An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5)
A live vaccine containing attenuated poliovirus, types I, II, and III, grown in monkey kidney cell tissue culture, used for routine immunization of children against polio. This vaccine induces long-lasting intestinal and humoral immunity. Killed vaccine induces only humoral immunity. Oral poliovirus vaccine should not be administered to immunocompromised individuals or their household contacts. (Dorland, 28th ed)
A species of ENTEROVIRUS which is the causal agent of POLIOMYELITIS in humans. Three serotypes (strains) exist. Transmission is by the fecal-oral route, pharyngeal secretions, or mechanical vector (flies). Vaccines with both inactivated and live attenuated virus have proven effective in immunizing against the infection.
A suspension of formalin-inactivated poliovirus grown in monkey kidney cell tissue culture and used to prevent POLIOMYELITIS.
Vaccines used to prevent POLIOMYELITIS. They include inactivated (POLIOVIRUS VACCINE, INACTIVATED) and oral vaccines (POLIOVIRUS VACCINE, ORAL).
A syndrome characterized by new neuromuscular symptoms that occur at least 15 years after clinical stability has been attained in patients with a prior history of symptomatic poliomyelitis. Clinical features include new muscular weakness and atrophy of the limbs, bulbar innervated musculature, and muscles of respiration, combined with excessive fatigue, joint pain, and reduced stamina. The process is marked by slow progression and periods of stabilization. (From Ann NY Acad Sci 1995 May 25;753:68-80)
A general term most often used to describe severe or complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from the level of the cerebral cortex to the muscle fiber. This term may also occasionally refer to a loss of sensory function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p45)
A diminution of the skeletal muscle tone marked by a diminished resistance to passive stretching.
Organized services to administer immunization procedures in the prevention of various diseases. The programs are made available over a wide range of sites: schools, hospitals, public health agencies, voluntary health agencies, etc. They are administered to an equally wide range of population groups or on various administrative levels: community, municipal, state, national, international.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Afghanistan" is not a medical term and does not have a medical definition. It is a country located in South-Central Asia. If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health concerns, I would be happy to help answer those!
A republic in southern Africa, southwest of DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO and west of ZAMBIA. Its capital is Luanda.
Administration of vaccines to stimulate the host's immune response. This includes any preparation intended for active immunological prophylaxis.
Termination of all transmission of infection by global extermination of the infectious agent through surveillance and containment (From Porta, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 5th ed).
Ongoing scrutiny of a population (general population, study population, target population, etc.), generally using methods distinguished by their practicability, uniformity, and frequently their rapidity, rather than by complete accuracy.
Schedule giving optimum times usually for primary and/or secondary immunization.
A disease caused by tetanospasmin, a powerful protein toxin produced by CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI. Tetanus usually occurs after an acute injury, such as a puncture wound or laceration. Generalized tetanus, the most common form, is characterized by tetanic muscular contractions and hyperreflexia. Localized tetanus presents itself as a mild condition with manifestations restricted to muscles near the wound. It may progress to the generalized form.
The geographical area of Asia comprising KAZAKHSTAN; KYRGYZSTAN; TAJIKISTAN; TURKMENISTAN; and UZBEKISTAN. The desert region of Kara Kum (Qara Qum) is largely in Turkmenistan and the desert region of Kyzyl Kum (Kizil Kum or Qizil Qum), is in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p233, 590, 636)
Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS.
The MEDITERRANEAN SEA, the MEDITERRANEAN ISLANDS, and the countries bordering on the sea collectively.
A genus of the family PICORNAVIRIDAE whose members preferentially inhabit the intestinal tract of a variety of hosts. The genus contains many species. Newly described members of human enteroviruses are assigned continuous numbers with the species designated "human enterovirus".
A localized infection of mucous membranes or skin caused by toxigenic strains of CORYNEBACTERIUM DIPHTHERIAE. It is characterized by the presence of a pseudomembrane at the site of infection. DIPHTHERIA TOXIN, produced by C. diphtheriae, can cause myocarditis, polyneuritis, and other systemic toxic effects.
A form of paralytic poliomyelitis affecting neurons of the MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the brain stem. Clinical features include impaired respiration, HYPERTENSION, alterations of vasomotor control, and dysphagia. Weakness and atrophy of the limbs and trunk due to spinal cord involvement is usually associated. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p765)
The formaldehyde-inactivated toxin of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. It is generally used in mixtures with TETANUS TOXOID and PERTUSSIS VACCINE; (DTP); or with tetanus toxoid alone (DT for pediatric use and Td, which contains 5- to 10-fold less diphtheria toxoid, for other use). Diphtheria toxoid is used for the prevention of diphtheria; DIPHTHERIA ANTITOXIN is for treatment.
The general name for NORTH AMERICA; CENTRAL AMERICA; and SOUTH AMERICA unspecified or combined.
The concept pertaining to the health status of inhabitants of the world.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Albania" is not a medical term and does not have a medical definition. It is a country located in Southeastern Europe, known for its rich history, diverse culture, and beautiful landscapes. If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health-related topics, I would be happy to help answer them!
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Pakistan" is a country located in South Asia and it does not have a medical definition. If you have any medical question or term that you would like me to define, please provide it and I will be happy to help.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Tajikistan" is not a medical term and does not have a medical definition; it is the name of a country located in Central Asia, officially known as the Republic of Tajikistan.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "India" is not a medical term that can be defined in a medical context. It is a geographical location, referring to the Republic of India, a country in South Asia. If you have any questions related to medical topics or definitions, I would be happy to help with those!
The geographical area of Asia comprising BORNEO; BRUNEI; CAMBODIA; INDONESIA; LAOS; MALAYSIA; the MEKONG VALLEY; MYANMAR (formerly Burma), the PHILIPPINES; SINGAPORE; THAILAND; and VIETNAM.
A specialized agency of the United Nations designed as a coordinating authority on international health work; its aim is to promote the attainment of the highest possible level of health by all peoples.
Somalia is located on the east coast of Africa on and north of the Equator and, with Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, and Kenya, is often referred to as the Horn of Africa. It comprises Italy's former Trust Territory of Somalia and the former British Protectorate of Somaliland. The capital is Mogadishu.
Wooden or metal staffs designed to aid a person in walking. (UMDNS,1999)
A species ARTERIVIRUS, occurring in a number of transplantable mouse tumors. Infected mice have permanently elevated serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase.
A species of ENTEROVIRUS infecting humans and containing 11 serotypes, all coxsackieviruses.
WHO regional office for the Americas acting as a coordinating agency for the improvement of health conditions in the hemisphere. The four main functions are: control or eradication of communicable diseases, strengthening of national and local health services, education and training, and research.
Created as a republic in 1918 by Czechs and Slovaks from territories formerly part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The country split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia 1 January 1993.
A vaccine consisting of DIPHTHERIA TOXOID; TETANUS TOXOID; and whole-cell PERTUSSIS VACCINE. The vaccine protects against diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough.
Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.
Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
A country in northeastern Africa. The capital is Khartoum.
The geographical area of Africa comprising ANGOLA; BOTSWANA; LESOTHO; MALAWI; MOZAMBIQUE; NAMIBIA; SOUTH AFRICA; SWAZILAND; ZAMBIA; and ZIMBABWE.

Cluster survey evaluation of coverage and risk factors for failure to be immunized during the 1995 National Immunization Days in Egypt. (1/1057)

BACKGROUND: In 1995, Egypt continued to experience endemic wild poliovirus transmission despite achieving high routine immunization coverage with at least three doses of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV3) and implementing National Immunization Days (NIDs) annually for several years. METHODS: Parents of 4188 children in 3216 households throughout Egypt were surveyed after the second round of the 1995 NIDs. RESULTS: Nationwide, 74% of children are estimated to have received both NID doses, 17% one NID dose, and 9% neither NID dose. Previously unimmunized (47%) or partially immunized (64%) children were less likely to receive two NID doses of OPV than were fully immunized children (76%) (P < 0.001). Other risk factors nationwide for failure to receive NID OPV included distance from residence to nearest NID site >10 minute walk (P < 0.001), not being informed about the NID at least one day in advance (P < 0.001), and residing in a household which does not watch television (P < 0.001). Based on these findings, subsequent NIDs in Egypt were modified to improve coverage, which has resulted in a marked decrease in the incidence of paralytic poliomyelitis in Egypt. CONCLUSIONS: In selected situations, surveys can provide important information that is useful for planning future NIDs.  (+info)

Perspectives from the global poliomyelitis eradication initiative. (2/1057)

Ten years after the year 2000 target was set by the World Health Assembly, the global poliomyelitis eradication effort has made significant progress towards that goal. The success of the initiative is built on political commitment within the endemic countries. A partnership of international organizations and donor countries works to support the work of the countries. Interagency coordinating committees are used to ensure that all country needs are met and to avoid duplication of donor effort. Private sector support has greatly expanded the resources available at both the national and international level. At the programmatic level, rapid implementation of surveillance is the key to success, but the difficulty of building effective surveillance programmes is often underestimated. Mass immunization campaigns must be carefully planned with resources mobilized well in advance. Programme strategies should be simple, clear and concise. While improvements in strategy and technology should be continuously sought, changes should be introduced only after careful consideration. Careful consideration should be given in the planning phases of a disease control initiative on how the initiative can be used to support other health initiatives.  (+info)

Poliomyelitis in intraspinally inoculated poliovirus receptor transgenic mice. (3/1057)

Mice transgenic with the human poliovirus receptor gene develop clinical signs and neuropathology similar to those of human poliomyelitis when neurovirulent polioviruses are inoculated into the central nervous system (CNS). Factors contributing to disease severity and the frequencies of paralysis and mortality include the poliovirus strain, dose, and gender of the mouse inoculated. The more neurovirulent the virus, as defined by monkey challenge results, the higher the rate of paralysis, mortality, and severity of disease. Also, the time to disease onset is shorter for more neurovirulent viruses. Male mice are more susceptible to polioviruses than females. TGM-PRG-3 mice have a 10-fold higher transgene copy number and produce 3-fold more receptor RNA and protein levels in the CNS than TGM-PRG-1 mice. CNS inoculations with type III polioviruses differing in relative neurovirulence show that these mouse lines are similar in disease frequency and severity, demonstrating that differences in receptor gene dosage and concomitant receptor abundance do not affect susceptibility to infection. However, there is a difference in the rate of accumulation of clinical signs. The time to onset of disease is shorter for TGM-PRG-3 than TGM-PRG-1 mice. Thus, receptor dosage affects the rate of appearance of poliomyelitis in these mice.  (+info)

Progress toward poliomyelitis eradication--Pakistan, 1994-1998. (4/1057)

Since the 1988 World Health Assembly resolution to eradicate poliomyelitis by 2000, polio cases reported globally have decreased by approximately 85%. Despite a strong commitment to polio eradication, polio remains endemic in Pakistan. In 1997, Pakistan reported 1147 polio cases, representing widespread poliovirus circulation nationally and constituting 22% of cases reported worldwide. However, surveillance and laboratory data from 1998 indicate that previous widespread poliovirus circulation was geographically localized for the first time. This report describes polio eradication activities in Pakistan, including the impact of routine and supplementary vaccination on polio incidence.  (+info)

Congo polio immunisation campaign gets go ahead.(5/1057)

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Paralytic poliomyelitis associated with live oral poliomyelitis vaccine in child with HIV infection in Zimbabwe: case report. (6/1057)

OBJECTIVE: To describe a complication of oral vaccination with live, attenuated poliomyelitis virus in a child infected with HIV. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Teaching hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe. SUBJECTS: A boy of 41/2 years and his mother. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Results of clinical and laboratory investigations. RESULTS: Two weeks after receiving the second dose of oral poliomyelitis vaccine during national immunisation days the child developed paralysis of the right leg. He had a high titre of antibodies against poliovirus type 2, as well as antibodies against HIV-1, a low CD4 count, a ratio of CD4 to CD8 count of 0.47, and hypergammaglobulinaemia. He did not have any antibodies against diphtheria, tetanus, or poliovirus types 1 and 3, although he had been given diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis and oral polio vaccines during his first year and a booster of the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccine at 24 months. He had no clinical symptoms of AIDS, but his mother had AIDS and tuberculosis. CONCLUSION: Paralytic poliomyelitis in this child with HIV infection was caused by poliovirus type 2 after oral poliomyelitis vaccine.  (+info)

A double-selective tissue culture system for isolation of wild-type poliovirus from sewage applied in a long-term environmental surveillance. (7/1057)

We describe a simple, cost-efficient, double-selective method for isolation of wild-type poliovirus from sewage samples containing vaccine polioviruses and other enteroviruses, with a detection limit of 18 to 50 PFU per 1 to 2 liters of sewage. By this method we were able to process 1,700 sewage samples collected between 1991 and 1996, from which 10,472 plaques were isolated, 41 of them being identified as wild-type polioviruses.  (+info)

Impact of national immunization days on polio-related knowledge and practice of urban women in Bangladesh. (8/1057)

Bangladesh began to hold National Immunization Days (NIDs) from 1995 as part of the country's goal to eradicate poliomyelitis by the turn of the century. The NIDs brought together government agencies, the media, voluntary organisations and individual volunteers in social mobilization and service delivery activities. This paper assesses the impact of the first two polio NIDs in terms of the immunization coverage and change in knowledge about the disease among women living in Dhaka city, the capital of the country. Data were collected through pre- and post-NID cross-sectional surveys in a sample of one area of Dhaka city which included slum and non-slum households. Knowledge data were collected from 525 women with at least one child aged less than five years. The oral polio vaccine (OPV) coverage during NIDs was obtained from 720 children. Knowledge of polio as a vaccine preventable disease increased after NIDs among both slum and non-slum women. The knowledge gap between the two groups was significantly reduced. Field workers, who regularly visit women at their homes to promote health and family planning services, were the main source of information for the slum women while television was cited as the most important source of information by non-slum women. The study revealed that 88% of children under five years received at least one dose of oral polio vaccine (OPV) during NIDs, and 67% received two stipulated doses with no significant differences between slum (65%) and non-slum (69%) groups. In addition, 68% of the children contacted during the NIDs were given vitamin A supplementation. The study suggests that strategies like NID can be effectively used to tap into community resources and to generate political commitments for health programmes.  (+info)

Poliomyelitis, also known as polio, is a highly infectious disease caused by a virus that invades the body through the mouth, usually from contaminated water or food. The virus multiplies in the intestine and can invade the nervous system, causing paralysis.

The medical definition of Poliomyelitis includes:

1. An acute viral infection caused by the poliovirus.
2. Characterized by inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord (poliomyelitis), leading to muscle weakness, and in some cases, paralysis.
3. The disease primarily affects children under 5 years of age.
4. Transmission occurs through the fecal-oral route or, less frequently, by respiratory droplets.
5. The virus enters the body via the mouth, multiplies in the intestines, and can invade the nervous system.
6. There are three types of poliovirus (types 1, 2, and 3), each capable of causing paralytic polio.
7. Infection with one type does not provide immunity to the other two types.
8. The disease has no cure, but vaccination can prevent it.
9. Two types of vaccines are available: inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV).
10. Rare complications of OPV include vaccine-associated paralytic polio (VAPP) and circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs).

Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral (OPV) is a vaccine used to prevent poliomyelitis (polio). It contains live attenuated (weakened) polioviruses, which stimulate an immune response in the body and provide protection against all three types of wild, infectious polioviruses. OPV is given by mouth, usually in drops, and it replicates in the gastrointestinal tract, where it induces a strong immune response. This response not only protects the individual who receives the vaccine but also helps to stop the spread of poliovirus in the community, providing indirect protection (herd immunity) to those who are not vaccinated. OPV is safe, effective, and easy to administer, making it an important tool for global polio eradication efforts. However, due to the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic polio (VAPP), inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is recommended for routine immunization in some countries.

Poliovirus is a human enterovirus, specifically a type of picornavirus, that is the causative agent of poliomyelitis (polio). It is a small, non-enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus. There are three serotypes of Poliovirus (types 1, 2 and 3) which can cause different degrees of severity in the disease. The virus primarily spreads through the fecal-oral route and infects the gastrointestinal tract, from where it can invade the nervous system and cause paralysis.

The Poliovirus has an icosahedral symmetry, with a diameter of about 30 nanometers. It contains a single stranded RNA genome which is encapsidated in a protein shell called capsid. The capsid is made up of 60 units of four different proteins (VP1, VP2, VP3 and VP4).

Poliovirus has been eradicated from most countries of the world through widespread vaccination with inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) or oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). However, it still remains endemic in a few countries and is considered a major public health concern.

Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated (IPV) is a vaccine used to prevent poliomyelitis (polio), a highly infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. IPV contains inactivated (killed) polioviruses of all three poliovirus types. It works by stimulating an immune response in the body, but because the viruses are inactivated, they cannot cause polio. After vaccination, the immune system recognizes and responds to the inactivated viruses, producing antibodies that protect against future infection with wild, or naturally occurring, polioviruses. IPV is typically given as an injection in the leg or arm, and a series of doses are required for full protection. It is a safe and effective way to prevent polio and its complications.

Poliovirus vaccines are preparations used for active immunization against poliomyelitis, a highly infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. The two types of poliovirus vaccines available are:

1. Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (IPV): This vaccine contains inactivated (killed) poliovirus strains of all three serotypes. IPV is typically administered through an injection, usually in combination with other vaccines. It provides a strong immune response and does not carry the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic polio (VAPP), which is a rare but serious adverse event associated with the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV).

2. Oral Poliovirus Vaccine (OPV): This vaccine contains live attenuated (weakened) poliovirus strains of all three serotypes. OPV is administered orally and induces both humoral and intestinal immunity, which helps prevent the spread of the virus in a community. However, there is a small risk of VAPP associated with this vaccine, especially after multiple doses. In rare cases, the weakened virus can revert to its virulent form and cause paralytic polio in the vaccinated individual or their close contacts.

Both IPV and OPV have been instrumental in global efforts to eradicate polio. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends using IPV in routine immunization programs, while using OPV during supplementary immunization activities in areas with a high risk of poliovirus transmission.

Post-poliomyelitis syndrome (PPS) is a condition that affects polio survivors years after recovery from the initial acute poliomyelitis infection. The symptoms of PPS include new onset weakness, fatigue, and pain in the muscles that were previously affected by the poliovirus. These symptoms can occur gradually or suddenly, and they may be worsened by exercise or other physical stressors.

PPS is thought to be caused by ongoing degeneration of the enlarged motor neurons that survived the initial polio infection. It is estimated that up to 50% of polio survivors may experience symptoms of PPS. While there is no cure for PPS, treatment typically focuses on managing symptoms and maintaining function through physical therapy, assistive devices, and pain management strategies.

Paralysis is a loss of muscle function in part or all of your body. It can be localized, affecting only one specific area, or generalized, impacting multiple areas or even the entire body. Paralysis often occurs when something goes wrong with the way messages pass between your brain and muscles. In most cases, paralysis is caused by damage to the nervous system, especially the spinal cord. Other causes include stroke, trauma, infections, and various neurological disorders.

It's important to note that paralysis doesn't always mean a total loss of movement or feeling. Sometimes, it may just cause weakness or numbness in the affected area. The severity and extent of paralysis depend on the underlying cause and the location of the damage in the nervous system.

Muscle hypotonia, also known as decreased muscle tone, refers to a condition where the muscles appear to be flaccid or lacking in tension and stiffness. This results in reduced resistance to passive movements, making the limbs feel "floppy" or "like a rag doll." It can affect any muscle group in the body and can be caused by various medical conditions, including neurological disorders, genetic diseases, and injuries to the nervous system. Hypotonia should not be confused with muscle weakness, which refers to the inability to generate normal muscle strength.

Immunization programs, also known as vaccination programs, are organized efforts to administer vaccines to populations or communities in order to protect individuals from vaccine-preventable diseases. These programs are typically implemented by public health agencies and involve the planning, coordination, and delivery of immunizations to ensure that a high percentage of people are protected against specific infectious diseases.

Immunization programs may target specific age groups, such as infants and young children, or populations at higher risk of certain diseases, such as travelers, healthcare workers, or individuals with weakened immune systems. The goals of immunization programs include controlling and eliminating vaccine-preventable diseases, reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with these diseases, and protecting vulnerable populations from outbreaks and epidemics.

Immunization programs may be delivered through a variety of settings, including healthcare facilities, schools, community centers, and mobile clinics. They often involve partnerships between government agencies, healthcare providers, non-governmental organizations, and communities to ensure that vaccines are accessible, affordable, and acceptable to the populations they serve. Effective immunization programs require strong leadership, adequate funding, robust data systems, and ongoing monitoring and evaluation to assess their impact and identify areas for improvement.

'Afghanistan' is a country and not a medical term or condition. It is located in Central Asia and is bordered by Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, China, and the Arabian Sea. The country has a complex history with ongoing political and security challenges. If you are looking for information related to medical tourism or healthcare in Afghanistan, I can provide some general insights. However, please note that the medical facilities and services in Afghanistan may not be comparable to those in developed countries due to various factors such as infrastructure, resources, and expertise.

I'm not aware of any medical definitions associated with the term "Angola." Angola is a country located in Southern Africa, known officially as the Republic of Angola. It does not have any specific relevance to medical terminology or healthcare. If you have more context or information about why you are looking for a medical definition of Angola, I may be able to provide a more helpful response.

Vaccination is a simple, safe, and effective way to protect people against harmful diseases, before they come into contact with them. It uses your body's natural defenses to build protection to specific infections and makes your immune system stronger.

A vaccination usually contains a small, harmless piece of a virus or bacteria (or toxins produced by these germs) that has been made inactive or weakened so it won't cause the disease itself. This piece of the germ is known as an antigen. When the vaccine is introduced into the body, the immune system recognizes the antigen as foreign and produces antibodies to fight it.

If a person then comes into contact with the actual disease-causing germ, their immune system will recognize it and immediately produce antibodies to destroy it. The person is therefore protected against that disease. This is known as active immunity.

Vaccinations are important for both individual and public health. They prevent the spread of contagious diseases and protect vulnerable members of the population, such as young children, the elderly, and people with weakened immune systems who cannot be vaccinated or for whom vaccination is not effective.

Disease eradication is the complete and permanent elimination of a specific disease from all humans or animals worldwide. This is achieved through various methods, including vaccination programs, improved sanitation, and public health measures. The disease is no longer present in any form, and there is no risk of it re-emerging. Smallpox is the only human disease to have been successfully eradicated so far. Efforts are currently underway to eradicate polio, with significant progress made but still ongoing.

Population surveillance in a public health and medical context refers to the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of health-related data for a defined population over time. It aims to monitor the health status, identify emerging health threats or trends, and evaluate the impact of interventions within that population. This information is used to inform public health policy, prioritize healthcare resources, and guide disease prevention and control efforts. Population surveillance can involve various data sources, such as vital records, disease registries, surveys, and electronic health records.

An immunization schedule is a series of planned dates when a person, usually a child, should receive specific vaccines in order to be fully protected against certain preventable diseases. The schedule is developed based on scientific research and recommendations from health organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

The immunization schedule outlines which vaccines are recommended, the number of doses required, the age at which each dose should be given, and the minimum amount of time that must pass between doses. The schedule may vary depending on factors such as the individual's age, health status, and travel plans.

Immunization schedules are important for ensuring that individuals receive timely protection against vaccine-preventable diseases, and for maintaining high levels of immunity in populations, which helps to prevent the spread of disease. It is important to follow the recommended immunization schedule as closely as possible to ensure optimal protection.

Tetanus is a serious bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. The bacteria are found in soil, dust and manure and can enter the body through wounds, cuts or abrasions, particularly if they're not cleaned properly. The bacterium produces a toxin that affects the nervous system, causing muscle stiffness and spasms, often beginning in the jaw and face (lockjaw) and then spreading to the rest of the body.

Tetanus can be prevented through vaccination, and it's important to get vaccinated if you haven't already or if your immunization status is not up-to-date. If tetanus is suspected, medical attention should be sought immediately, as it can be a life-threatening condition if left untreated. Treatment typically involves administering tetanus immune globulin (TIG) to neutralize the toxin and antibiotics to kill the bacteria, as well as supportive care such as wound cleaning and management, and in some cases, mechanical ventilation may be necessary to assist with breathing.

Central Asia is a geographical region in Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east, and from Russia in the north to Afghanistan in the south. It includes the former Soviet republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.

The medical definition of Central Asia may refer to the epidemiology, healthcare systems, or health issues specific to this region. For example, Central Asia has a high prevalence of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, hepatitis, and HIV/AIDS, due to various factors including poverty, lack of access to healthcare, and mobility of populations. In addition, non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes are also becoming more prevalent in Central Asia, partly due to lifestyle changes such as unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, and tobacco use.

Overall, the medical definition of Central Asia encompasses the unique health challenges and healthcare systems that exist within this geographical region.

A disease outbreak is defined as the occurrence of cases of a disease in excess of what would normally be expected in a given time and place. It may affect a small and localized group or a large number of people spread over a wide area, even internationally. An outbreak may be caused by a new agent, a change in the agent's virulence or host susceptibility, or an increase in the size or density of the host population.

Outbreaks can have significant public health and economic impacts, and require prompt investigation and control measures to prevent further spread of the disease. The investigation typically involves identifying the source of the outbreak, determining the mode of transmission, and implementing measures to interrupt the chain of infection. This may include vaccination, isolation or quarantine, and education of the public about the risks and prevention strategies.

Examples of disease outbreaks include foodborne illnesses linked to contaminated food or water, respiratory infections spread through coughing and sneezing, and mosquito-borne diseases such as Zika virus and West Nile virus. Outbreaks can also occur in healthcare settings, such as hospitals and nursing homes, where vulnerable populations may be at increased risk of infection.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Mediterranean Region" is not a term with a specific medical definition. The Mediterranean Region typically refers to the geographical area surrounding the Mediterranean Sea, including countries in Southern Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia. However, in a medical context, it might refer to the study of diseases or health characteristics typical of certain populations in this region. For example, the "Mediterranean diet" is a popular term in nutrition and medicine, referring to the traditional eating habits in Mediterranean countries, which are associated with numerous health benefits. If you're looking for medical information related to a specific aspect of the Mediterranean Region or its population, please provide more context so I can give you a more accurate response.

An enterovirus is a type of virus that primarily infects the gastrointestinal tract. There are over 100 different types of enteroviruses, including polioviruses, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, and newer enteroviruses such as EV-D68 and EV-A71. These viruses are typically spread through close contact with an infected person, or by consuming food or water contaminated with the virus.

While many people infected with enteroviruses may not experience any symptoms, some may develop mild to severe illnesses such as hand, foot and mouth disease, herpangina, meningitis, encephalitis, myocarditis, and paralysis (in case of poliovirus). Infection can occur in people of all ages, but young children are more susceptible to infection and severe illness.

Prevention measures include practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands frequently with soap and water, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and not sharing food or drinks with someone who is ill. There are also vaccines available to prevent poliovirus infection.

Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. It typically affects the respiratory system, including the nose, throat, and windpipe (trachea), causing a thick gray or white membrane to form over the lining of these areas. This can lead to breathing difficulties, heart complications, and neurological problems if left untreated.

The bacteria can also produce a powerful toxin that can cause damage to other organs in the body. Diphtheria is usually spread through respiratory droplets from an infected person's cough or sneeze, or by contact with contaminated objects or surfaces. The disease is preventable through vaccination.

Poliomyelitis, bulbar: A form of poliomyelitis (polio) caused by the poliovirus, which affects the bulbar region of the brain. The bulbar region is responsible for controlling vital functions such as breathing, swallowing, and speaking. In bulbar polio, the virus attacks the nerves in this area, leading to inflammation and damage. This can result in severe symptoms, including paralysis of the muscles used for breathing, swallowing, and talking. In some cases, bulbar polio can be fatal due to respiratory failure or other complications. Fortunately, polio is now a vaccine-preventable disease, and widespread vaccination campaigns have led to its near-eradication in many parts of the world.

Diphtheria toxoid is a modified form of the diphtheria toxin that has been made harmless but still stimulates an immune response. It is used in vaccines to provide immunity against diphtheria, a serious bacterial infection that can cause breathing difficulties, heart failure, and paralysis. The toxoid is typically combined with other components in a vaccine, such as tetanus toxoid and pertussis vaccine, to form a combination vaccine that protects against multiple diseases.

The diphtheria toxoid is made by treating the diphtheria toxin with formaldehyde, which modifies the toxin's structure and makes it nontoxic while still retaining its ability to stimulate an immune response. When the toxoid is introduced into the body through vaccination, the immune system recognizes it as a foreign substance and produces antibodies against it. These antibodies then provide protection against future infections with the diphtheria bacteria.

The diphtheria toxoid vaccine is usually given as part of a routine childhood immunization schedule, starting at 2 months of age. Booster shots are recommended throughout childhood and adolescence, and adults may also need booster shots if they have not received them previously or if their immune status has changed.

The "Americas" is a term used to refer to the combined landmasses of North America and South America, which are separated by the Isthmus of Panama. The Americas also include numerous islands in the Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean, and Pacific Ocean. This region is home to a diverse range of cultures, ecosystems, and historical sites. It is named after the Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci, who was one of the first Europeans to explore and map parts of South America in the late 15th century.

"World Health" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. However, it is often used in the context of global health, which can be defined as:

"The area of study, research and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide. It emphasizes trans-national health issues, determinants, and solutions; involves many disciplines within and beyond the health sciences and engages stakeholders from across sectors and societies." (World Health Organization)

Therefore, "world health" could refer to the overall health status and health challenges faced by populations around the world. It encompasses a broad range of factors that affect the health of individuals and communities, including social, economic, environmental, and political determinants. The World Health Organization (WHO) plays a key role in monitoring and promoting global health, setting international standards and guidelines, and coordinating responses to global health emergencies.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but the term "Albania" does not have a medical definition. Albania is a country located in southeastern Europe, known officially as the Republic of Albania. It is bordered by Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, North Macedonia to the east, and Greece to the south and southeast. Its capital and largest city is Tirana. If you have any questions about medical topics or definitions, I'd be happy to try to help answer them for you!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Pakistan" is a country in South Asia and not a medical term or condition. If you have any medical questions or terms you would like defined, I would be happy to help!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Tajikistan" is not a medical term. It is the name of a country located in Central Asia. Tajikistan is a sovereign state, bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. The capital city of Tajikistan is Dushanbe. If you have any questions about medical topics or terminology, I would be happy to help answer those for you.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "India" is not a medical term or concept. It is a country in South Asia, the second-most populous country in the world, known for its rich history, diverse culture, and numerous contributions to various fields including medicine. If you have any questions related to medical topics, I would be happy to help answer them!

Southeast Asia is a geographical region that consists of the countries that are located at the southeastern part of the Asian continent. The definition of which countries comprise Southeast Asia may vary, but it generally includes the following 11 countries:

* Brunei
* Cambodia
* East Timor (Timor-Leste)
* Indonesia
* Laos
* Malaysia
* Myanmar (Burma)
* Philippines
* Singapore
* Thailand
* Vietnam

Southeast Asia is known for its rich cultural diversity, with influences from Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity. The region is also home to a diverse range of ecosystems, including rainforests, coral reefs, and mountain ranges. In recent years, Southeast Asia has experienced significant economic growth and development, but the region still faces challenges related to poverty, political instability, and environmental degradation.

The World Health Organization (WHO) is not a medical condition or term, but rather a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. Here's a brief description:

The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that acts as the global authority on public health issues. Established in 1948, WHO's primary role is to coordinate and collaborate with its member states to promote health, prevent diseases, and ensure universal access to healthcare services. WHO is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, and has regional offices around the world. It plays a crucial role in setting global health standards, monitoring disease outbreaks, and providing guidance on various public health concerns, including infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases, mental health, environmental health, and maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Somalia" is not a medical term. It is a country located in the Horn of Africa. If you have any questions about medical terms or health-related topics, I would be happy to try and help answer them for you.

Crutches are medical devices that provide support and assistance for mobility, typically used by individuals who have difficulty walking or standing due to injury, illness, or disability. They help to reduce weight-bearing stress on the affected limb, improve balance, and increase stability during ambulation. Crutches can be either manually operated or designed with special features such as springs or shock absorbers to enhance comfort and functionality. Proper fit, adjustment, and usage of crutches are crucial for ensuring safety, preventing further injury, and promoting rehabilitation.

Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV) is an RNA virus that primarily infects mice. It is a member of the family Arteriviridae and is unique to murine species. LDV infection results in a persistent, chronic viremia without causing any overt signs of disease in the host. However, it is associated with a significant increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity due to virus-induced damage to infected cells.

The virus infects various tissues and cell types, including macrophages and hepatocytes, and establishes a persistent infection by evading the host's immune response. LDV has been widely used as a model system for studying viral pathogenesis, persistence, and immunosuppression in mice.

It is important to note that Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus is not known to infect humans or other primates, and it is primarily studied in the context of basic research on viral infections and the immune response.

Enterovirus C, Human (HEV-C) is a type of enterovirus that infects humans. Enteroviruses are small viruses that belong to the Picornaviridae family and consist of a single strand of RNA enclosed in a protein shell. They are named "enteroviruses" because they are typically found in the gastrointestinal tract and are transmitted through the fecal-oral route.

HEV-C includes several serotypes, such as Coxsackievirus A21, A24, B3, B5, and Echovirus 9, 11, 16, 30. These viruses can cause a range of illnesses, from mild symptoms like fever, rash, and sore throat to more severe diseases such as meningitis, encephalitis, myocarditis, and paralysis.

HEV-C infections are common worldwide, and they often occur in children and young adults. The viruses can be spread through respiratory droplets, contaminated food or water, and direct contact with infected individuals. In many cases, HEV-C infections may not cause any symptoms or only mild ones, but some people may develop severe illnesses that require hospitalization.

Prevention measures include practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands frequently, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and avoiding sharing food, drinks, or utensils with infected persons. There is no specific treatment for HEV-C infections, but supportive care can help manage symptoms and prevent complications.

The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) is the specialized international health agency for the Americas. It is an integral part of the United Nations system and functions as the regional office for the Americas of the World Health Organization (WHO). PAHO's mission is to promote equity in health, to combat disease, and to improve the quality of, and length of, life among the peoples of the Americas. It aims to provide technical cooperation and mobilize partnerships to help countries improve their health systems and services, with an emphasis on those most in need. The organization also works to strengthen national and local health institutions and mobilize partnerships for the implementation of effective public policies and actions to combat diseases and injuries.

Czechoslovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe that existed from October 28, 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until January 1, 1993. On that date, Czechoslovakia underwent a "velvet divorce" into two separate countries, the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

The medical definition of 'Czechoslovakia' is not applicable as it was a country and not a medical term or condition.

The Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis (DTaP) vaccine is a combination immunization that protects against three bacterial diseases: diphtheria, tetanus (lockjaw), and pertussis (whooping cough).

Diphtheria is an upper respiratory infection that can lead to breathing difficulties, heart failure, paralysis, or even death. Tetanus is a bacterial infection that affects the nervous system and causes muscle stiffness and spasms, leading to "lockjaw." Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory infection characterized by severe coughing fits, which can make it difficult to breathe and may lead to pneumonia, seizures, or brain damage.

The DTaP vaccine contains inactivated toxins (toxoids) from the bacteria that cause these diseases. It is typically given as a series of five shots, with doses administered at 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 15-18 months, and 4-6 years of age. The vaccine helps the immune system develop protection against the diseases without causing the actual illness.

It is important to note that there are other combination vaccines available that protect against these same diseases, such as DT (diphtheria and tetanus toxoids) and Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis), which contain higher doses of the diphtheria and pertussis components. These vaccines are recommended for different age groups and may be used as booster shots to maintain immunity throughout adulthood.

Antibodies, viral are proteins produced by the immune system in response to an infection with a virus. These antibodies are capable of recognizing and binding to specific antigens on the surface of the virus, which helps to neutralize or destroy the virus and prevent its replication. Once produced, these antibodies can provide immunity against future infections with the same virus.

Viral antibodies are typically composed of four polypeptide chains - two heavy chains and two light chains - that are held together by disulfide bonds. The binding site for the antigen is located at the tip of the Y-shaped structure, formed by the variable regions of the heavy and light chains.

There are five classes of antibodies in humans: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM. Each class has a different function and is distributed differently throughout the body. For example, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in the bloodstream and provides long-term immunity against viruses, while IgA is found primarily in mucous membranes and helps to protect against respiratory and gastrointestinal infections.

In addition to their role in the immune response, viral antibodies can also be used as diagnostic tools to detect the presence of a specific virus in a patient's blood or other bodily fluids.

Feces are the solid or semisolid remains of food that could not be digested or absorbed in the small intestine, along with bacteria and other waste products. After being stored in the colon, feces are eliminated from the body through the rectum and anus during defecation. Feces can vary in color, consistency, and odor depending on a person's diet, health status, and other factors.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Sudan" is not a medical term. It is a country located in Northeast Africa, known as the Sudan or Sudan proper, and the southern region that seceded to become South Sudan in 2011. If you have any medical terms you would like me to define, please let me know!

"Southern Africa" is a geographical region that includes several countries located in the southernmost part of the African continent. The specific countries that are included in this region can vary depending on the source, but it generally consists of Angola, Botswana, Eswatini (Swaziland), Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

In medical terms, "Southern Africa" may be used to describe the epidemiology, distribution, or prevalence of various diseases or health conditions in this specific region. For example, a study might examine the burden of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa, which has been disproportionately affected by this epidemic compared to other parts of the world. Similarly, researchers might investigate the prevalence of malaria or tuberculosis in Southern Africa, as these diseases are also significant public health challenges in this region.

It's worth noting that while "Southern Africa" is a useful geographical and medical designation, it does not encompass all of the countries on the African continent, and there can be significant variation in disease patterns and health outcomes within this region as well.

By 2004, cases of poliomyelitis in Africa had been reduced to just a small number of isolated regions in the western portion of ... "Poliomyelitis". World Health Organization (WHO). Archived from the original on 18 April 2017. Retrieved 25 April 2017. "GPEI- ... 2021). "Chapter 18: Poliomyelitis". Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (14th ed.). Washington D.C.: U. ... This resulted in the APHA arranging a Symposium on Poliomyelitis to be delivered at the Annual Meeting of their Southern Branch ...
"Poliomyelitis". www.who.int. Retrieved February 2, 2023. "Leveraging polio elimination strategies to contain COVID-19, disease ...
... (PPS, poliomyelitis sequelae) is a group of latent symptoms of poliomyelitis (polio), occurring at about a ... Poliomyelitis". Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (The Pink Book) (12th ed.). Washington DC: Public ... ISBN 978-0-446-52907-5. Maynard, F.M., & Headley, J.H. (Eds.) (1999). Handbook on the Late Effects of Poliomyelitis for ... Howard RS (June 2005). "Poliomyelitis and the postpolio syndrome". BMJ. 330 (7503): 1314-18. doi:10.1136/bmj.330.7503.1314. PMC ...
ISBN 978-0-470-02386-0. OCLC 124160564.[page needed] Acute Poliomyelitis at eMedicine Pediatric Poliomyelitis at eMedicine Yang ... Poliomyelitis is a disease of the central nervous system. However, CD155 is believed to be present on the surface of most or ... Paralytic poliomyelitis occurs in less than 1% of poliovirus infections. Paralytic disease occurs when the virus enters the ... March 2004). "A poliomyelitis model through mucosal infection in transgenic mice bearing human poliovirus receptor, TgPVR21". ...
The symptoms of poliomyelitis have been described by many names. In the early nineteenth century the disease was known ... Melnick JL (1990). Poliomyelitis. In: Tropical and Geographical Medicine (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill. pp. 558-76. ISBN 0-07-068328-X ... Perhaps the earliest recorded case of poliomyelitis is that of Sir Walter Scott. In 1773, Scott was said to have developed "a ... By 1950, the peak age incidence of paralytic poliomyelitis in the United States had shifted from infants to children aged 5 to ...
"Poliomyelitis (polio)". www.who.int. Archived from the original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2020. "GPEI-Two out of ... "Poliomyelitis eradication - Report by the Director-General" (PDF). Seventy-Fifth World Health Assembly. 6 May 2022: 5. {{cite ... On 27 March 2014, the WHO announced the eradication of poliomyelitis in the South-East Asia Region, in which the WHO includes ... "Poliomyelitis". World Health Organization (WHO). Archived from the original on 24 October 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2016. " ...
Poliomyelitis. Retrieved 21 June 2011. "Sixty-fourth World Health Assembly closes after passing multiple resolutions". Geneva: ...
"Poliomyelitis". WHO. WHO. 22 July 2019. Archived from the original on 17 October 2019. Retrieved 12 May 2020. Hamborsky J, ... 2015), "Poliomyelitis", Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (The Pink Book) (13th ed.), Washington DC: ...
By 2003, cases of poliomyelitis had been reduced to just a small number in isolated regions of West Africa, with sporadic cases ... 97-151 Rhodes AJ, Wood W, Duncan D (1955). "The present place of virus laboratory tests in the diagnosis of poliomyelitis, with ... Enders, John (1955). "The present status of tissue-culture techniques in the study of poliomyelitis viruses" (PDF). In Debré, R ... Hence, OPV not only prevents paralytic poliomyelitis, but also, when given in sufficient doses, can stop a threatening epidemic ...
Poliomyelitis (often simply called polio) is an acute viral infection that involves the gastrointestinal tract and occasionally ... 2007). "Chapter 8. Poliomyelitis" (PDF). Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (10th ed.). Public Health ... The second version attributes the affliction expressly to poliomyelitis at the age of four. What both explanations have in ... Alexander L, Watkins M, Alexander J (2005-2006). "Yellow Book, Chapter 4, Poliomyelitis". CDC. Archived from the original on 15 ...
"Pinkbook: Poliomyelitis , CDC". 17 August 2021. "Tuberculosis (TB)". World Health Organization. Retrieved 2018-11-12. "Latent ... Viral diseases such as hepatitis and poliomyelitis are frequently transmitted in this manner. "Healthy carriers" never exhibit ... Carriers of virulent strains spread polio, increasing the difficulty of poliomyelitis eradication. Tuberculosis (TB) is an ...
Seddon, H. J. (1953). "Review of Poliomyelitis by W. Ritchie Russell". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 35 (3): 510. doi: ... Seddon, H. J. (May 1957). "Review of Poliomyelitis (2nd edition) by W. Ritchie Russell". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery ... Poliomyelitis (1952); 2nd edition (1956) The Traumatic Amnesias (1971) Explaining the Brain (1975) Multiple Sclerosis: Control ...
Pakistan is one of the two countries in which poliomyelitis has not been eradicated. As of 2023,Pakistan and Afghanistan are ... "Poliomyelitis (polio)". www.who.int. Retrieved 19 September 2023. "Country Profiles (Pakistan)". World Health Organization. ... poliomyelitis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus and measles.With the passage of time several new vaccines were added. Vaccine ... poliomyelitis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, measles, diarrhea, pneumonia, hepatitis B, meningitis, typhoid, and rubella. ...
"WHO , Poliomyelitis (Polio)". www.who.int. Archived from the original on August 18, 2014. Retrieved 2015-11-04. John, T. Jacob ... Ahmed, Qanta A; Nishtar, Sania; Memish, Ziad A (May 2013). "Poliomyelitis in Pakistan: time for the Muslim world to step in". ... Pakistan is one of the two remaining countries in the world where poliomyelitis (polio) is still categorized as an endemic ... leading to a spike in poliomyelitis cases from 198 in 2011 to 306 cases in 2014. Many citizens of both the US and various other ...
"WHO , Poliomyelitis (Polio)". www.who.int. Archived from the original on August 18, 2014. Retrieved 2015-11-04. Hyder, A A; ... Pakistan is one of the two remaining countries in the world where poliomyelitis (polio) is still categorized as an endemic ... "Widespread Paralytic Poliomyelitis in Pakistan: A Case-Control Study to Determine Risk Factors and Implications for ... Poliomyelitis Eradication". Journal of Infectious Diseases. 182 (1): 6-11. doi:10.1086/315675. ISSN 0022-1899. PMID 10882575. ...
Clark did important research on poliomyelitis. He was elected in 1921 a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement ... Clark, Paul F.; Schindler, John; Roberts, David J. (1930). "Some Properties of Poliomyelitis Virus". Journal of Bacteriology. ... Flexner, Simon; Clark, Paul F.; Fraser, Francis R. (1913). "Epidemic Poliomyelitis". Journal of the American Medical ... Clark, Paul F.; Amoss, Harold L. (1914). "Intraspinous Infection in Experimental Poliomyelitis". Journal of Experimental ...
"Poliomyelitis Fact Sheet". WHO Media Centre. WHO. October 2011. Archived from the original on 18 April 2017. Retrieved 11 ... "Poliomyelitis (Polio)". "Tables on clinical evaluation of influenza vaccines". World Health Organization. Archived from the ...
Miller AH (July 1952). "Incidence of poliomyelitis; the effect of tonsillectomy and other operations on the nose and throat". ... for many of the indications used at that time as well as the suggestion of an increased risk of developing poliomyelitis after ...
Outbreak of poliomyelitis. 1938: South Australian Housing Trust completes first dwelling. 1938: 19 January: Major fire at ...
Bonney, Victor (27 December 1947). "Dogs and Poliomyelitis". British Medical Journal. 2 (4538): 1054. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4538. ...
Landsteiner, Karl; Popper, Erwin (1909). "Übertragung der Poliomyelitis acuta auf Affen" [Transmission of Poliomyelitis acuta ... Poliomyelitis does not affect any species other than humans. The disease is caused by infection with a member of the genus ... The term "poliomyelitis" is used to identify the disease caused by any of the three serotypes of poliovirus. Two basic patterns ... Poliomyelitis has existed for thousands of years, with depictions of the disease in ancient art. The disease was first ...
"Poliomyelitis research fellowship". The Times. London. 14 November 1959. p. 8. "Gil Merrick: England goalkeeper unfairly blamed ...
He had poliomyelitis. He retired at the Cokesbury Village retirement village in Hockessin, Delaware with his wife, where he ...
"Poliomyelitis in China". WPRO. Archived from the original on 2018-11-03. Retrieved 2019-01-06. "顾方舟". Peking Union Medical ...
"Oral Poliomyelitis Vaccine". Bacteriological Reviews. 25 (4): 383-388. doi:10.1128/br.25.4.383-388.1961. PMC 441121. PMID ...
Technical Consultative Group to the World Health Organization on the Global Eradication of Poliomyelitis (2002). ""Endgame" ... ISBN 978-0-262-01673-5. "Certification of Poliomyelitis Eradication". Fifteenth meeting of the European Regional Certification ... just after the World Health Assembly resolved to eradicate the disease poliomyelitis. Led by the World Health Organization, it ...
Their main areas of cooperation were in the study of scarlet fever and especially of poliomyelitis.: 365 With Karl Landsteiner ... He expanded on these studies during a poliomyelitis outbreak in Sweden (in 1913), working with Scandinavian researchers (among ... Paul, John R. (1971). A history of poliomyelitis. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300013245. OCLC 118817. " ... he demonstrated that poliomyelitis can be inoculated to superior monkeys (chimpanzee) and that this disease is caused by a ...
Prince Carlo (22 September 1905 - 26 September 1912); he died of poliomyelitis. Princess Maria Francesca (5 September 1906 - ...
"Tonsillectomy in experimental poliomyelitis." American Journal of Hygiene 48.1 (1948): 113-19. Melnick, Joseph L., and Herdis ... "A recent definition of poliomyelitis viruses." Virology 1.2 (1955): 185-9. Von Magnus, Herdis, et al. "Polio Vaccination in ... Seytre, Bernard; Shaffer, Mary (2004). The Death of a Disease: A History of the Eradication of Poliomyelitis. Rutgers ... "Comparative susceptibility of cynomolgus and other monkey species to poliomyelitis virus by the intracerebral and oral routes ...
Russell, V. (1957). "Herpes Zoster and Poliomyelitis". Br Med J. 1 (5034): 1532-1533. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5034.1532-e. PMC ...
Poliomyelitis. CDC Yellow Book 2024. Travel-Associated Infections & Diseases Author(s): Concepción Estívariz, Janell Routh, ... The incidence of poliomyelitis (polio) in the United States declined rapidly after the licensure of inactivated poliovirus ... In 2021, cVDPV serotypes 1 or 2 were isolated from 659 cases of poliomyelitis in 23 countries (data as of April 5, 2022). ... Countries that have low OPV coverage in routine immunization also are at risk of experiencing poliomyelitis cases and outbreaks ...
Poliomyelitis Chapter of Pinkbook: (Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases) ... Poliomyelitis Clinical Features. *Incubation period *3 to 6 days for nonparalytic poliomyelitis ... The incubation period for nonparalytic poliomyelitis is 3 to 6 days. For the onset of paralysis in paralytic poliomyelitis, the ... Poliomyelitis Eradication. *Mid-1950s-Widespread use of poliovirus vaccine. *1988-Polio paralyzed ~350,000 individuals per year ...
Poliomyelitis first occurred nearly 6000 years ago in the time of the ancient Egyptians. The evidence for this is in the ... encoded search term (Poliomyelitis) and Poliomyelitis What to Read Next on Medscape ... Poliomyelitis. Updated: Oct 27, 2022 * Author: Ashish S Ranade, MBBS, MS, FRCS(Glasg); Chief Editor: Jeffrey D Thomson, MD more ... Post-poliomyelitis syndrome: case report and review of the literature. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2005 Aug. 34 (7):447-9. [QxMD ...
... DSN: CC37.NHIS87.POLIO ABSTRACT See NHIS: Core to obtain genreral information on NHIS. RECORD LAYOUT ...
Outbreak of poliomyelitis---Iraq, 1999. MMWR 1999;48:858--9.. * CDC. Progress toward poliomyelitis eradication during armed ... Progress Toward Poliomyelitis Eradication --- Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1999--September 2000. In 1988, the Regional ... The Regional Commission for Certification of Poliomyelitis Eradication has reviewed national documentation of polio-free status ... adopted a resolution to eradicate poliomyelitis from the region by 2000. Since then, substantial progress has been made in ...
The Conference was organized by the National Committee for Eradication and Certification of Poliomyelitis and sponsored by ... Kuwait First International Conference on Poliomyelitis Eradication was held on 28-29 October 2014. Though Kuwait has been polio ... discuss the progress of poliomyelitis eradication in Kuwait.. The conference aimed to acquaint clinicians and health care ... The theme of the conference was "Moving forward to eradicate poliomyelitis". This reflects the ongoing commitment of the ...
Polio or Poliomyelitis is a viral disease which affects children. Polio is transmitted by person to person. Can be spread in ... Polio or Poliomyelitis is a viral disease which affects children. Polio is transmitted by person to person. Can be spread in ... Poliomyelitis was a highly infectious disease that spread through many Americans in the early 20th century. As a matter of fact ... Poliomyelitis (polio) is a disease that attacks the nervous tissue in the spinal cord and the brain stem resulting in paralysis ...
There is no more poliomyelitis in Russia, said Gennady Onishchenko, First Deputy Health Minister and Chief Sanitary Doctor of ... No more poliomyelitis in Russia, says Chief Sanitary doctor 18.06.2002 06:42 ... Onishchenko said that Russia is a country that is "as free of poliomyelitis as is the entire European region of the World ... "There is no more poliomyelitis in Russia," said Gennady Onishchenko, First Deputy Health Minister and Chief Sanitary Doctor of ...
Poliomyelitis Vaccine, 3 cc Poliomyelitis Vaccine, 3 cc. a" data-cycle-caption="#nmah-edan-caption" data-cycle-auto-height=" ...
Poliomyelitis (polio) is a highly contagious viral infection with a wide range of manifestations. Some patients are ... Poliomyelitis (polio) is a highly contagious viral infection with a wide range of manifestations. Some patients are ... In Canada, an inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine is part of the regular vaccination schedule of preschoolers. A single lifetime ...
Ravenholt, Reimert T. "Poliomyelitis in an immunized community" 76, no. 2 (1961). Ravenholt, Reimert T. "Poliomyelitis in an ... Title : Poliomyelitis in an immunized community Personal Author(s) : Ravenholt, Reimert T. Published Date : Feb 1961;02-1961; ... Ravenholt, Reimert T. (1961). Poliomyelitis in an immunized community. 76(2). ...
... variation in immunization performance and population movement patterns are important determinants of historical poliomyelitis ... to produce 6-month forecasts of poliomyelitis incidence. The odds of observing poliomyelitis decreased with improved routine or ... Risk factors and short-term projections for serotype-1 poliomyelitis incidence in Pakistan: A spatiotemporal analysis PLoS Med ... Six-month forecasts of poliomyelitis incidence by district for 2013-2016 showed good predictive ability (area under the curve ...
Poliomyelitis D200 in ailments, products, posts & pages. Poliomyelitis D200 has the following research in the biogetica ...
Unvaccinated persons in the United States remain at risk for paralytic poliomyelitis if they are exposed to either wild or ... Public Health Response to a Case of Paralytic Poliomyelitis in an Unvaccinated Person and Detection of Poliovirus in Wastewater ... Public Health Response to a Case of Paralytic Poliomyelitis in an Unvaccinated Person and Detection of Poliovirus in Wastewater ... no additional poliomyelitis cases have been identified, although the detection of VDPV2 genetically linked to virus from the ...
Incidents of poliomyelitis can be traced back to ancient Egypt. The first recorded poliomyelitis epidemic (a rapidly spreading ... Poliomyelitis is infectious, meaning it is spread primarily through contact with someone who already has the disease. The virus ... Poliomyelitis, or polio, is a serious infectious disease that attacks muscle-controlling nerves and can eventually cause ... Poliomyelitis, sometimes called infantile paralysis, is caused by one of three related viruses, and it primarily affects ...
Poliomyelitis (infantile paralysis) [Osteopathic Medicine]. c1918Krksvl. PDF Kindle EPub. Free. UCLA. OHara, Susan, 1938. ... Medical History: Disease: Poliomyelitis (Polio). FOR RELATED PAGES ON MEDICINE & THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE: CLICK HERE ...
By Communicable Disease Center (U.S.). Poliomyelitis Surveillance Unit. * Series: CDC Poliomyelitis surveillance report ; no. ... CDC Poliomyelitis surveillance report number 245, November 3, 1961 Cite CITE. Title : CDC Poliomyelitis surveillance report ... CDC Poliomyelitis surveillance report number 242, October 13, 1961 Cite CITE. Title : CDC Poliomyelitis surveillance report ... 1961). CDC Poliomyelitis surveillance report number 228, July 7, 1961. Communicable Disease Center (U.S.). Poliomyelitis ...
Home > 2014 ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Codes > Infectious And Parasitic Diseases 001-139 > Poliomyelitis And Other Non-Arthropod-Borne ...
Salk Poliomyelitis Vaccine Vs Sabin Poliomyelitis Vaccine. Regarding poliomyelitis vaccination, the Salk vaccine of the 1955 ... What is Poliomyelitis?. Poliomyelitis (polio) is a highly infectious disease caused by one of three wild poliovirus types (1, 2 ... Poliomyelitis. Poliomyelitis can lead to paralysis, but severe disease is preventable through vaccination. Polio is transmitted ... Get Poliomyelitis Vaccination. We can provide more information about any vaccination including the Poliomyelitis vaccination. ...
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FDRs diagnosis of poliomyelitis, however, was fully supported by the findings of leading expert physicians of that time, who ... These features are consistent with diagnostic criteria extant during the periods of major poliomyelitis epidemics as well as ... Public discussion of Franklin Delano Roosevelts (FDR) diagnosis of poliomyelitis after his sudden onset of paralysis in 1921 ... which shares the features of a flaccid paralysis and thus mimicking the initial presentation of poliomyelitis, has more than an ...
Access Poliomyelitis, Paralytic case definitions; uniform criteria used to define a disease for public health surveillance. ...
... These data represent administrative and official Poliomyelitis vaccination coverage ... Vaccination coverage of Poliomyelitis vaccines over time ... Read more about Poliomyelitis reported cases and incidence by ...
Acute poliomyelitis is a disease of the anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem caused by poliovirus. ... Rare cases of poliomyelitis are reported due to live attenuated poliovirus vaccine. Small pockets of poliomyelitis epidemics ... encoded search term (Acute Poliomyelitis) and Acute Poliomyelitis What to Read Next on Medscape ... Acute poliomyelitis is a disease of the anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem caused by poliovirus. ...
Poliomyelitis - Etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, diagnosis & prognosis from the MSD Manuals - Medical Professional ... Prevention of Poliomyelitis All infants and children should be immunized with poliomyelitis vaccine Poliomyelitis Vaccine ... Poliomyelitis (Infantile Paralysis; Acute Anterior Poliomyelitis; Polio). By Brenda L. Tesini , MD, University of Rochester ... Paralytic poliomyelitis and nonparalytic poliomyelitis About 1 to 5% of patients with poliovirus infection develop nonparalytic ...
WC 555 75HU Poliomyelitis : WC 555 76HU La poliomyélite : WC 555 84HA Handbook on the late effects of poliomyelitis for ... Poliomyelitis : a guide for developing countries, including appliances and rehabilitation for the disabled / R. L. Huckstep. By ... On the problem of poliomyelitis, an epidemiological-statistical study / ... Poliomyelitis -- rehabilitation , Developing countriesNLM classification: WC 555 ...
  • Progress toward poliomyelitis eradication--India, January 2004-May 2005. (medscape.com)
  • Progress report on poliomyelitis eradication in the African Region. (who.int)
  • The Kuwait First International Conference on Poliomyelitis Eradication was held on 28-29 October 2014 in Kuwait City. (who.int)
  • The conference was organized by the National Poliomyelitis Eradication Certification Committee and sponsored by the Ministry of Health, Kuwait. (who.int)
  • discuss the progress of poliomyelitis eradication in Kuwait. (who.int)
  • This reflects the ongoing commitment of the National Poliomyelitis Eradication Certification Committee and the Kuwaiti Ministry of Health in maintaining routine immunization, as well as implementing supplementary immunization activities and ensuring effective surveillance. (who.int)
  • Pakistan currently provides a substantial challenge to global polio eradication, having contributed to 73% of reported poliomyelitis in 2015 and 54% in 2016. (nih.gov)
  • After certification of eradication of all types of WPV and oral poliomyelitis vaccination (OPV) cessation, facilities that will continue to handle poliovirus materials represent the most significant threat to maintaining global eradication. (biosafety.be)
  • The vaccine will also make a significant contribution to global poliomyelitis eradication. (nmpa.gov.cn)
  • According to the 1917 Polio Outbreak on Montpelier, Vermont, "Poliomyelitis or infantile paralysis as it then known occurred primarily in Montpelier, Vermont. (bartleby.com)
  • Poliomyelitis, or polio, is a serious infectious disease that attacks muscle-controlling nerves and can eventually cause paralysis. (scienceclarified.com)
  • Poliomyelitis, sometimes called infantile paralysis, is caused by one of three related viruses, and it primarily affects children. (scienceclarified.com)
  • Poliomyelitis can lead to paralysis, but severe disease is preventable through vaccination. (travelvax.com.au)
  • In a very small number of these cases, the infection will spread to the central nervous system, resulting in meningitis or, more seriously, enter the brainstem or spinal cord resulting in 'paralytic poliomyelitis' with characteristic asymmetric flaccid paralysis and loss of tendon reflexes. (travelvax.com.au)
  • Public discussion of Franklin Delano Roosevelt's (FDR) diagnosis of poliomyelitis after his sudden onset of paralysis in 1921 has received just such a revisitation. (jefferson.edu)
  • Nonbulbar Guillain-Barré Syndrome, which shares the features of a flaccid paralysis and thus mimicking the initial presentation of poliomyelitis, has more than an 80% complete recovery with no reported cases of eventual wheelchair use. (jefferson.edu)
  • Manifestations include a nonspecific minor illness (abortive poliomyelitis), sometimes aseptic meningitis without paralysis (nonparalytic poliomyelitis), and, less often, flaccid weakness of various muscle groups (paralytic poliomyelitis). (msdmanuals.com)
  • What we need especially to learn is the frequency with which cases of poliomyelitis that do not develop paralysis occur, and what the leading symptoms are in these instances, since the socalled abortive cases may be found to be the insidious means of the transmission of the infection. (jamanetwork.com)
  • Before global health measures, about 1 in every 200 people infected with poliomyelitis had irreversible paralysis. (medtigo.com)
  • Poliomyelitis is a paralytic disease resulting from the destruction of motor neurons in the central nervous system and can lead to partial or full paralysis. (diseasesdic.com)
  • Poliomyelitis ("polio"), or infantile paralysis , is a viral paralytic disease. (the-medical-dictionary.com)
  • Paralysis and poliomyelitis or infentile paralysis:, are caused by the affliction of Mercury, Sun, Moon and lagna. (org.in)
  • 3) The viral disease known as poliomyelitis is highly infectious and can cause total paralysis and even death. (bdword.com)
  • Since May 1988, when the World Health Assembly resolved to eradicate poliomyelitis, the estimated global incidence of polio has decreased by more than 99%, and three World Health Organization (WHO) regions (the Americas, the Western Pacific, and Europe) have been certified as polio-free. (medscape.com)
  • In 1988, the Regional Committee for the Eastern Mediterranean Region* (EMR) of the World Health Organization (WHO) adopted a resolution to eradicate poliomyelitis from the region by 2000. (cdc.gov)
  • In Canada, an inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine is part of the regular vaccination schedule of preschoolers. (familiprix.com)
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) recently announced that the Sabin strain (Vero cell) inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine (sIPV) developed by Sinopharm Group's Beijing Institute of Biological Products has been pre-qualified and is available for procurement by the United Nations system. (nmpa.gov.cn)
  • The incidence of poliomyelitis (polio) in the United States declined rapidly after the licensure of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) in 1955 and live oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in the 1960s. (cdc.gov)
  • Regarding poliomyelitis vaccination, the Salk vaccine of the 1955 was replaced with the live, oral poliovirus vaccine or Sabin vaccine in the early 1960s, which had the advantage of being cheaper, easy to administer and provided herd immunity. (travelvax.com.au)
  • Because of the success of poliovirus vaccine, poliomyelitis, once one of the most feared human infectious diseases, is now almost entirely preventable by proper immunization (see image below). (medscape.com)
  • Rare cases of poliomyelitis are reported due to live attenuated poliovirus vaccine. (medscape.com)
  • According to ACIP, cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis occurred almost immediately after introduction of the live attenuated poliovirus vaccine. (aafp.org)
  • In addition to background information that led to the recommendation for an all-IPV schedule, the ACIP report includes data on the epidemiology of poliomyelitis and of vaccination coverage, as well as information on vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis. (aafp.org)
  • Asymptomatic and minor infections (abortive poliomyelitis) are more common than nonparalytic or paralytic infections by ≥ 60:1 and are the main source of spread. (msdmanuals.com)
  • To help those people infected with poliomyelitis whose respiratory (breathing) muscles had been paralyzed, American physiologist Philip Drinker (1893-1977) invented the Drinker tank respirator (commonly known as the iron lung) in 1928. (scienceclarified.com)
  • Michael Underwood first described a debility of the lower extremities in children that was recognizable as poliomyelitis in England in 1789, but the disease was not observed in epidemics until the late 19th century. (cdc.gov)
  • These features are consistent with diagnostic criteria extant during the periods of major poliomyelitis epidemics as well as those of the Center for Disease Control 90 years later. (jefferson.edu)
  • Small pockets of poliomyelitis epidemics still exist among isolated religious sects, such as the Amish. (medscape.com)
  • We are still very ignorant of the real extent of the epidemics of poliomyelitis and are therefore, prevented from exercising due caution in limiting its spread. (jamanetwork.com)
  • Polio or Poliomyelitis is a viral disease which affects children. (bartleby.com)
  • Poliomyelitis, commonly known as polio, is an infectious viral disease caused by the genus Enterovirus from the Picornaviridae family. (diseasesdic.com)
  • This clinical presentation is known as abortive poliomyelitis, and is characterized by a low fever, sore throat, and complete recovery in less than a week. (cdc.gov)
  • Manifestations include a nonspecific minor illness (abortive poliomyelitis), sometimes aseptic meningitis without. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Acute poliomyelitis is caused by small RNA viruses of the Enterovirus genus of the Picornaviridae family. (medscape.com)
  • Acute poliomyelitis is a disease of the anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cord and brain stem caused by poliovirus. (medscape.com)
  • Acute poliomyelitis is caused by small ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses of the enterovirus group of the picornavirus family. (medscape.com)
  • Acute poliomyelitis has a worldwide distribution, with the peak season being from July to September and the concentration being in tropical areas of the Northern Hemisphere. (medscape.com)
  • Estimated movement of poliovirus-infected individuals was associated with the incidence of poliomyelitis, with the radiation model of movement providing the best fit to the data. (nih.gov)
  • Despite achievements in eradicating WPV globally, polio-free countries with low vaccination coverage remain at risk for poliomyelitis outbreaks after importation of WPV. (cdc.gov)
  • These data represent administrative and official Poliomyelitis vaccination coverage reported annually through the WHO/UNICEF Joint Reporting Form on Immunization (JRF). (who.int)
  • Poliomyelitis caused by vaccination is generated by alterations of the attenuated virus within the oral polio vaccine. (medtigo.com)
  • However, the emergence of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV), a form of the vaccine virus that has reverted to causing poliomyelitis, has led to the development of novel oral polio vaccine type 2 (nOPV2) which aims to make the vaccine safer and thus stop further outbreaks of cVDPV2. (wikipedia.org)
  • The risk of polio infection in travellers is generally low, however poliomyelitis vaccination is generally recommended if travelling to affected regions, particularly in the case of travellers visiting friends and relatives, for stays of long duration, anyone having contact with a polio-infected person or visiting areas of poor sanitation. (travelvax.com.au)
  • In 2021, cVDPV serotypes 1 or 2 were isolated from 659 cases of poliomyelitis in 23 countries (data as of April 5, 2022). (cdc.gov)
  • During 2020-2022, cVDPV type 2 (cVDPV2) was responsible for 97-99% of poliomyelitis cases, mainly in Africa . (bvsalud.org)
  • Durante el período 2020-2022, el cVDPV de tipo 2 (cVDPV2) fue la causa del 97-99% de los casos de poliomielitis , sobre todo en África . (bvsalud.org)
  • Entre enero y agosto del 2022, se encontró el cVDPV2 en muestras de aguas residuales en Estados Unidos de América , donde se produjo un caso de parálisis flácida aguda por el cVDPV2, Israel y Reino Unido y. (bvsalud.org)
  • La Organización Panamericana de la Salud ha advertido que, tras la caída de las tasas de vacunación (con una cobertura promedio del 80% en el 2022), Brasil , Haití , Perú y República Dominicana corren un riesgo muy alto de reintroducción del poliovirus , en tanto que otros ocho países de América Latina se encuentran en una situación de alto riesgo . (bvsalud.org)
  • C.04.123 Poliomyelitis vaccine shall be prepared in acceptable tissue culture medium from strains of poliomyelitis virus proven capable of producing vaccine of acceptable potency. (gc.ca)
  • Poliomyelitis is infectious, meaning it is spread primarily through contact with someone who already has the disease. (scienceclarified.com)
  • The first recorded poliomyelitis epidemic (a rapidly spreading outbreak of a contagious disease) was in Sweden in 1881. (scienceclarified.com)
  • Many poliomyelitis patients were kept alive in such a manner, but it was not a cure for the disease. (scienceclarified.com)
  • Title : CDC Poliomyelitis surveillance report number 228, July 7, 1961 Corporate Authors(s) : Communicable Disease Center (U.S.). Poliomyelitis Surveillance Unit. (cdc.gov)
  • The disease was prevalent early last century, causing the deaths of many thousands of young children until the introduction of an effective poliomyelitis vaccination in the 1950s. (travelvax.com.au)
  • Recently, this 2003 historical analysis has been referenced widely on the Internet and in biographies, raising speculation that his actual diagnosis should have been Guillain-Barré Syndrome, a noncontagious disease of the peripheral nervous system rather than poliomyelitis. (jefferson.edu)
  • FDR's diagnosis of poliomyelitis, however, was fully supported by the findings of leading expert physicians of that time, who were very knowledgeable in the then-common disease and who periodically examined him during the period of 1921-1924. (jefferson.edu)
  • In light of the expert initial assessments by physicians completely familiar with the signs and symptoms of the then-common disease, review of his initial and subsequent disease course, and residual symptoms in comparison with those of Guillain-Barré syndrome, we find no reason to question the diagnostic accuracy of poliomyelitis and wish to put this debate to rest. (jefferson.edu)
  • Moreover, there occurs, not uncommonly, a form of anterior poliomyelitis which simulates epidemic meningitis so closely as to be frequently confused with that disease. (jamanetwork.com)
  • Poliomyelitis is a contagious disease which spreads through lymphatic replication and fecal-oral contamination. (medtigo.com)
  • Poliomyelitis is a disease caused by infection with the poliovirus. (diseasesdic.com)
  • 4) Polio, or poliomyelitis , is an infectious disease caused by a virus that attacks the nervous system. (bdword.com)
  • B91 is a valid billable ICD-10 diagnosis code for Sequelae of poliomyelitis . (icd10coded.com)
  • Poliomyelitis is an acute infection caused by a poliovirus (an enterovirus). (msdmanuals.com)
  • References Poliomyelitis is an acute infection caused by a poliovirus (an enterovirus). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Countries that have low OPV coverage in routine immunization also are at risk of experiencing poliomyelitis cases and outbreaks caused by circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV). (cdc.gov)
  • The National Immunization Plus Day is aimed at protecting children below five years of age from Poliomyelitis," she said. (democracynewsline.com)
  • The Sabin vaccine is composed of live (but weakened and harmless) poliomyelitis virus. (scienceclarified.com)
  • 2) Neurological disorders, such as poliomyelitis and cerebral palsy, can also cause acquired clubfoot. (bdword.com)
  • Despite this effort, during 2019-2020, serotype 2 cVDPV caused 1,445 cases of poliomyelitis in 26 countries, whereas serotype 1 cVDPV caused 46 cases in 5 countries, and WPV caused 316 cases in 2 countries. (cdc.gov)
  • In 1917 Vermont reported 171 cases of poliomyelitis. (bartleby.com)
  • Unless an individual has had a primary series of poliomyelitis vaccinations, once ingested, the poliovirus multiplies in the intestines and, in the vast majority of cases, it produces no symptoms (it is excreted through the bowels for several weeks, however). (travelvax.com.au)
  • In some cases, travellers may require poliomyelitis vaccination to enter or leave a risk country - this would be documented with an International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis to record the vaccine dose and serve as proof of poliomyelitis vaccination. (travelvax.com.au)
  • Only a few cases of paralytic poliomyelitis are reported each year in the United States. (medscape.com)
  • According to ACIP, the number of cases of paralytic poliomyelitis declined from more than 20,000 in 1952 to an average of eight to nine cases annually from 1980 to 1994. (aafp.org)
  • Oral polio vaccines cause about three cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis per million doses given. (wikipedia.org)
  • Both vaccines are effective against all forms of the poliomyelitis virus. (scienceclarified.com)
  • Polio vaccines are vaccines used to prevent poliomyelitis (polio). (wikipedia.org)
  • The overall risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis is estimated to be one case in 2.4 million doses of OPV distributed. (aafp.org)
  • Poliomyelitis (polio) is a highly contagious viral infection with a wide range of manifestations. (familiprix.com)
  • Replication of poliovirus in motor neurons of the anterior horn and brain stem results in cell destruction and causes the typical manifestations of poliomyelitis. (diseasesdic.com)
  • C.04.122 Poliomyelitis vaccine shall be an aqueous suspension of killed poliomyelitis viruses, Types I, II, and III. (gc.ca)
  • According to ACIP, an all-IPV schedule is needed to eliminate the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis while maintaining population immunity. (aafp.org)
  • The case for cooperation in managing and maintaining the end of poliomyelitis: stockpile needs and coordinated OPV cessation. (medscape.com)