Acrylates
Polymethacrylic Acids
Sphingosylphosphorylcholine induces cytosolic Ca(2+) elevation in endothelial cells in situ and causes endothelium-dependent relaxation through nitric oxide production in bovine coronary artery. (1/418)
Sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) increased intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) and nitric oxide (NO) production in endothelial cells in situ on bovine aortic valves, and induced endothelium-dependent relaxation of bovine coronary arteries precontracted with U-46619. The SPC-induced vasorelaxation was inhibited by N(omega)-monomethyl-L-arginine, an inhibitor of both constitutive and inducible NO synthase (NOS), but not by 1-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl) imidazole, an inhibitor of inducible NOS (iNOS). Immunoblotting revealed that endothelial constitutive NOS, but not iNOS, was present in endothelial cells in situ on the bovine aortic valves. We propose that SPC activates [Ca(2+)]i levels and NO production of endothelial cells in situ, thereby causing an endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. (+info)Population pharmacokinetics in phase I drug development: a phase I study of PK1 in patients with solid tumours. (2/418)
Doxorubicin pharmacokinetics were determined in 33 patients with solid tumours who received intravenous doses of 20-320 mg m(-2) HPMA copolymer bound doxorubicin (PK1) in a phase I study. Since assay constraints limited the data at lower doses, conventional analysis was not feasible and a 'population approach' was used. Bound concentrations were best described by a biexponential model and further analyses revealed a small influence of dose or weight on V1 but no identifiable effects of age, body surface area, renal or hepatic function. The final model was: clearance (Q) 0.194 I h(-1); central compartment volume (V1) 4.48 x (1+0.00074 x dose (mg)) I; peripheral compartment volume (V2) 7.94 I; intercompartmental clearance 0.685 I h(-1). Distribution and elimination half-lives had median estimates of 2.7 h and 49 h respectively. Free doxorubicin was present at most sampling times with concentrations around 1000 times lower than bound doxorubicin values. Data were best described using a biexponential model and the following parameters were estimated: apparent clearance 180 I h-(-1); apparent V1 (I) 1450 x (1+0.0013 x dose (mg)), apparent V2 (I) 21 300 x (1-0.0013 x dose (mg)) x (1+2.95 x height (m)) and apparent Q 6950 I h(-1). Distribution and elimination half-lives were 0.13 h and 85 h respectively. (+info)Pharmacokinetics of PK1 and doxorubicin in experimental colon tumor models with differing responses to PK1. (3/418)
PK1 is a synthetic N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide copolymer-doxorubicin (dox) conjugate currently undergoing Phase II evaluation in the United Kingdom. We have studied the activity of PK1 in three murine colon tumor models that differ in terms of morphology and vascularization in an attempt to determine which factors are most important in the tumor response to PK1. Vascular permeability was evaluated with Evans Blue, and pharmacokinetic studies in MAC15A and MAC26 used high-performance liquid chromatography to monitor both PK1 uptake and dox release in the tumors. Cathepsin B activity was assessed using a specific substrate. PK1 (40 mg x kg(-1) dox equivalent) was significantly more effective than dox alone (10 mg x kg(-1)) was against MAC15A tumors, which possess enhanced perfusion and retention, but not against MAC26 tumors, although MAC15A was also responsive to PK1 when grown as avascular micrometastatic deposits in the lung. Pharmacokinetic studies showed similar levels of PK1 in both tumors. Peak tumor levels of released dox were 7-fold greater in the responsive MAC15A tumor (53 microg x ml(-1)) compared with the less responsive MAC26 tumor (7.7 microg x ml(-1)) and more than 18-fold greater in MAC15A than when free dox was given. These differences in response correlated also with an increased lysosomal activity of cathepsin B. Calculated AUCs for intratumoral dox released were 431 microg x h x g(-1) and 775 microg x h x g(-1) for MAC15A and MAC26, respectively. These AUCs are 4-fold and 7-fold higher, respectively, than when dox is given alone. This study has shown that activity and the pharmacokinetics of PK1 and released dox are dependent on both the vascular properties and enzyme content of the tumors. These studies are likely to have clinical implications as aggressive tumors are known to have increased protease activity. (+info)Limited exposure of the healthy distal colon to orally-dosed formulation is further exaggerated in active left-sided ulcerative colitis. (4/418)
BACKGROUND: Active distal ulcerative colitis is often resistant to topically acting oral formulations. We speculated that the left side of the colon is underexposed to orally-dosed topical agents in patients with active distal colitis. METHODS: Twenty-two healthy volunteers (12 males, aged 22-47 years), and 10 patients (6 males, aged 33-73 years) with active left-sided ulcerative colitis ingested a Eudragit-coated gelatine capsule containing 111In-labelled amberlite resin on four successive days. Regional colonic distribution, transit times and percentage of daily dose resident were calculated from the average of four serial gamma camera images on the 4th day. RESULTS: (mean [95% CI]). When compared to controls, patients with colitis had significantly faster total colon transit (24.3 h [9.5-39.1] vs. 51.7 h [41.1-62.3]) as well as faster proximal colon transit (18.7 h [9.1-28.3] vs. 36.7 [28.5-44.9]), and distal colon transit (3.1 h [-0.5 to 6.8] vs. 15.0 h [10.5-19.5]), respectively (all P < 0.01). Material was asymmetrically distributed in health (proximal colon 69% [63-76] vs. distal colon 31% [24-37]). This asymmetry was more extreme in colitis, with corresponding values of 91% [85-96] vs. 9% [4-15]. As a result colitics had less material in the left-sided colon (9% [4-15] vs. 31% [24-37]), P < 0. 001. Colitics had a significantly lower percentage of the daily dose resident within the left side of the colon compared to controls (13% [-2 to 28] vs. 63% [44-81]), P < 0.01. CONCLUSIONS: Delayed release oral formulation is asymmetrically distributed within the colon in health. This asymmetry is exaggerated in active left-sided ulcerative colitis and, together with faster colonic transit, results in reduced exposure of the distal colon to orally-dosed topical agents. (+info)Development of metal-resin composite restorative material. Part 2. Effects of acid and heat treatments of silver-tin filler particles on flexural properties of metal-resin composite. (5/418)
The effects of acid and heat treatments of silver-tin filler particles on the flexural properties of metal-resin composite restorative materials were investigated. Five metal-resin composite restorative materials containing different silver-tin filler particles treated under different conditions were experimentally prepared. The conditions of the alloy particles were; 1) as atomized (NT), 2) 1.8% HCl acid-treated (AT), 3) heat-treated at 150 degrees C for 5 min after AT (A15), 4) heat-treated at 200 degrees C for 5 min after AT (A20) and 5) heat-treated at 250 degrees C for 5 min after AT (A25). The flexural strength and the flexural modulus of elasticity were measured for the five metal-resin composites to evaluate the effects of the acid and heat treatments. The flexural strength of the prepared composites was significantly influenced by the surface condition of the filler particles (p < 0.01), and increased significantly when the as atomized particles (NT) were acid-treated (AT) or acid- and heat-treated at 150 degrees C (A15), but then significantly decreased as the heat treatment temperature increased (A20 and A25). The strength of the A15 composite was significantly higher than those of the other composites, and exceeded that (about 60 MPa) of the previous composite with no treatment. No significant difference was found in the flexural modulus of the composites. (+info)Evaluation of the amount of residual monomer on UDMA-based resins by FTIR. (6/418)
The purpose of this study was to establish a method using FTIR to evaluate the polymerization characteristics of UDMA-based resins. Three kinds of experimental UDMA-based resins were prepared with various molar fractions. IR spectra of the cured film specimens were measured with FTIR before and after extracting residual monomer from each specimen by MeOH. From the IR spectra, the changes in the number of double bonds were measured, with the NH absorbance peak as an internal standard, and the amounts of residual monomers (RM) were calculated. The MeOH-immersed specimens were analyzed by HPLC. The RM measured by FTIR were compared with those measured by HPLC. The RM measured by HPLC were more than those by FTIR. Since these differences could be due to the difference in the area measured, this FTIR estimation method of residual monomers in cured resins using the NH absorbance peak as an internal standard could be an appropriate method when the resin monomer does not contain aromatic compounds. (+info)Interaction of antibodies and antigens conjugated with synthetic polyanions: on the way of creating an artificial chaperone. (7/418)
Recently we have initiated the use of synthetic polyelectrolytes to mimic the action of chaperones in living cells [Dainiak et al., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1381 (1998) 279-285]. The next step in this direction is done by the synthesis of conjugates of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) with antigen, denatured glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (dGAPDH), and with monoclonal antibodies specific for dGAPDH (but not for the native protein). The pH-dependent properties of the conjugates have been studied using turbidimetry and light scattering. The antibody-PMAA and dGAPDH-PMAA conjugates were shown to interact with free dGAPDH and antibodies respectively as well as with each other. Insoluble aggregates of dGAPDH with antibody-PMAA and of antibodies with dGAPDH-PMAA are formed in acidic media. The same situation occurs in the mixture of antibody-PMAA and dGAPDH-PMAA: precipitation takes place in acidic media, whereas soluble associates are formed in neutral solutions. The size of the soluble associates and the number of conjugates in the associate could be regulated by pH. The competition of free dGAPDH and dGAPDH-PMAA for binding with antibody-PMAA and the dynamic release of refolded GAPDH, with no affinity to antibody-PMAA, into solution could be used for simulating chaperone action. (+info)Management of extensive carious lesions in permanent molars of a child with nonmetallic bonded restorations--a case report. (8/418)
The badly decayed molar teeth of a 12-year-old were restored using resin composite and ceramic restorations. The maxillary first left permanent molar, which had an extensive carious lesion that had destroyed most of the coronal hard tissues of the tooth, was restored to shape and function with a heat-treated resin composite onlay restoration. The restoration was followed up for two years. The mandibular right first molar had a failing large amalgam restoration with extensive recurrent caries. After a three-month period of pulp-capping, the tooth was restored with a bonded ceramic onlay restoration. A nine-month follow-up of this restoration is provided. The maxillary right first molar, which also had a failing large amalgam/resin composite restoration, was restored with a direct resin composite restoration. Under traditional treatment regimens, these extensive cavities would have been treated using more invasive procedures such as pin-retained restorations or elective root canal therapy, post placement, core build-up and crowning. Bonded non-metallic restorations avoid the trauma, time and cost that accompany such extensive procedures and offer a more conservative approach. (+info)Acrylates are a group of chemical compounds that are derived from acrylic acid. They are commonly used in various industrial and commercial applications, including the production of plastics, resins, paints, and adhesives. In the medical field, acrylates are sometimes used in the formation of dental restorations, such as fillings and dentures, due to their strong bonding properties and durability.
However, it is important to note that some people may have allergic reactions or sensitivities to acrylates, which can cause skin irritation, allergic contact dermatitis, or other adverse effects. Therefore, medical professionals must use caution when working with these materials and ensure that patients are informed of any potential risks associated with their use.
Polymethacrylic acids are not typically referred to as a medical term, but rather as a chemical one. They are a type of synthetic polymer made up of repeating units of methacrylic acid (MAA). These polymers have various applications in different industries, including the medical field.
In medicine, polymethacrylates are often used in the formulation of controlled-release drug delivery systems, such as beads or microspheres, due to their ability to swell and shrink in response to changes in pH or temperature. This property allows for the gradual release of drugs encapsulated within these polymers over an extended period.
Polymethacrylates are also used in dental applications, such as in the production of artificial teeth and dentures, due to their durability and resistance to wear. Additionally, they can be found in some surgical sealants and adhesives.
While polymethacrylic acids themselves may not have a specific medical definition, their various forms and applications in medical devices and drug delivery systems contribute significantly to the field of medicine.
Poly(methacrylic acid)
Nanocapsule
Nanogel
Nicotine polacrilex
Nanocluster
List of MeSH codes (D25)
Fouling
List of MeSH codes (D02)
Stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems
PMAA
List of MeSH codes (D05)
Photolabile protecting group
Antimicrobial polymer
Poly(methacrylic acid) - Wikipedia
8. Obtaining of Pesticide Emulsion Concentrates by Using Polymethacrylic Acid - Agricultural Sciences
Unexpected Slow Kinetics of Poly(Methacrylic Acid) Phase Separation in the Semi-Dilute Regime - Spectroscopie, Modélisation,...
View of Preparation of cellulose-graft-polymethacrylic acid nanocapsule encapsulating gallic acid for cosmetic application
Poly(methyl methacrylate) average Mw 120,000 GPC 9011-14-7
Confocal Imaging | Materials Science and Engineering | The University of Sheffield
WTS database | WHO FCTC
Promoting CO2 methanation via ligand-stabilized metal oxide clusters as hydrogen-donating motifs | Nature Communications
Polymethyl Methacrylate | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
Micromachines | Free Full-Text | Hybrid Systems of Nanofibers and Polymeric Nanoparticles for Biological Application and...
A Review on Nanofluids: Preparation, Stability Mechanisms, and Applications
pH Sensitive Drug Delivery Systems: A Review
Publikacije - Kemijski inštitut
David A. Putnam | Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering
Electrorheological Elastomers | IntechOpen
화학공학소재연구정보센터(CHERIC) | 연구정보 | 문헌DB | 학술지 검색
San Hoa Thang - Research output - Monash University
Mark Green | NYU Tandon School of Engineering
Polymethyl Methacrylate | Colorado PROFILES
Martin Hedström - Forskningsoutput - Lunds universitet
Publications - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia
Publications - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia
amino acid - Ontology Browser - Rat Genome Database
Multifunctional nanoparticle-protein conjugates with controllable bioactivity and pH responsiveness - McMaster Experts
Synthesis of PES and PES/chitosan membranes for synthetic acid mine drainage treatment
ISO 16402:2008 | Product | CSA Group
Synthesis, Characterization, and Aqueous Lubricating Properties of Amphiphilic Graft Copolymers Comprising 2-Methoxyethyl...
Methacrylic Acid Manufacturing Plant Project Report 2023
Advancements in the Development of Oral Therapeutics for Diabetes
Methacrylic Acid28
- Poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) is a polymer made from methacrylic acid (preferred IUPAC name, 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid), which is a carboxylic acid. (wikipedia.org)
- It is often available as its sodium salt, poly(methacrylic acid) sodium salt. (wikipedia.org)
- The first polymeric form of methacrylic acid was described in 1880 by Engelhorn and Fittig. (wikipedia.org)
- In addition, the rate constant of propagation (kp) during free radical polymerization of methacrylic acid is dependent on the monomer concentration. (wikipedia.org)
- Poly (methacrylic acid) (PMAA) solutions are known to exhibit a lower critical solution temperature (LCST). (sorbonne-universite.fr)
- 2009. "High molecular weight poly(methacrylic acid) with narrow polydispersity by RAFT polymerization. (cornell.edu)
- Iniferter-mediated surface-initiated photopolymerization was used to graft poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) brush layers obtained from surface-attached iniferters in self-assembled monolayers to a gold surface. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
- In the present work, Escherichia coli (E. coli) inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPase) and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) were attached together to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), forming AuNP-PPase-PMAA conjugates having controllable multi-biofunctionalities and responsiveness to pH. (mcmaster.ca)
- ISO 16402:2008 applies to resin cements based on poly(methacrylic acid esters) and specifies the procedure for determining the fatigue behaviour of the polymerized cement. (csagroup.org)
- IMARC Group's report, titled " Methacrylic Acid Manufacturing Plant Project Report 2024: Industry Trends, Plant Setup, Machinery, Raw Materials, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue" provides a complete roadmap for setting up a methacrylic acid manufacturing plant. (imarcgroup.com)
- Methacrylic acid (MAA) is a colorless, corrosive, and pungent organic acid with the chemical formula CH2=C(CH3) COOH. (imarcgroup.com)
- Methacrylic acid (MAA) has a boiling point of 161 °C, a melting point of 16.5 °C, and a density of 1.02 g/cm³. (imarcgroup.com)
- It is soluble in warm water and miscible with most organic solvents.MAA is a highly reactive compound that readily polymerizes to form a range of polymeric materials such as poly (methacrylic acid) and poly (methyl methacrylate), which are widely used in a variety of applications such as medical implants, automotive components, and optical lenses. (imarcgroup.com)
- The report provides insights into the landscape of the methacrylic acid industry at the global level. (imarcgroup.com)
- The report also provides a segment-wise and region-wise breakup of the global methacrylic acid industry. (imarcgroup.com)
- Additionally, it also provides the price analysis of feedstocks used in the manufacturing of methacrylic acid, along with the industry profit margins. (imarcgroup.com)
- The report also provides detailed information related to the process flow and various unit operations involved in a methacrylic acid manufacturing plant. (imarcgroup.com)
- Amphiphilic anionic and cationic graft copolymers possessing poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) backbone and poly(methacrylic acid), poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate-co-methacrylic acid), and poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate-co-2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) grafts are constructed by merging reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, copper-mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), and a selective deprotection reaction. (dtu.dk)
- Then ATRP of the corresponding monomers followed by deblocking reaction leads to well-defined amphiphiles with narrow molecular weight distributions (PDI ≤ 1.29) and varying content of methacrylic acid. (dtu.dk)
- The methyl esters of methacrylic acid that polymerize easily and are used as tissue cements, dental materials, and absorbent for biological substances. (ouhsc.edu)
- Influencing Mechanism of Methacrylic Acid on the Redispersion Properties of Redispersible Polymer Powders [J]. Acta Phys. (pku.edu.cn)
- Fluorescence Properties of N -vinylcarbazole Labeled Methacrylic Acid-Acenaphthylene Copolymers [J]. Acta Phys. (pku.edu.cn)
- Complexation between Poly(methacrylic acid) and Cationically Modified Polyacrylamide [J]. Acta Phys. (pku.edu.cn)
- The 2-micrometer cubes are made of layers of cross-linked poly(methacrylic acid) formed on a porous scaffold that is then removed. (rdworldonline.com)
- Poly(methacrylic acid) is non-toxic and is biocompatible for clinical use. (rdworldonline.com)
- The synthesis of dye-labeled poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) grafted silica nanoparticles was studied with two methods. (sc.edu)
- Additionally, as a more straightforward strategy, direct polymerization of methacrylic acid on silica nanoparticles with a diameter size as small as 15 nm was conducted via the RAFT polymerization technique. (sc.edu)
- PMAA brushes were prepared on the magnetic nanoparticles with an average diameter size as small as 10 nm via surface-initiated RAFT polymerization of methacrylic acid while maintaining good dispersibility in solutions. (sc.edu)
Poly1
- Synthesis, Characterization and Micellization of Poly(acrylic acid)-g-Octylphenyl Polyoxylethylene Ether [J]. Acta Phys. (pku.edu.cn)
Methacrylate1
- Various branched polymers were synthesized through in situ radical polymerization of acrylic acid, maleic anhydride and polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (Mn=950 g/mol) in presence of nanosilica with different contents. (ac.ir)
Acrylates1
- Acrylates are derivatives of acrylic acid (the structural formula CH 2 =CHCO 2 H), including its salts and esters. (wellnessadvantage.com)
Carboxylic acid2
- Dye-labeled monolayer carboxylic acid coated silica nanoparticles with a range of graft densities were synthesized and the particles have strong fluorescence. (sc.edu)
- It was shown that when the commonly-used antibiotics, such as penicillin-G, were linked to carboxylic acid grafted silica nanoparticles, their bacteriocidal efficiencies were increased significantly, even to antibiotic-resistant MRSA. (sc.edu)
Urocanic Acid1
- Urocanic Acid is an imidazole compound . (wellnessadvantage.com)
Acrylic acid2
- In this parper, the decarboxylation reaction of acrylic acid in the singlet and triplet excited states were investigated by semi-empirical self-consistent-field molecular orbital method (AM1). (pku.edu.cn)
- AM1 Study of the Photodecarboxylation Reaction of Acrylic acid in the Gas Phase[J]. Acta Phys. (pku.edu.cn)
Nanoparticles1
- In the first method, "one-pot" click reactions between azide attached silica nanoparticles and alkyne functionalized molecules (alkyne based dye and 4-pentynoic acid) were used. (sc.edu)
Peptide1
- Chiral Studies Across the Spectrum of Polymer Science: From dilute solution to the glassy state, from liquid crystals to peptide nucleic acids, to viruses and most recently investigations of plant based method of control of arthropod disease vectors. (nyu.edu)
Sodium1
- Sodium caprate is a medium-chain fatty acid that occupies an ionized soluble says and shows detergent capacity at the pH value of the small intestine. (azolifesciences.com)
Stomach2
- A practical consequence proposed is that these gels may not reliably mediate pH sensitive swelling controlled release in oral applications, because the levels of buffer acids in the stomach (where swelling and release are expected to occur) generally cannot be controlled. (scialert.net)
- The drug-loaded cubes retained their integrity when exposed to a strong acid environment of pH 2, mimicking stomach conditions, and they showed increased permeability across an epithelial cell monolayer, compared to drug alone, which indicates a better chance of absorption for the drug-loaded hydrogel cubes from the gut. (rdworldonline.com)
Polymerization1
- A new RAFT agent, 4-cyanopentanoic acid N-pyrroledithiocarboxylate (CPDC) was invented for mediating the polymerization of N-vinylpyrrolidone. (sc.edu)
NICOTINE POLACRILEX1
- Nicotine Polacrilex is nicotine bound to an ion-exchange resin (polymethacrylic acids, such as Amberlite IRP64 or Purolite. (metalicchem.com)
Resin1
- Applies to radio-opaque and non-radio-opaque self-curing resin cements on polymethacrylic acid esters and specifies physical, mechanical, packaging and labelling requirements and appropriate test methods. (iso.org)
Polymeric1
- The first polymeric form of methacrylic acid was described in 1880 by Engelhorn and Fittig. (wikipedia.org)
Aqueous1
- Aqueous solution based on polymethacrylic acid homopolymer. (specialchem.com)
Biocompatible1
- K562, leukemia cell line) incubated with micromolar chloroauric acid solutions, a biocompatible molecular Au(III) species. (ens.fr)
Serum1
- MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell lines & materials MDA-MB-436 and MCF-7 cell lines were purchased from ATCC and cultured with Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine Rosmarinic acid serum and 1% penicillin-streptomycin remedy. (bioskinrevive.com)
Chloride1
- 1 2 (chloride salt) (DOTAP) and 1 2 (DOPC) Rosmarinic acid were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids. (bioskinrevive.com)
Membranes1
- The membranes were tested for metal and sulphate removal from acid mine drainage (AMD). (scielo.org.za)
Solution1
- Subcutaneous injections of millimolar chloroauric acid solution near xenograft tumors of the nude mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma or chronic myeloid leukemia led to efficient biosynthesis of fluorescent gold nanoclusters without significant dissemination to the surrounding normal tissues, hence allowing specific fluorescent self-bio-marking of the tumors. (ens.fr)
Deionized water1
- These substrates were 1st immersed in the polycationic remedy PAH (0.05M) for 15 mins then rinsed twice using two independent baths of deionized water at Rosmarinic acid pH Rosmarinic acid 3 to remove any excess. (bioskinrevive.com)
Presence1
- 2018). Equations 1 to 4 show the formation of acid drainage in the presence of air (oxygen), water and bacteria (Bwapwa et al. (scielo.org.za)
Cell1
- The tethered chains were subsequently functionalized with the cell-adhesive arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif. (ibecbarcelona.eu)