have been studied for their potential health benefits, including reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. Flavonols are also known to have anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antimicrobial properties.
Caffeic acids are a type of phenolic compounds that contain a catechol structure and a carboxylic acid group. They are found in various plants, including coffee, tea, fruits, and vegetables. The most common caffeic acid is caffeic acid itself, which is abundant in coffee. Caffeic acids have been studied for their potential health benefits, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. However, more research is needed to fully understand their effects on human health.
A diet, in medical terms, refers to the planned and regular consumption of food and drinks. It is a balanced selection of nutrient-rich foods that an individual eats on a daily or periodic basis to meet their energy needs and maintain good health. A well-balanced diet typically includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and low-fat dairy products.
A diet may also be prescribed for therapeutic purposes, such as in the management of certain medical conditions like diabetes, hypertension, or obesity. In these cases, a healthcare professional may recommend specific restrictions or modifications to an individual's regular diet to help manage their condition and improve their overall health.
It is important to note that a healthy and balanced diet should be tailored to an individual's age, gender, body size, activity level, and any underlying medical conditions. Consulting with a healthcare professional, such as a registered dietitian or nutritionist, can help ensure that an individual's dietary needs are being met in a safe and effective way.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Hibiscus" is not a medical term. It is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae. Some hibiscus species are used in traditional medicine and food products, but there isn't a single medical definition associated with the term "Hibiscus."
For example, Hibiscus sabdariffa, also known as roselle, is often used in herbal teas and has been studied for its potential health benefits. Some research suggests it may help lower blood pressure, but more studies are needed to confirm these findings and understand the mechanism of action.
If you're looking for information on a specific medical aspect related to hibiscus or its extracts, please provide more context so I can give you a more accurate response.
A blueberry plant (Vaccinium spp.) is a shrub that belongs to the heath family (Ericaceae) and is known for its small, round, blue-purple berries. The term "blueberry plant" generally refers to several species within the genus Vaccinium that produce edible fruits, including highbush blueberries (V. corymbosum), lowbush blueberries (V. angustifolium), and rabbiteye blueberries (V. ashei). These plants are native to North America and can be found growing in woodlands, swamps, and sandy areas.
Blueberry plants have simple, elliptical leaves that are typically green in color but may turn red or yellow in the fall. The flowers of blueberry plants are bell-shaped and range in color from white to pink. The fruit is a small berry that contains numerous tiny seeds and is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals.
Blueberry plants are popular for their delicious fruits, which can be eaten fresh or used in a variety of culinary applications, such as pies, jams, and smoothies. The plants are also grown for ornamental purposes due to their attractive flowers and foliage. Blueberry plants prefer acidic soil with a pH between 4.0 and 5.5 and require consistent moisture and well-drained conditions to thrive.
'Crataegus' is a genus of plants in the family Rosaceae, commonly known as Hawthorns. These plants are native to Europe, Asia, and North America, and are characterized by their thorny branches and clusters of white or pink flowers that bloom in the spring. The fruit of these plants, which are small red or black berries, are often used in herbal medicine for treating heart-related conditions.
In a medical context, Crataegus is most commonly referred to as Hawthorn, and its medicinal uses are primarily related to cardiovascular health. Hawthorn extracts have been shown to improve circulation, lower blood pressure, and help regulate irregular heartbeats. It has also been used to treat anxiety and digestive issues.
It is important to note that while Hawthorn has a long history of use in traditional medicine, it should not be used as a substitute for conventional medical treatment. Before taking any herbal supplements, including Hawthorn, it is always best to consult with a healthcare provider.
Polyphenol
Polyphenol oxidase
Antioxidant effect of polyphenols and natural phenols
Dictionary of natural phenols and polyphenols molecular formulas
Azalein
Tannin
Quercetin-3,3'-bissulfate 7-sulfotransferase
Primulin (anthocyanin)
Azaleatin
Oxygen radical absorbance capacity
Polyprenol
Nutrient
Treculia africana
Phlorotannin
Naturally occurring phenols
Olive oil extraction
Rubus idaeus
List of antioxidants in food
Unfiltered olive oil
Iris setosa
Flavan-3-ol
Gambier (extract)
Caffeine
Cirrhosis
Joseph H. Hulse
Aprutino Pescarese
Aronia
Clovamide
Catechin
Phlobaphene
Polyphenol - Wikipedia
Grape polyphenols backed for MetS benefits
Tea polyphenols inhibit the growth and virulence properties of Fusobacterium nucleatum | Scientific Reports
Polyphenols fight growth of breast cancer cells
Polyphenols Higher in Brewed Tea Than Bottled Tea
Mechanisms of hypolipidemic and anti-obesity effects of tea and tea polyphenols
Determination of Polyphenols, Capsaicinoids, and Vitamin C in New Hybrids of Chili Peppers
Jarrow Formulas Bilberry Plus Grapeskin Polyphenols -- 280 mg - 120 Veggie Caps - Vitacost
Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease.
Polyphenols news and latest updates
Nutrients | Free Full-Text | Therapeutic Role of Green Tea Polyphenols in Improving Fertility: A Review
Processes | Free Full-Text | Comparison of Different Extraction Methods for the Recovery of Olive Leaves Polyphenols
polyphenols - Impact Lab
Polyphenol-enriched protein powder shows immune benefits for athletes: Study
PDF) Polyphenol, Anthocyanin and Resveratrol Mass Fractions and Antioxidant Properties of Cranberry Cultivars
APPLE POLYPHENOLS: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions and Warnings - WebMD
polyphenols - Janet Starr Hull PhD, CN
Frontiers | Management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Could Dietary Polyphenols Be an Alternative to Existing Therapies?
Source of polyphenols | Kiju organic
Effect of Tea Polyphenols on Masugi Nephritis of Rabbit
Polyphenol-C® 500 - Allergy Research Group®
Frontiers | Natural deep eutectic solvents as a green extraction of polyphenols from spent coffee ground with enhanced...
The content of polyphenols in coffee beans as roasting, origin and storage effect | European Food Research and Technology
Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Polyphenols Contained in Mediterranean Diet in Obesity: Molecular Mechanisms
Early Research Suggests Palm Polyphenols May Lower Diabetes Symptoms - MPOC
Polyphenols in red wine 'burn calories in food' - The Drinks Business
Top Ways Açaà Polyphenols Benefit Health - Life Extension
Flavonoids9
- Polyphenols include flavonoids, tannic acid, and ellagitannin, some of which have been used historically as dyes and for tanning garments. (wikipedia.org)
- Numerous experiments have shown that certain polyphenols, mainly flavonoids, can protect against heart disease and have anticancer, antiviral and antiallergic properties. (nutraingredients.com)
- Nine polyphenol compounds were detected including 8 flavonoids and a nonflavonoid compound in the pods of all hybrids. (hindawi.com)
- "The mechanism by which [polyphenol soy protein complex] and other flavonoids provide protection from virus infections remains to be determined," ​wrote Ahmed and her co-workers. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- Polyphenol is an umbrella term that includes nutrients such as flavonoids, anthocyanins, catechins, lignans and many others. (thesynergycompany.com)
- There are about 8,000 different forms of polyphenols, including flavonoids like quercetin and catechins found in fruits. (thebusinessresearchcompany.com)
- Over five thousand flavonoids have been identified, which comprise the most abundant group of plant Polyphenols next to Stilbenes (resveratrol, pinosylvin, isorhapontin), Lignans (nuts, seeds, and whole grain cereal sources), and Phenolic acids (found in a variety of foods). (acu-cell.com)
- As a group with other polyphenols, flavonoids - and Bioflavonoid Complex Supplements - have been found to reduce the development of cardiovascular disease, [1] cancer, osteoporosis, and provide many other health benefits as a result of their antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and at times anti-allergenic properties. (acu-cell.com)
- It is high in flavonoids, polyphenols, and catechins. (msdmanuals.com)
Antioxidants7
- citation needed] Polyphenols are reactive species toward oxidation, hence their description as antioxidants in vitro. (wikipedia.org)
- Li and colleagues measured the level of polyphenols - a group of natural antioxidants linked to anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic properties - of six brands of tea purchased from supermarkets. (medindia.net)
- Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease. (wellnessresources.com)
- Apple polyphenols are antioxidants. (webmd.com)
- Polyphenols from fruits and berries are an abundant source of antioxidants in a healthy diet. (allergyresearchgroup.com)
- Mesquite smoked grilled salmon, steamed asparagus and a crisp salad with shredded cabbage, mandarin, carrot and sesame, olive oil dressing is loaded with omega 3's and colorful polyphenols to boost heart health, antioxidants and anti-inflammatory support. (lifeupright.com)
- Eating a rainbow of colorful veggies in your salads will boost your intake of Polyphenol antioxidants. (lifeupright.com)
Source of polyphenols2
- Malaysian palm oil is a rich source of polyphenols, including carotenes and tocotrienols . (mpoc.org.my)
- Nut skins are considered to be a rich source of polyphenols and may be partially responsible for the numerous health effects associated with nut consumption. (nuthealth.org)
Phenolic compounds1
- citation needed] Ellagic acid, a molecule at the core of naturally occurring phenolic compounds of varying sizes, is itself not a polyphenol by the WBSSH definition, but is by the Quideau definition. (wikipedia.org)
Antioxidant7
- In the last decade, there has been much interest in the potential health benefits of dietary plant polyphenols as antioxidant. (wellnessresources.com)
- On the other hand, adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet is highly encouraged because of its healthy dietary pattern, which includes antioxidant nutraceuticals such as polyphenols. (nih.gov)
- A growing body of scientific evidence shows that berry polyphenols' antioxidant capacity powerfully targets numerous degenerative diseases, from cancer and atherosclerosis to impaired glucose control and blood lipid abnormalities. (lifeextension.com)
- After consuming a blend of açaà polyphenols, researchers recorded a three-fold increase in antioxidant capacity in the blood of healthy human volunteers. (lifeextension.com)
- Polyphenols are known for their antimicrobial activity, whilst both polyphenols and the globular protein β-lactoglobulin (bLG) are suggested to have antioxidant properties and promote cell proliferation. (lancs.ac.uk)
- abundant cereals, legumes, fruit, vegetables and wine) significantly increased the intake of antioxidant molecules, including polyphenols, which along with other factors may have modulated the cognitive evolution of humans. (unimi.it)
- Coffee also has vasodilatory effects and contains antioxidant polyphenols, which reduce oxidative stress and modulate metabolism. (medscape.com)
Compounds5
- Three different polyphenols, compounds found in wine, beer and tea, appear to significantly decrease breast cancer cells, according to new research from Portugal, which goes against previous findings showing that alcohol raises the risk of breast cancer. (nutraingredients.com)
- The coffee beverage is a rich source of bioactive compounds especially polyphenols, such as phenolic acids, mostly chlorogenic (in green beans) and caffeic (occurring after roasting). (springer.com)
- Polyphenols belong to one of the most interesting classes of compounds in nature with antioxidative potential. (teknoscienze.com)
- Studies of plant extracts and compounds show that polyphenols can play a beneficial role in the prevention and the progress of chronic diseases related to inflammation such as diabetes, obesity, neurodegeneration, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases, among other conditions. (scienceopen.com)
- This study investigated the effect of the molecular weight and stereochemistry of polyphenol compounds on two important properties of dentin, biomechanics, and biostability. (bjonnh.net)
EGCG3
- The experimental data indicated that the molecular mechanisms of fatty acid synthase gene suppression by tea polyphenols (EGCG, theaflavins) may invite down-regulation of EGFR/PI3K/Akt/Sp-1 signal transduction pathways. (nih.gov)
- To determine the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol component of green tea, in human corneal epithelial cells (HCEpiC). (molvis.org)
- In this study, a range of different microbes and an osteoblast-like cell line (human fetal osteoblast, hFOB) were used to assess the combined effect of: (1) green tea extract (GTE), rich in the polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and (2) whey protein isolate (WPI), rich in bLG. (lancs.ac.uk)
Resveratrol2
- In one of the most well known examples, consumption of red wine, which contains the polyphenol resveratrol, has been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. (nutraingredients.com)
- Polyphenols used in skin treatment include tea polyphenols (like epicatechin), silymarin, quercetin, resveratrol and tannins (hydrolysable and condensed substances such as proanthocyanidins). (teknoscienze.com)
Total polyphenol intake1
- Results Mean total polyphenol intake was the highest in Aarhus-Denmark (1786 mg/day in men and 1626 mg/day in women) and the lowest in Greece (744 mg/day in men and 584 mg/day in women). (lu.se)
Intake9
- The rest had small amounts of polyphenols that Li said probably would carry little health benefit, especially when considering the high sugar intake from tea beverages. (medindia.net)
- Known as the French paradox, a low incidence of coronary heart disease despite substantial intake of saturated fats is thought to be due to a diet rich in polyphenols. (medicalxpress.com)
- Since most of us fall short on our intake of fruits and vegetables, let alone meet Dr. Sears' recommended 10 servings per day, supplementing with purified polyphenols is a great way to fill in the gaps. (zoneliving.com)
- Polyphenol intake and cardiovascular risk in the PREDIMED-Plus trial. (revespcardiol.org)
- Thanks to the pioneering studies of Østerud and co-workers it is now increasingly understood that natural polyphenols present in marine oils play an essential role in protecting omega-3 lipids from oxidation and autooxidation ensuring that no proinflammatory products are formed after intake as it often happens with assumption of refined omega-3 concentrates. (preprints.org)
- To date, limited data exist on intake of polyphenols in populations. (lu.se)
- The current cross-sectional analysis aimed at estimating dietary intakes of all currently known individual polyphenols and total intake per class and subclass, and to identify their main food sources in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. (lu.se)
- When dividing the subjects into three regions, the highest intake of total polyphenols was observed in the UK healthconscious group, followed by non-Mediterranean (non- MED) and MED countries. (lu.se)
- The aim of the present study was to determine the profiles of both phase II and microbial-derived phenolic metabolites in plasma and urine samples before and after the intake of almond skin polyphenols by healthy human subjects (n = 2). (nuthealth.org)
Berry Polyphenols1
- Find out how these and other findings confirm berry polyphenols' unrivalled capacity to blunt free radical damage and thwart degenerative disease. (lifeextension.com)
Fruits12
- This is why fruits, especially berries, and vegetables are good sources of polyphenols. (zoneliving.com)
- To give a sense of what 1,000mg of polyphenols per day looks like, it could be approximately 5 ½ cups of broccoli, 1 ½ cups of blueberries, 2 ¼ cups of strawberries or a combination of various fruits and vegetables. (zoneliving.com)
- A good rule of thumb is that consuming 10 servings ofvegetables and fruits per day will provide about 1,000mg of polyphenols per day. (zoneliving.com)
- Despite the health benefits of polyphenols, only 1 out of 10 adults meets the recommended 5 to 9 servings of fruits and vegetables per day. (zoneliving.com)
- Only about 2-20% of the polyphenols in fruits and vegetables are absorbed into the body which is why you need higher intakes of fruits and vegetables (about 10 servings per day) to see significant health gains. (zoneliving.com)
- Liquid polyphenol with 10 fruits and 74 trace minerals plus aloe vera - supplies 80mg polyphenols. (zoneliving.com)
- Since polyphenols also play an important role in the sensory qualities of fruits and wines particularly involving astringency and bitterness, there may be differences that affect sensory perceptions of wine. (scirp.org)
- Coffee, tea, and fruits were the most important food sources of total polyphenols. (lu.se)
- There are over 8,000 identified polyphenols found in fruits, veggies, seeds, beans, spices, and herbs and in everything from wine and turmeric to grape seeds and olive oil. (thesynergycompany.com)
- Which fruits contain polyphenols? (thesynergycompany.com)
- Polyphenols are found in many supplements and can easily get into the diet through fruits, vegetables, teas, and spices. (thebusinessresearchcompany.com)
- Polyphenols (PPs) are reactive metabolites abundant in plant derived foods, especially fruits, seeds and leaves. (bvsalud.org)
Contain polyphenols3
- Apples are super healthy for several reasons - they are low in calories, high in fiber and they contain polyphenols. (janethull.com)
- What Foods Contain Polyphenols? (thesynergycompany.com)
- A number of vegetables contain polyphenols, though not in as high concentrations as fruit. (thesynergycompany.com)
Metabolism2
- The water solubility of polyphenols is critical because if they don't get in your body, they can't activate AMPK, a gene transcription factor that controls how we generate energy and regulate our metabolism. (zoneliving.com)
- The urinary excretion of these microbial metabolites was estimated to account for a larger proportion of the total polyphenol ingested than phase II metabolites of (epi) catechin, indicating the important role of intestinal bacteria in the metabolism of highly polymerized almond skin polyphenols. (nuthealth.org)
Extract6
- Swedish bilberry extract contains 25% polyphenols as anthocyanosides. (vitacost.com)
- The red grapeskin extract contains 25% polyphenols including anthochyanins. (vitacost.com)
- Taking apple polyphenol extract along with insulin might cause your blood sugar to go too low. (webmd.com)
- Purified Maqui Extract - supplies 120mg of polyphenols. (zoneliving.com)
- High-potency Cocoa Polyphenol extract. (zoneliving.com)
- High-potency Cocoa Polyphenol extract with purified Maqui extract. (zoneliving.com)
Lignans1
- Phenolic acid include caffeic acid Lignans are polyphenols derived from phenylalanine found in Flax seed and other cereals. (wikipedia.org)
Secondary metabolites2
- Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants and are generally involved in defense against ultraviolet radiation or aggression by pathogens. (wellnessresources.com)
- Background/Objectives Polyphenols are plant secondary metabolites with a large variability in their chemical structure and dietary occurrence that have been associated with some protective effects against several chronic diseases. (lu.se)
Healthful5
- However, there is a huge gap between the perception that tea consumption is healthy and the actual amount of the healthful nutrients - polyphenols - found in bottled tea beverages. (medindia.net)
- This establishes a conundrum where dietary polyphenols are healthful but potentially unpalatable.We recruited and randomized 18 female participants (21 - 50 y) to one of five groups (3 - 4 per group). (scirp.org)
- There are two ways you can get amazing, healthful polyphenols into your system: foods and supplements. (thesynergycompany.com)
- Chocoholics rejoice-your favorite treat is filled with healthful polyphenols! (thesynergycompany.com)
- Along with a healthful diet, the right polyphenol-containing supplements can assist you with your health goals. (thesynergycompany.com)
Inflammation4
- The study - published in the Journal of Nutrition - evaluates the effects of grape polyphenols in people with metabolic syndrome (MetS) - revealing that consumption of a freeze dried whole-grape powder led to reductions in blood pressure, improved blood flow and reduced inflammation. (nutraingredients.com)
- In this review, we highlight the impact of the most common polyphenols from Mediterranean foods on molecular mechanisms that mediate obesity-related oxidative stress and inflammation. (nih.gov)
- We note that Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) dietary polyphenols can de-regulate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) and NF-κB-mediated oxidative stress, and metabolic inflammation. (nih.gov)
- 2. Polyphenols take on inflammation (and win! (thesynergycompany.com)
Grape3
- Consumption of polyphenol-rich grape may offer heart health benefits for men with metabolic syndrome, according to new research data. (nutraingredients.com)
- Early research shows that taking apple and grape polyphenols can allow athletes to exercise for a little bit longer before getting tired. (webmd.com)
- Optimization of the Extraction Methodology of Grape Pomace Polyphenols for Food Applications. (bvsalud.org)
Catechins1
- In this regard, green tea polyphenols (GrTPs) have been reported to possess properties that may increase the quality of male and female gametes, mostly via the capability of catechins to reduce ROS production. (mdpi.com)
Substances2
- Li pointed out that in addition to the low polyphenol content, bottled commercial tea contains other substances, including large amounts of sugar and the accompanying calories that health-conscious consumers may be trying to avoid. (medindia.net)
- In addition, they also contain other healthy substances, such as polyphenols", says Anne Nilsson. (lu.se)
Molecules1
- Polyphenols are often larger molecules (macromolecules). (wikipedia.org)
Nutrients2
- Polyphenols are nutrients found in plants that are responsible for their health-promoting properties. (zoneliving.com)
- But they also boast another class of nutrients called phytonutrients, of which a large percentage is known as polyphenols. (thesynergycompany.com)
Extracts2
- These are high purity, high-potency cocoa polyphenol extracts. (zoneliving.com)
- Learn more about our polyphenol-rich, organic SuperPure® Extracts and Superfoods for optimal health. (thesynergycompany.com)
20233
- The global polyphenols market size grew from $1.87 billion in 2022 to $2.1 billion in 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.3% . (thebusinessresearchcompany.com)
- The third Webinar in Polyphenols Research ("Polyphenols and food and beverage quality") was held 8 March 2023! (groupepolyphenols.com)
- The XXXI International Conference of Polyphenols (ICP2023) will take place in Nantes at 3-6 July 2023! (groupepolyphenols.com)
Anti-inflammatory2
- This review offers a systematic understanding about how polyphenols target multiple inflammatory components and lead to anti-inflammatory mechanisms. (scienceopen.com)
- Since consumption of a diet rich in polyphenols has been associated with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, we studied the effects of twenty-five stilbenoids isolated from Milicia excelsa, Morus alba, Gnetum africanum, and Vitis vinifera. (bjonnh.net)
Cardiovascular2
- Epidemiological studies and associated meta-analyses strongly suggest that long term consumption of diets rich in plant polyphenols offer protection against development of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, osteoporosis and neurodegenerative diseases. (wellnessresources.com)
- Ingesta de polifenoles y riesgo cardiovascular en el ensayo PREDIMED-Plus. (revespcardiol.org)
Metabolites1
- In addition, numerous metabolites derived from further microbial degradation of hydroxyphenylvalerolactones, including hydroxyphenylpropionic, hydroxyphenylacetic, hydroxycinnamic, hydroxybenzoic, and hydroxy hippuric acids, registered major changes in urine after the consumption of almond skin polyphenols. (nuthealth.org)
Nutraceuticals1
- The usage of herbal medicines and polyphenols or nutraceuticals is quickly expanding across the world, with many individuals increasingly turning to these products for the treatment of various health concerns in various national healthcare settings. (thebusinessresearchcompany.com)
Micronutrients1
- The polyphenols refer to micronutrients found naturally in plants. (thebusinessresearchcompany.com)
Consumption2
- However, more bioavailability studies of nut skin polyphenols are needed to understand the health effects derived from nut consumption. (nuthealth.org)
- Glucuronide, O-methyl glucuronide, sulfate, and O-methyl sulfate derivatives of (epi) catechin, as well as the glucuronide conjugates of naringenin and glucuronide and sulfate conjugates of isorhamnetin, were detected in plasma and urine samples after consumption of almond skin polyphenols. (nuthealth.org)
Absorption3
- The study results suggest that the palm polyphenols may slow the rate of blood sugar absorption. (mpoc.org.my)
- To the authors' knowledge this study constitutes the most complete report of the absorption of almond skin polyphenols in humans. (nuthealth.org)
- Providing fortificant iron as NaFeEDTA cannot overcome the inhibition of tea polyphenols on iron absorption, even in iron deficiency anemia, where iron absorption is strongly upregulated. (who.int)
Tannic2
- RESULTS: The study showed that forage species and phenological stage affected the levels of bound phenols (BP) and tannic polyphenols (TP). (bris.ac.uk)
- Viterbo) cut at the vegetative (Veg) and reproductive (Rep) stages, on lipolysis and PUFA biohydrogenation in the rumen.RESULTS: The study showed that forage species and phenological stage affected the levels of bound phenols (BP) and tannic polyphenols (TP). (bris.ac.uk)
Diet5
- Palm juice was provided as a drink or mixed into the diet to provide palm polyphenol intakes from 170 to 720mg gallic acid equivalents per kilogram of body weight. (mpoc.org.my)
- The effect of a high-polyphenol Mediterranean diet (Green-MED) combined with physical activity on age-related brain atrophy: the Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial Polyphenols Unprocessed Study (DIRECT PLUS). (nuthealth.org)
- Objective: To explore the effect of a Mediterranean diet higher in polyphenols and lower in red/processed meat (Green-MED diet) on age-related brain atrophy. (nuthealth.org)
- Abdominally obese/dyslipidemic participants were randomly assigned to (1)-healthy dietary guidelines (HDG), (2)-Mediterranean (MED) diet, or (3)-Green-MED diet (MED diet higher in polyphenols and lower in red/processed meat). (nuthealth.org)
- Conclusions: A Green-MED, high-polyphenol diet, rich in Mankai, green tea and walnuts and low in red/processed meat is potentially neuroprotective for age-related brain atrophy. (nuthealth.org)
Concentrations2
- Each group evaluated the sensory qualities of a geographically paired organic (OW) and conventional wine (CW) and an artificially colored white wine placebo (PW) with significantly differing total polyphenol concentrations (TP). (scirp.org)
- K. Martin and K. Rasmussen, "Comparison of Sensory Qualities of Geographically Paired Organic and Conventional Red Wines from the Southwestern US with Differing Total Polyphenol Concentrations: A Randomized Pilot Study," Food and Nutrition Sciences , Vol. 2 No. 10, 2011, pp. 1150-1159. (scirp.org)
Green tea3
- A soy protein powder enriched with blueberry and green tea polyphenols may reduce exercise-induced susceptibility to viral infection, says a new study from North Carolina. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- The Green-MED group consumed green-tea (3-4 cups/day) and Mankai (Wolffia-globosa strain, 100g frozen-cubes/day) green shake (+800mg/day polyphenols). (nuthealth.org)
- Tea polyphenols are found in black and green tea leaves. (thesynergycompany.com)
Health9
- Here we present knowledge about the biological effects of plant polyphenols in the context of relevance to human health. (wellnessresources.com)
- Perhaps the word "polyphenol" means little to you, but they certainly mean a lot to your health. (medicalxpress.com)
- The appropriate dose of apple polyphenols depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. (webmd.com)
- Polyphenols are a big deal, especially to your gut health. (janethull.com)
- Polyphenols have been claimed to have health-promoting effects like anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-aging, anti-thrombotic and anti-allergic, also govern cellular processes and have metal chelating functions. (teknoscienze.com)
- Polyphenols support the healthy microorganisms inside our gastrointestinal system that play a very important role in our overall state of health. (thesynergycompany.com)
- The polyphenols in coffee can help support your health in many ways. (thesynergycompany.com)
- Polyphenols can aid in gut health and boost. (lifeupright.com)
- Better knowledge of dietary polyphenols could offer a very economical public health intervention in maintaining oral health. (bvsalud.org)
Seeds1
- Mainly found in the fruit skins and seeds, high levels of polyphenols may reflect only the measured extractable polyphenol (EPP) content of a fruit which may also contain non-extractable polyphenols. (wikipedia.org)
Nutrition3
- Cell samples from long-distance runners who ingested 40 grams per day of the polyphenol-enriched protein powder for 17 days were found to resist viral replication, report scientists from the Appalachian State University, the Dole Nutrition Research Laboratory at the North Carolina Research Campus, and North Carolina State University. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- K. R. Martin and C. Appel, "Polyphenols as Dietary Supplements: A Double-Edged Sword," Nutrition and Dietary Supplements, Vol. 2010, No. 2, 2009, pp. 1-12. (scirp.org)
- I. Lesschaeve and A. Noble, "Polyphenols: Factors Influencing Their Sensory Properties and Their Effects on Food and Beverage Preferences," American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 81, No. 1, 2005, pp. 330S-335S. (scirp.org)
Lipids1
- Apple polyphenols are used for obesity , hay fever , high levels of cholesterol or other fats ( lipids ) in the blood ( hyperlipidemia ), and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. (webmd.com)
Effects4
- Taking apple polyphenols might cause mild gastrointestinal side effects, such as diarrhea . (webmd.com)
- Therapeutic effects of tea polyphenols (TP) on rabbit Masugi nephritis induced by way of subcutaneous immunization were determined by Dexamethasone as a control reagent. (scialert.net)
- Hence, we discuss the effects of these polyphenols on a number of signaling pathways. (nih.gov)
- Effects of olive leaf polyphenols. (unige.ch)
Therapeutic1
- The number and characteristics of these phenol structures underlie the unique physical, chemical, and biological (metabolic, toxic, therapeutic, etc.) properties of particular members of the polyphenol class. (medicalxpress.com)
Researchers4
- Researchers have found that many of the increasingly popular beverages included in the study contain fewer polyphenols than a single cup of home-brewed green or black tea. (medindia.net)
- The researchers, led by Dr Maryam Ahmed from the Appalachian State University, recruited 31 long-distance runners and randomly assigned then to one of two groups: The first group received 40 grams per day of the polyphenol soy protein complex or placebo (soy protein plus colorings) for 17 days. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
- The findings from these data bases suggest that while dietary polyphenols may not replace the need for the existing therapies in the management of BPH, they hold promise in BPH management which could be explored by researchers working in this field. (frontiersin.org)
- Researchers worldwide are studying the effect of palm's polyphenols on diabetes, and so far, the results are very encouraging. (mpoc.org.my)
Cultivars1
- 0.05) were reported as regards the mass fractions of polyphenols and anthocyanins in the fruit of the analysed cultivars. (researchgate.net)
Anthocyanins1
- The highest polyphenol mass fraction was determined in Ben Lear (374.2 mg per 100 g of fresh mass), while Early Richard was the richest source of anthocyanins (77.1 mg per 100 g of fresh mass). (researchgate.net)
Extraction3
- citation needed] Extraction of polyphenols can be performed using a solvent like water, hot water, methanol, methanol/formic acid, methanol/water/acetic or formic acid. (wikipedia.org)
- In the present study, advanced extraction techniques, microwave (MAE), ultrasound (UAE), and high pressure (HPAE)-assisted extraction, were applied to improve extraction efficiency of olive ( Olea europaea L.) leaves polyphenols. (mdpi.com)
- This study aimed to investigate the application of two NADES, namely, betaine:triethylene glycol (Bet : TEG) and choline chloride:1,2-propanediol (Chol : Prop), as sustainable green solvents for the extraction of polyphenols from spent coffee ground (SCG), a by-product of coffee processing. (frontiersin.org)
Apples2
Exert2
- A growing number of dietary intervention studies in humans and animals and in particular those using polyphenol-rich diets have been proposed to exert a multiplicity of neuroprotective actions within the brain, including a potential to protect neurons against injury induced by neurotoxins, an ability to suppress neuroinflammation and a potential to promote memory, learning, and cognitive functions. (uea.ac.uk)
- Polyphenols exert preventive activity against infectious and degenerative diseases including oral diseases. (bvsalud.org)
Intakes1
- Conclusion This study describes the large number of dietary individual polyphenols consumed and the high variability of their intakes between European populations, particularly between MED and non-MED countries. (lu.se)
Beverages2
- Our analysis of tea beverages found that the polyphenol content is extremely low," said Li. (medindia.net)
- Coffee is one of the most polyphenol-rich beverages in the world. (thesynergycompany.com)