The metabolism of drugs and their mechanisms of action.

Incorporating receptor theory in mechanism-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling. (1/15)

Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling helps to better understand drug efficacy and safety and has, therefore, become a powerful tool in the learning-confirming cycles of drug-development. In translational drug research, mechanism-based PK-PD modeling has been recognized as a tool for bringing forward early insights in drug efficacy and safety into the clinical development. These models differ from descriptive PK-PD models in that they quantitatively characterize specific processes in the causal chain between drug administration and effect. This includes target site distribution, binding and activation, pharmacodynamic interactions, transduction and homeostatic feedback mechanisms. Compared to descriptive models mechanism-based PK-PD models that utilize receptor theory concepts for characterization of target binding and target activation processes have improved properties for extrapolation and prediction. In this respect, receptor theory constitutes the basis for 1) prediction of in vivo drug concentration-effect relationships and 2) characterization of target association-dissociation kinetics as determinants of hysteresis in the time course of the drug effect. This approach intrinsically distinguishes drug- and system specific parameters explicitly, allowing accurate extrapolation from in vitro to in vivo and across species. This review provides an overview of recent developments in incorporating receptor theory in PK-PD modeling with a specific focus on the identifiability of these models.  (+info)

Scaling pharmacodynamics from in vitro and preclinical animal studies to humans. (2/15)

An important feature of mechanism-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models is the identification of drug- and system-specific factors that determine the intensity and time-course of pharmacological effects. This provides an opportunity to integrate information obtained from in vitro bioassays and preclinical pharmacological studies in animals to anticipate the clinical and adverse responses to drugs in humans. The fact that contemporary PK/PD modeling continues to evolve and seeks to emulate systems level properties should provide enhanced capabilities to scale-up pharmacodynamic data. Critical steps in drug discovery and development, such as lead compound and first in human dose selection, may become more efficient with the implementation and further refinement of translational PK/PD modeling. In this review, we highlight fundamental principles in pharmacodynamics and the basic expectations for in vitro bioassays and traditional allometric scaling in PK/PD modeling. Discussion of PK/PD modeling efforts for recombinant human erythropoietin is also included as a case study showing the potential for advanced systems analysis to facilitate extrapolations and improve understanding of inter-species differences in drug responses.  (+info)

A framework for assessing inter-individual variability in pharmacokinetics using virtual human populations and integrating general knowledge of physical chemistry, biology, anatomy, physiology and genetics: A tale of 'bottom-up' vs 'top-down' recognition of covariates. (3/15)

An increasing number of failures in clinical stages of drug development have been related to the effects of candidate drugs in a sub-group of patients rather than the 'average' person. Expectation of extreme effects or lack of therapeutic effects in some subgroups following administration of similar doses requires a full understanding of the issue of variability and the importance of identifying covariates that determine the exposure to the drug candidates in each individual. In any drug development program the earlier these covariates are known the better. An important component of the drive to decrease this failure rate in drug development involves attempts to use physiologically-based pharmacokinetics 'bottom-up' modeling and simulation to optimize molecular features with respect to the absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination (ADME) processes. The key element of this approach is the separation of information on the system (i.e. human body) from that of the drug (e.g. physicochemical characteristics determining permeability through membranes, partitioning to tissues, binding to plasma proteins or affinities toward certain enzymes and transporter proteins) and the study design (e.g. dose, route and frequency of administration, concomitant drugs and food). In this review, the classical 'top-down' approach in covariate recognition is compared with the 'bottom-up' paradigm. The determinants and sources of inter-individual variability in different stages of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion are discussed in detail. Further, the commonly known tools for simulating ADME properties are introduced.  (+info)

Pharmacological changes in cellular Ca2+ homeostasis parallel initiation of atrial arrhythmogenesis in murine Langendorff-perfused hearts. (4/15)

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Beyond thermodynamics: drug binding kinetics could influence epidermal growth factor signaling. (5/15)

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Identifying druggable disease-modifying gene products. (6/15)

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Non-genetic cell-to-cell variability and the consequences for pharmacology. (7/15)

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Inwardly rectifying potassium channels: their structure, function, and physiological roles. (8/15)

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Pharmacological processes refer to the series of interactions and reactions that occur when a drug is introduced into a living organism. This encompasses various stages, including:

1. **Drug Absorption:** The process by which a drug is taken up by the body's tissues after administration, often through routes such as oral, intravenous, or topical.

2. **Distribution:** The movement of the drug throughout the body, often involving transport across biological membranes and into various organs and fluids.

3. **Metabolism (Biotransformation):** The chemical alteration of a drug by enzymes, primarily in the liver but also in other organs, which can result in the drug becoming more or less active, or being broken down into products that can be excreted.

4. **Excretion:** The removal of the drug and its metabolites from the body, typically through urine, feces, sweat, or exhaled air.

5. **Pharmacodynamics:** The study of how drugs interact with their targets (receptors, enzymes, etc.) to produce a biological response.

6. **Pharmacokinetics:** The mathematical analysis of the time course of drug concentrations in the body and how these concentrations affect pharmacological responses.

Understanding these pharmacological processes is crucial for determining the optimal dosage, frequency, and route of administration for a drug, as well as predicting potential interactions and side effects.

Gibson GE, Hirsch JA, Cirio RT, Jordan BD, Fonzetti P, Elder J (July 2013). "Abnormal thiamine-dependent processes in ... Pharmacological Research. 61 (6): 482-488. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2010.02.008. PMID 20188835. ... Based on metabolic theories of Alzheimer's disease, since thiamine-dependent processes are critical in glucose metabolism and ... benfotiamine administration has been proposed as a possible intervention to reverse biological and clinical processes of ...
Yamada K, Nabeshima T (April 2003). "Brain-derived neurotrophic factor/TrkB signaling in memory processes". Journal of ... aiming at either pharmacological modulation of the pathway (e.g. small molecule mimetics) or other means (e.g. exercise induced ... Pharmacological Sciences. 91 (4): 267-270. doi:10.1254/jphs.91.267. PMID 12719654. Soppet D, Escandon E, Maragos J, Middlemas ...
This has been shown to be important for processes such as spatial memory in the hippocampus, demonstrating the therapeutic and ... Journal of Pharmacological Sciences. 91 (4): 267-70. doi:10.1254/jphs.91.267. PMID 12719654. Mandel AL, Ozdener H, Utermohlen V ... Yamada K, Nabeshima T (April 2003). "Brain-derived neurotrophic factor/TrkB signaling in memory processes". ... parts of the adult brain retain the ability to grow new neurons from neural stem cells in a process known as neurogenesis. ...
Wilcox, C. S.; Pearlman, A. (2008). "Chemistry and Antihypertensive Effects of Tempol and Other Nitroxides". Pharmacological ... Organic Process Research & Development. 14 (1): 245-251. doi:10.1021/op900059x. ...
Processed olives, such as the common canned variety containing iron(II) gluconate, contained little hydroxytyrosol, as iron ... Pharmacological Research. 143: 58-72. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2019.03.005. PMID 30853597. S2CID 73726654. "Scientific Opinion on the ... Marsilio V, Campestre C, Lanza B (July 2001). "Phenolic compounds change during California-style ripe olive processing". Food ... in processed foods at levels of 5 mg per serving. In nature, hydroxytyrosol is generated by the hydrolysis of oleuropein that ...
Chapouthier, G.; Venault, P. (2001). "A pharmacological link between epilepsy and anxiety?". Trends in Pharmacological Sciences ... Chapouthier G., Venault P. (2004), GABA-A Receptor Complex and Memory Processes, Medicin. Chemistry Reviews online, 1, 91-99 ...
Somma F, Castagnola R, Bollino D, Marigo L (2010). "Oral inflammatory process and general health. Part 1: The focal infection ... and the oral inflammatory lesion". European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences. 14 (12): 1085-95. PMID 21375141. ...
... host and immunoediting processes". Pharmacological Research. 119: 278-288. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2017.02.011. PMID 28212890. Ang ...
The prefrontal cortex is involved in emotional processing and regulation, and dysfunction of this process may be involved in ... Experiments with pharmacological agents that cause depletion of monoamines have shown that this depletion does not cause ... During emotional processing tasks right amygdala is more active than the left, however there is no differences during cognitive ... People with MDD show a number of biases in emotional processing, such as a tendency to rate happy faces more negatively, and a ...
Have minimal [direct] pharmacological activity on biological receptors. Facilitate rapid recovery (by reducing central nervous ... Involve a complexity of biochemical processes. Decrease entropy of an organism (lowering oxygen consumption, body temperature, ...
In: Pharmacological Intervention in the Aging Process, eds. J. Roberts, R.C. Adelman and V.J. Cristofalo, Plenum Press, New ... He was also a visiting scientist at the Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Researchin Milan, Italy, and a visiting ... Weiss, B., Greenberg, L.H. and Clark, M.B.: Physiological and pharmacological modulation of the beta-adrenergic receptor-linked ... Weiss, B., Prozialeck, W., Cimino, M., Barnette, M.S. and Wallace, T.L.: Pharmacological regulation of calmodulin. In: ...
"Pharmacological chaperones stabilize retromer to limit APP processing". Nature Chemical Biology. 10 (6): 443-449. doi:10.1038/ ...
... its pharmacological actions, except upon reproductive processes, are weak. [...] For many years after its isolation and ... Micronization is the process of reducing the average diameter of the particles of a solid material. By micronizing progesterone ... However, a study found that different manufacturing processes gave different rates of extrusion. Progesterone implants were ... pharmacological profile and mechanism of action as luteal phase support in assisted reproduction". Reprod. Biomed. Online. 38 ( ...
Whereas evidential, controlled methods of experimentation yield objective information on processes observable objectively by ... pharmacological trials of psychiatric and analgesic (pain relief) medication; and ethnography, the study of cultures and ... cultural processes as part of social science. A 2003 experimental study by Coghill et al determined that subjective reports of ...
1997). Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotides and Antisense RNA : Novel Pharmacological and Therapeutic Agents. Boca Raton, Florida: ... in a process called hybridization. Antisense oligonucleotides can be used to target a specific, complementary (coding or non- ... yield of each synthetic step and the occurrence of side reactions set practical limits of the efficiency of the process. In ... CRC Press Weiss B, Davidkova G, Zhou LW (1999). "Antisense RNA gene therapy for studying and modulating biological processes". ...
Dilation is deferred in EoE until patients are adequately treated with pharmacological or dietary therapy, and the result of a ... Allergy testing is not particularly effective in predicting which foods are driving the disease process. If no specific ... Management consists of dietary, pharmacological, and endoscopic treatment. Dietary treatment can be effective, as there does ...
... downstream processing and pharmacological applications". Biotechnology Advances. 29 (4): 418-35. doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv. ...
This activity aims to expel the body of calories eaten from the binging phase of the process. Binge eating refers to eating a ... Wilson GT, Loeb KL, Walsh BT, Labouvie E, Petkova E, Liu X, Waternaux C (August 1999). "Psychological versus pharmacological ... Fairburn et al.'s model discusses the process in which an individual falls into the binge-purge cycle and thus develops bulimia ... treatments of bulimia nervosa: predictors and processes of change". Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 67 (4): 451- ...
This process is also known as stratified sampling or clade-based sampling. The practice occurs given limited resources to ... Phylogenetic screens involve the pharmacological examination of closely related groups of organisms. Advances in cladistic ... The same process can be applied to texts and manuscripts. In Paleography, the study of historical writings and manuscripts, ... The evolutionary processes behind cancer progression are quite different from those in species and are important to ...
As a natural product, coicenals have been tested for their pharmacological utility. One study showed that coicenals exhibit ... Since nitric oxide is crucial to inflammatory processes, this biological ability could translate to medicinal use for treating ...
In processing the memory in these ways it becomes less likely to intrude into their thoughts as an unwanted flashback. The ... Pharmacological methods for erasing traumatic memories are currently the subject of active research. The ability to erase ... One source described the process this way: "[O]ld information is called to mind, modified with the help of drugs or behavioral ... Also there is some evidence that memories can become vulnerable to disruption even at longer periods of time in a process known ...
These features may in actuality encompass a reaction to a lack of a secure refuge or other underlying pathological processes. ... "Pharmacological dissociation of autonomic and behavioural responses to fear in the medullary raphe." Autonomic Neuroscience ...
"The endocannabinoid system and emotional processing: a pharmacological fMRI study with ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol". European ... following pharmacological and/or non-pharmacological manipulations that may be beneficial for improving psychological outcomes ... First, it releases more energy so the collapse is halted, and secondly it produce two more elements in that process. Carbon (C ... Rahman IA, Tsuboi K, Uyama T, Ueda N (August 2014). "New players in the fatty acyl ethanolamide metabolism". Pharmacological ...
... complete with alterations of the thought process and visual distortion. Very little data exists about the pharmacological ...
Mutant AR was also found to form aggresomes in a process distinct from aggregation. Molecular and pharmacological interventions ... Aggresome formation is a highly regulated process that possibly serves to organize misfolded proteins into a single location. ... In this state, they have undergone a hydrophobic collapse process, indicated by outward-facing hydrophilic components and ...
Labor and delivery is a sequential process that results in the birth of a fetus and placenta. It is dependent on maternal and ... Oxytocin is the first-line pharmacological step to help prevent PPH and treat PPH. Oxytocin plays an integral role in ... There are multiple techniques available to stimulate uterine contractions including mechanical, pharmacological, and ... regulation of many of the body's biological processes- especially labor regulation. Since its structure was revealed in 1953, ...
The book contains more than 1,100 pharmacological recipes, the vast majority of them from the Historia naturalis of Pliny the ... Materials may be botanical, animal-derived, or metallic; processes include decoction, emulsification, calcination and ... The ingredients and methods in the Medicina Plinii are typical of Latin pharmacological handbooks. ...
"Psychological and Pharmacological Treatments for Adults With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review Update". doi: ... "About Us , Cognitive Processing Therapy". About Us , Cognitive Processing Therapy. 15 October 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2019. " ... "Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT)". www.apa.org. Retrieved 2017-10-02. Resick, Patricia (2008). Cognitive Processing Therapy ... Cognitive processing therapy (CPT) is a manualized therapy used by clinicians to help people recover from posttraumatic stress ...
There, the activity it develops is clearly related to the contraction process. In presence of acetylcholine, M2 receptors are ... Cell death occurs only at high micromolar concentrations (being the average pharmacological dose at nanomolar level). From all ... This occurs especially in the bladder, where, unlike the heart, autoinhibitory processes of this type do not exist. Recent ... Still object of investigation, methoctramine has not been introduced in the pharmacological industry yet. Research conducted in ...
Many physiological processes are accompanied by changes in cell membrane potential which can be detected with voltage sensitive ... Lasting pharmacological effects are possible, and the photodynamics of the dyes can be damaging. Recently developed fuorinated ... Many such algorithms exist; one signal processing algorithm can be found in recent work with the ANNINE-6plus dye. Cells may be ... In certain preparations the pharmacological effects of the dyes may be completely reversed by removing the staining pipette and ...
A prodrug may be used to improve how selectively the drug interacts with cells or processes that are not its intended target. ... IUPAC definition Compound that undergoes biotransformation before exhibiting pharmacological effects. Note 1: Modified from ref ...
Natural language processing (NLP) is an area of artificial intelligence that applies information technologies to process the ... Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Pharmacological Reviews Message Body (Your Name) thought you would be interested in ... Review of Natural Language Processing in Pharmacology. Dimitar Trajanov, Vangel Trajkovski, Makedonka Dimitrieva, Jovana ... Review of Natural Language Processing in Pharmacology. Dimitar Trajanov, Vangel Trajkovski, Makedonka Dimitrieva, Jovana ...
Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Diphenylpyrazoles Christophe Mesangeau 1 , Pascal Carato 1 , Nicolas Renault 2 , ... All CTFs can be further processed by the γ-secretase to generate the Aβ1-x, Aβ11-x, P9, and amyloid intracellular domain (AICD ... Huse J.T., Liu K., Pijak D.S., Carlin D., Lee V.M., Doms R.W. Beta-secretase processing in the trans-Golgi network ... Summary scheme of the major APP processing pathways. The amyloid precursor protein is a type I transmembrane protein subject to ...
Data Coordinating Center for the Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome Pharmacological Treatments Comparative Effectiveness Trial ... The renewal process may require as much time as the initial registration. SAM registration includes the assignment of a ... Registration can take 6 weeks or more, so applicants should begin the registration process as soon as possible. The NIH Policy ... Information on the submission process and a definition of on-time submission are provided in the SF424 (R&R) Application Guide. ...
Process of obtaining complete description of intervention-an example. Figure 2⇓ illustrates the key steps in the study methods ... Reports were eligible if a non-pharmacological intervention had been compared with a pharmacological intervention or when a ... The completeness of descriptions of interventions may be worse for non-pharmacological interventions than for pharmacological ... Poor description of non-pharmacological interventions: analysis of consecutive sample of randomised trials. BMJ 2013; 347 doi: ...
The Symptoms, Neurobiology, and Current Pharmacological Treatment of Depression. Stephen E. To; Robert A. Zepf; Alisa G. Woods ... Cite this: The Symptoms, Neurobiology, and Current Pharmacological Treatment of Depression - Medscape - Apr 01, 2005. ...
... this aspect is poorly considered either during the registration process by regulatory authorities. ... c. Excluding pharmacological contraindications with study drugs. d. Inclusion of patients with unstable or seriously ... Randomized Controlled Trials of Pharmacological Treatments to Prevent COPD Exacerbations. Applicability to Real-Life Patients. ...
... the network pharmacological analysis pointed out that the p53, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), estrogen, and Wnt ... Article Processing Charges Pay an Invoice Open Access Policy Contact MDPI Jobs at MDPI ... Network Pharmacological Analyses. For prediction of targets of gallic acid and determination of its relevant pathways, network ... "Analysis and Anticancer Effects of Active Compounds from Spatholobi Caulis in Human Breast Cancer Cells" Processes 8, no. 9: ...
Pharmacological phenomena and processes. QV 38. QV 37.5. Drug interactions. QV 38. ... Classify works on pharmacological phenomena only in QV 37.. *At QV 55, the note was added: Classify here general works on ... At QV 778, the caption Pharmaceutical processes. Drug compounding was changed to Drug delivery systems (General or not ... At QV 4, the note was added: Classify here works discussing both pharmacological phenomena and pharmaceutical preparations. ...
Gibson GE, Hirsch JA, Cirio RT, Jordan BD, Fonzetti P, Elder J (July 2013). "Abnormal thiamine-dependent processes in ... Pharmacological Research. 61 (6): 482-488. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2010.02.008. PMID 20188835. ... Based on metabolic theories of Alzheimers disease, since thiamine-dependent processes are critical in glucose metabolism and ... benfotiamine administration has been proposed as a possible intervention to reverse biological and clinical processes of ...
Pharmacological chaperones stabilize retromer to limit APP processing.. Title. Pharmacological chaperones stabilize retromer to ... and decreases the pathogenic processing of APP. These findings show that pharmacological chaperones can enhance the function of ... Here we determined whether pharmacological chaperones can enhance retromer stability and function. First, we relied on the ...
... to identify new drugs to control this process. ... of pharmacological compounds available to target this process. ... Discovery of novel pharmacological compounds to modulate the apoptotic cell disassembly process. Although apoptotic body ... Recently, we demonstrated that the formation of apoptotic bodies is a highly regulated process in T lymphocytes and monocytes. ... Extracellular vesicles including apoptotic bodies have been implicated to regulate physiological and pathological processes via ...
Developing human FMRI and EEG as surrogate markers of pain processing and pharmacological analgesia ... Developing human FMRI and EEG as surrogate markers of pain processing and pharmacological analgesia ...
Pharmacological studies have shown that early ribavirin exposure assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) at day 0 and ... This mutagenesis process could be weak during monotherapy. However, in presence of IFN, viral production could decrease and ... Pharmacological studies have shown that early ribavirin exposure assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) at day 0 and ... Relevance of Pharmacological Monitoring. Pierre Pradat. ,1,2,3Victor Virlogeux. ,1,4Marie-Claude Gagnieu. ,5Fabien Zoulim. ,1,2 ...
Overview Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope and Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit ...
... play and sensory processing). ... Objective To assess the effectiveness of non-pharmacological ... based on an investigation of high-quality systematic reviews that included pharmacological and/or non-pharmacological ... Non-pharmacological interventions for autism spectrum disorder in children: an overview of systematic reviews ... Non-pharmacological interventions for autism spectrum disorder in children: an overview of systematic reviews ...
A process for preparation of a microgreen and fruit based beverage was optimized using spinach (Spinacia oleracea) microgreen, ... Optimization of a Process for a Microgreen and Fruit Based Ready to Serve Beverage ... Plants are the potential source of medicinal substances which have high pharmacological values and huge utility in healthcare ... These medicinal plants are highly available in India with various reported pharmacological properties. This review was done to ...
Over the past three decades, clinical and pharmacological studies have accumulated a body of evidence that not only ... Cascade screening is the process of contacting relatives of people who have been diagnosed with certain hereditary conditions. ... Here we review the current literature on scutellarin to provide a comprehensive understanding of the pharmacological activity, ... Scutellarin is an herbal flavonoid glucuronide with multiple pharmacological activities. Owing to its multiple beneficial ...
Current knowledge points towards adenosine as a ubiquitous signalling mediator of countless physiological processes throughout ... Citation: Campos-Martins A, Bragança B, Correia-de-Sá P and Fontes-Sousa AP (2021) Pharmacological Tuning of Adenosine Signal ... Pharmacological Tuning of Adenosine Signal Nuances Underlying Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Alexandrina ... Separating the contribution of both A2AAR and A2BAR to fibrotic processes has been difficult due to the lack of selective drugs ...
... pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of pain; symptom control and nursing assessment / intervention in ... This module will focus on the physiological process of wound healing, extrinsic and intrinsic factors affecting wound healing, ... Current pharmacological treatments will be reviewed. Particular attention will be given to co-morbid mental and physical ... You will have an understanding of the diagnostic and screening assessment and treatment process. Using an early intervention ...
I agree my information will be processed in accordance with the Nature and Springer Nature Limited Privacy Policy.. ... Liu, J., Shimizu, K., Tanaka, A. et al. Target proteins of ganoderic acid DM provides clues to various pharmacological ... Target proteins of ganoderic acid DM provides clues to various pharmacological mechanisms. *Jie Liu1,2, ... The formation of microtubules is a dynamic process that involves polymerization of heterodimers formed by α,β-tubulin and ...
Our objectives were to investigate primary care patients perspectives and use of non-pharmacological home remedies in Geneva ( ... The digitisation process was completed by a double data entry of 40 random samples to check the quality of the data entry. With ... Recruitment process. A random sample of GP practices in the region of Geneva was selected using the freely accessible online ... Winkler, N.E., Sebo, P., Haller, D.M. et al. Primary care patients perspectives on the use of non-pharmacological home ...
The basis of the drug discovery process will be described and the phases of drug development discussed. A range of targets for ... Why Study Precision Medicine and Pharmacological Innovation?. *Precision Medicine and Pharmacological Innovation is highly ... The British Pharmacological Society has recognised the University of Aberdeen as a site of special scientific interest based on ... You will undergo theoretical and practical training in state-of-the-art research processes, enabling an appreciation of how to ...
Uchino BN, Cacioppo JT, Kiecolt-Glaser JK (1996) The relationship between social support and physiological processes: a review ... 2008). Moreover, pharmacological interventions are not only differentially effective against different types of addictions, but ... Love and addiction: the devil is in the differences: a commentary on "The behavioral, anatomical and pharmacological parallels ... Love and addiction: the devil is in the differences: a commentary on "The behavioral, anatomical and pharmacological parallels ...
... to recognize stress granules for degradation by autophagy and hallmarks of a defect in this process are observable in ALS ... Divergent roles of ALS-linked proteins FUS/TLS and TDP-43 intersect in processing long pre-mRNAs. Nat. Neurosci. 15, 1488-1497 ... Pharmacological perturbation of the phase-separating protein SMNDC1 *Lennart Enders. *Marton Siklos ... Notably, this process is distinct from that described here in that it requires asymmetric, not symmetric arginine methylation ...
Both pharmacological and molecular manipulation of epigenetic processes is of great interest. Comparison of wild type and gene ... A registration process is necessary before submission and applicants are highly encouraged to start the process at least four ( ... 2. Review and Selection Process Review Process. Applications submitted for this funding opportunity will be assigned to the ICs ... Note: The registration process is not sequential. Applicants should begin the registration processes for both Grants.gov and ...
Recently, extensive study has indicated that diosmin possesses diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation ... More investigations on the underlying mechanisms of diosmin in mediating cellular processes with high specificity is still ... Metabolism and pharmacological activities of the natural health-benefiting compound diosmin Y. Zheng, R. Zhang, W. Shi, L. Li, ... Recently, extensive study has indicated that diosmin possesses diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation ...
PD biomarkers can demonstrate a drugs pharmacological (or treatment-related) effect. ... which are biological molecules that signal a normal or abnormal process. ... PD similarity studies rely on PD biomarkers, which are biological molecules that signal a normal or abnormal process. PD ... biomarkers can demonstrate a drugs pharmacological (or treatment-related) effect.. FDAs Research in Biomarkers in Four ...
Our methods rely on pharmacological approaches and transgenic animals.. * Self-repairing broken hearts Adult zebrafish can ... The lab of Anna Jazwinska investigates the biological processes of organ regeneration in zebrafish. Her lab established the ... Which biological mechanisms guide the mature cells through the regeneration process? How do systemic factors modulate this ... process? Do regenerative programs of different organs rely on conserved mechanisms? In our research, we address these questions ...
Pharmacological interventions. General. 1.4.21 Benzodiazepines are associated with a less good outcome in the long term and ... 1.4.41 There should be a process within each practice to assess the progress of a person undergoing CBT. The nature of that ... Pharmacological interventions. 1.4.42 When a new medication is started, the efficacy and side-effects should be reviewed within ... 1.4.5 The main problem(s) to be treated should be identified through a process of discussion with the person. In determining ...
  • Hyperarousal, that is, a state of heightened alertness and disinhibition, as a core feature of misophonia is supported by behavioral and neuroimaging literature and might represent a viable clinical target for the development of both behavioral and pharmacological interventions. (lu.se)
  • Our lab studies the roles of lipid biosynthesis in this process, using pharmacological, genetic, and molecular approaches. (csun.edu)
  • Our lab combines multimodal brain imaging, opto-chemogenetics, electrophysiology and quantitative modelling to investigate the neural drivers of large-scale brain connectivity, and its modulation by genetic, pathological or pharmacological effectors. (fens.org)
  • Our results provide direct evidence for the participation of MPO - one of the key-orchestrators of inflammatory response - in the in vivo pulmonary oxidative biodegradation of SWCNT and suggest new ways to control the biopersistence of nanomaterial s through genetic or pharmacological manipulations. (cdc.gov)
  • To examine the current ethical review process (ERP) of ethics committees in a non-pharmacological trial from the perspective of a clinical investigator. (bmj.com)
  • Based on metabolic theories of Alzheimer's disease, since thiamine-dependent processes are critical in glucose metabolism and are diminished in brains of Alzheimer's disease patients at autopsy, and since treatment of mouse models of Alzheimer's disease with benfotiamine diminishes plaques, decreases phosphorylation of tau and reverses memory deficits, benfotiamine administration has been proposed as a possible intervention to reverse biological and clinical processes of Alzheimer's disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Raw CO (rCO) and wine -processed CO (pCO), the main processed products of CO for clinical application, show differences in nourishing kidney yang and ameliorate osteoporosis . (bvsalud.org)
  • In conclusion, this study first investigated the chemical composition and potential pharmacological effects of the main chemical compounds in QZC, which will contribute to the revelation of bioactive compounds in QZC and provide evidence for clinical application. (hindawi.com)
  • Preclinical to clinical translation shows the importance of pharmacology in the drug discovery/development process. (bps.ac.uk)
  • This review provides an overview of their structural simplicity, precursor processing, biological activities and evolution, and sheds insight into their potential clinical and agricultural applications. (nih.gov)
  • They assert that the contribution to preventable deaths by a diet dominated by highly processed foods is comparable to that of tobacco products, and as such, like Unwin, the authors seek clinical recognition and a more formalized protocol to manage food addiction. (medscape.com)
  • Anxiety patients were used as a clinical control group to distinguish attentional processes specific for misophonia. (lu.se)
  • Over the past three decades, clinical and pharmacological studies have accumulated a body of evidence that not only demonstrated these therapeutic effects, but also provided significant insights into the pharmacokinetic behavior, therapeutic profile, and mode of action of scutellarin in humans and animal models. (cdc.gov)
  • Recognised the team at Vertex Pharmaceuticals responsible for the development of lumacraftor/ivacaftor, based on a novel, innovative pharmacological mechanism of action and treating a significant unmet medical need in patients suffering from Cystic Fibrosis. (bps.ac.uk)
  • Here we review the current literature on scutellarin to provide a comprehensive understanding of the pharmacological activity, mechanism of action, toxicity, and therapeutic potential of scutellarin for the treatment of ischemia, diabetic complications, and other chronic diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • Love and addiction: the devil is in the differences: a commentary on "The behavioral, anatomical and pharmacological parallels between social attachment, love and addiction. (springer.com)
  • An endogenous substance or a drug that can interact with a receptor and initiate a physiological or a pharmacological response characteristic of that receptor (contraction, relaxation, secretion, enzyme activation, etc. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • Ion channel modulation by general anesthetics is a vital pharmacological process with implications for receptor biophysics and drug development. (rcsb.org)
  • Effective pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments remain elusive. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Psychological versus pharmacological treatments of bulimia nervosa: predictors and processes of change. (bvsalud.org)
  • These work by intercepting the inflammatory process at the molecular level. (reportlinker.com)
  • In addition, the molecular function of some of the described proteins suggests a central role for SVEVs in the cytotoxicity of the snake venom and sheds new light in the envenomation process. (nature.com)
  • Obstetric nurses' perspective: use of non-pharmacological methods for the relief of labor pain. (bvsalud.org)
  • To understand the perspective of obstetric nurses on the use of non- pharmacological methods for the relief of labor pain. (bvsalud.org)
  • Study means to speed up the process of making newly selected INN known to the public before the "official publication", through a preliminary publication of a reduced set of data on the Web (e.g., including only the proposed INN and a statement on the pharmacological action and therapeutic use of the substance in question). (who.int)
  • Dr. Cohen's research concerns the psychological processes underlying ideological extremism and violence on both the interpersonal and international levels. (cuny.edu)
  • A chemical or pharmacological stress test uses a medication that increases your heart load in the place of exercise. (dignityhealth.org)
  • The degree has an engaging and dynamic curriculum that deals with the underpinning science of the drug development process, including physical, chemical and biological concepts. (qub.ac.uk)
  • A greater understanding of detrusor physiology as well as the development of effective drugs for solving the dynamic and static components of the obstruction in the prostate and bladder neck have paved the path for the ubiquity of pharmacological therapy for BPH. (medscape.com)
  • Pharmacological BPH therapy protocols advocate the use of α-blockers (ABs) and 5α-reductase inhibitors (5ARI), individually or in combination, as well as phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitors, individually or concomitantly with ABs. (medscape.com)
  • Allergy follows to a certain extent the pharmacological/toxicological paradigm of dose-response relationship. (cdc.gov)
  • Our methods rely on pharmacological approaches and transgenic animals. (unifr.ch)
  • The Functional Neuroimaging laboratory at the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia ( https://www.fnimg.iit.it/ ), Rovereto (Italy), invites applications for an industrially funded PhD scholarship aimed at investigating pharmacological modulation of brain connectivity in the mammalian brain. (fens.org)
  • These proteins are responsible for inducing several pharmacological effects aiming to immobilize and initiate the pre-digestion of the prey. (nature.com)
  • Besides, all these compounds were proven to have potential pharmacological activity in the treatment of RA based on network pharmacology analysis. (hindawi.com)
  • By a broad mass spectrometry based approach on whole cells we are in the process of identifying additional such proteins and their phosphorylation status. (lu.se)
  • The nutrient signaling pathways are coupled to cellular processes, and the cross-talk between the two is critical in maintaining a well-balanced systemic function of the body. (standardprocess.com)
  • Innovative pharmacological solutions continuously redefine psoriatic arthritis treatment. (reportlinker.com)
  • Unlike effects of pharmacologically and toxicologically active substances, allergens elicit their adverse effects in a two-stage process. (cdc.gov)
  • Our BSc degree course in Pharmaceutical Sciences is designed to create the next generation of pharmaceutical scientists, able to work in all stages of the drug development process as part of a multi-disciplinary research team. (qub.ac.uk)
  • The project will be at the intersection of pharmacological neuroscience and brain imaging, and will entail multiple shared research, as well as secondments at the headquarters of an industrial partner. (fens.org)
  • The potential impact of citron and its bioactive components to prevent or reverse destructive deregulated processes responsible for certain diseases has attracted different researchers' attention. (rsc.org)
  • Physiological manifestations like stress, and poor diet may negatively impact other systems in the body via specific cellular processes. (standardprocess.com)
  • Hemp oil and omega-3 oil may support the resolution phase of the inflammatory process by providing PUFAs which are known to be precursors to endocannabinoids. (standardprocess.com)
  • This suggests that the changes in D1R following pair bonding are induced via mechanisms that are independent of addiction-related processes. (springer.com)
  • LONDON - Highly processed foods meet the same criteria as tobacco for addiction, and labeling them as such might benefit public health, according to a new US study that proposes a set of criteria to assess the addictive potential of some foods. (medscape.com)
  • Based on their pharmacological activities and peptide size similarity, we have classified these peptides into six subfamilies. (nih.gov)
  • Scutellarin is an herbal flavonoid glucuronide with multiple pharmacological activities. (cdc.gov)
  • How do systemic factors modulate this process? (unifr.ch)
  • A pharmacological stress test is done when an exercise stress test is not possible due to physical limitations like back trouble, joint disease, prior stroke, dizziness or shortness of breath. (dignityhealth.org)
  • Meanwhile, the authors of the US study, led by Ashley N. Gearhardt, PhD, a psychologist from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, write that the ability of highly processed foods (HPFs) "to rapidly deliver high doses of refined carbohydrates and/or fat appear key to their addictive potential. (medscape.com)
  • To target hypoglossal motoneurons with simultaneous pharmacological and optical stimuli we used customized "opto-dialysis" probes and chronically implanted them in mice expressing a light sensitive cation channel exclusively on cholinergic neurons (ChAT-ChR2, n = 12) and wild-type mice lacking the opsin (n = 10). (nature.com)
  • The administrative process has to be standardised: the application forms and the number and content of the documents required should be identical or at least similar. (bmj.com)
  • The update will focus on pharmacological management of chronic heart failure. (nice.org.uk)
  • With the assistance of the INN Expert Group, study the feasibility of means to speed up the selection process, including the possibility for more meetings, using modern technology, for example, electronic voting and teleconferences. (who.int)
  • Final admission to the doctoral school entails a competitive selection process, as per the doctoral school regulations. (fens.org)
  • Any interested party can informally contact Dr Alessandro Gozzi ([email protected]) to gather more information about the position, the project and the selection process. (fens.org)