Orf virus
Ecthyma, Contagious
Parapoxvirus
Pseudocowpox virus
Goats
Sheep
Vaccinia virus
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-like protein from orf virus NZ2 binds to VEGFR2 and neuropilin-1. (1/78)
Orf virus, a member of the poxvirus family, produces a pustular dermatitis in sheep, goats, and humans. The lesions induced after infection with orf virus show extensive proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, dilation of blood vessels and dermal swelling. An explanation for the nature of these lesions may lie in the discovery that orf virus encodes an apparent homolog of the mammalian vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of molecules. These molecules mediate endothelial cell proliferation, vascular permeability, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis via the endothelial cell receptors VEGFR-1 (Flt1), VEGFR-2 (KDR/Flk1), and VEGFR-3 (Flt4). The VEGF-like protein of orf virus strain NZ2 (ORFV2-VEGF) is most closely related in primary structure to VEGF. In this study we examined the biological activities and receptor specificity of the ORFV2-VEGF protein. ORFV2-VEGF was found to be a disulfide-linked homodimer with a subunit of approximately 25 kDa. ORFV2-VEGF showed mitogenic activity on bovine aortic and human microvascular endothelial cells and induced vascular permeability. ORFV2-VEGF was found to bind and induce autophosphorylation of VEGFR-2 and was unable to bind or activate VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-3, but bound the newly identified VEGF165 receptor neuropilin-1. These results indicate that, from a functional viewpoint, ORFV2-VEGF is indeed a member of the VEGF family of molecules, but is unique, however, in that it utilizes only VEGFR-2 and neuropilin-1. (+info)Orf virus encodes a novel secreted protein inhibitor of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2. (2/78)
The parapoxvirus orf virus encodes a novel soluble protein inhibitor of ovine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-2 (IL-2). The GM-CSF- and IL-2-inhibitory factor (GIF) gene was expressed as an intermediate-late viral gene in orf virus-infected cells. GIF formed homodimers and tetramers in solution, and it bound ovine GM-CSF with a K(d) of 369 pM and ovine IL-2 with a K(d) of 1.04 nM. GIF did not bind human GM-CSF or IL-2 in spite of the fact that orf virus is a human pathogen. GIF was detected in afferent lymph plasma draining the skin site of orf virus reinfection and was associated with reduced levels of lymph GM-CSF. GIF expression by orf virus indicates that GM-CSF and IL-2 are important in host antiviral immunity. (+info)Viral vascular endothelial growth factor plays a critical role in orf virus infection. (3/78)
Infection by the parapoxvirus orf virus causes proliferative skin lesions in which extensive capillary proliferation and dilation are prominent histological features. This infective phenotype may be linked to a unique virus-encoded factor, a distinctive new member of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of molecules. We constructed a recombinant orf virus in which the VEGF-like gene was disrupted and show that inactivation of this gene resulted in the loss of three VEGF activities expressed by the parent virus: mitogenesis of vascular endothelial cells, induction of vascular permeability, and activation of VEGF receptor 2. We used the recombinant orf virus to assess the contribution of the viral VEGF to the vascular response seen during orf virus infection of skin. Our results demonstrate that the viral VEGF, while recognizing a unique profile of the known VEGF receptors (receptor 2 and neuropilin 1), is able to stimulate a striking proliferation of blood vessels in the dermis underlying the site of infection. Furthermore, the data demonstrate that the viral VEGF participates in promoting a distinctive pattern of epidermal proliferation. Loss of a functional viral VEGF resulted in lesions with markedly reduced clinical indications of infection. However, viral replication in the early stages of infection was not impaired, and only at later times did it appear that replication of the recombinant virus might be reduced. (+info)Selective induction of apoptosis in antigen-presenting cells in mice by Parapoxvirus ovis. (4/78)
Viruses have evolved numerous mechanisms to avoid host immune reactions. Here we report a mechanism by which Parapoxvirus ovis (PPVO) interferes with antigen presentation. PPVO (orf virus) causes orf, an acute skin disease of sheep and goats worldwide. Importantly, PPVO can repeatedly infect its host in spite of a vigorous inflammatory and host immune response to the infection. We demonstrate in a mouse system that PPVO induces apoptosis in a significant number of antigen-presenting cells after intraperitoneal injection using the CD95 pathway, thus preventing a primary T-cell response. We also show that PPVO induces a compensatory activation of the immune system. Our results may help to explain the phenomenon that natural PPVO infections in sheep occur repeatedly even after short intervals. They also suggest that the combination of immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory mechanisms is an effective survival strategy that might be used in other viruses as well. (+info)Orf virus encodes a functional dUTPase gene. (5/78)
The present study is the first report on the functional activity of a parapoxvirus-encoded dUTPase. The dUTPase gene of the attenuated orf virus (ORFV), strain D1701, was expressed as a bacterial thioredoxin fusion protein. In vitro assays showed that ORFV dUTPase was highly specific for dUTP as substrate. The enzyme was active over a broad pH range (pH 6.0-9.0), with maximal enzymatic activity at pH 7.0 in the presence of Mg(2+) cations. Kinetic studies of the recombinant ORFV dUTPase revealed an apparent K(m) of 4.0 microM, which is more similar to that of the mammalian or African swine fever virus enzyme than to the K(m) of vaccinia virus dUTPase. Enzyme activity was also found with purified ORFV particles, indicating its virion association. (+info)Orf virus-encoded interleukin-10 stimulates the proliferation of murine mast cells and inhibits cytokine synthesis in murine peritoneal macrophages. (6/78)
Orf virus (ORFV) is the type species of the parapoxvirus genus and produces cutaneous pustular lesions in sheep, goats and humans. The genome encodes a polypeptide with remarkable homology to interleukin-10 (IL-10), particularly ovine IL-10, and also to IL-10-like proteins encoded by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and equine herpesvirus. IL-10 is a pleiotropic cytokine that can exert either immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive effects on many cell types. We have expressed and purified C-terminal FLAG and His(6)-tagged versions of ORFV-IL-10 and shown that ORFV-IL-10 costimulates murine mast cells (MC/9) and inhibits tumour necrosis factor-alpha synthesis in activated mouse peritoneal macrophages. Our results demonstrate that although ORFV-IL-10 is structurally similar to EBV-IL-10 it has evolved a different spectrum of activities. EBV-IL-10 does not stimulate the proliferation of thymocytes or mast cells whereas ORFV-IL-10 has both of these activities. Recent studies show that the critical difference in molecular structure of human IL-10 and EBV-IL-10, which may be the basis of their functional differences, is linked to a single amino acid substitution. Consistent with the activity spectrum reported here for ORFV-IL-10, the viral gene encodes the critical amino acid seen in human IL-10. Although the ORFV-IL-10 gene has clearly undergone significant evolutionary change at the nucleotide level compared with ovine IL-10, it has largely retained the polypeptide structure and functional characteristics of its ovine counterpart, suggesting that mutations of the gene to a potentially more potent immunosuppressive form may compromise the co-existence of host and virus. (+info)Vascular endothelial growth factors encoded by Orf virus show surprising sequence variation but have a conserved, functionally relevant structure. (7/78)
The first report of a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-like gene in Orf virus included the surprising observation that the genes from two isolates (NZ2 and NZ7) shared only 41.1% amino acid sequence identity. We have examined this sequence disparity by determining the VEGF gene sequence of 21 isolates of Orf virus derived from diverse sources. Most isolates carried NZ2-like VEGF genes but their predicted amino acid sequences varied by up to 30.8% with an average amino acid identity between pairs of NZ2-like sequences of 86.1%. This high rate of sequence variation is more similar to interspecies than intraspecies variability. In contrast, only three isolates carried an NZ7-like VEGF gene and these varied from the NZ7 sequence by no more than a single nucleotide. The VEGF family are ligands for a set of tyrosine kinase receptors. The viral VEGFs are unique among the family in that they recognize VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) but not VEGFR-1 or VEGFR-3. Comparisons of the viral VEGFs with other family members revealed some correlations between conserved residues and the ability to recognize specific VEGF receptors. Despite the sequence variations, structural predictions for the viral VEGFs were very similar to each other and to the structure determined by X-ray crystallography for human VEGF-A. Structural modelling also revealed that a groove seen in the VEGF-A homodimer and believed to play a role in its binding to VEGFR-1 is blocked in the viral VEGFs. This may contribute to the inability of the viral VEGFs to bind VEGFR-1. (+info)Orf virus-encoded interleukin-10 inhibits maturation, antigen presentation and migration of murine dendritic cells. (8/78)
Orf virus (ORFV) belongs to the genus Parapoxvirus and induces cutaneous pustular lesions in sheep, goats and humans. ORFV is unusual in that it has the ability to reinfect its host and this suggests that the generation of immunological memory has been impaired, thus exposing the host to subsequent infection. The discovery that ORFV encodes an IL-10-like virokine raises the question of whether this factor adversely affects the cells that initiate the acquired immune response. We examined the effect of ORFV-IL-10 on immature murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC). Immature BMDC are activated on exposure to antigen and undergo maturation. This process is characterized by increased expression of CD80, CD86 and MHC class II and reduced antigen uptake. We found that the maturation of BMDC is impaired in cells treated with ORFV-IL-10 prior to antigen exposure and this was exemplified by the reduced expression of the cell-surface markers described above. We have also shown that the activation of a haemagglutinin peptide (HAT)-specific T cell hybridoma by dendritic cell-mediated presentation of HAT and heat-inactivated influenza virus AP8/34 was markedly reduced following exposure to ORFV-IL-10. Finally, we examined the effect of ORFV-IL-10 on Langerhans' cell (LC) migration using cultured murine skin explant tissue and showed that this virokine impaired the spontaneous migration of LC from the epidermis and induced changes in LC morphology. Our findings suggest that ORFV-IL-10 has the capacity to impair the initiation of an acquired immune response and hence inhibit the generation of immunological memory necessary for immunity on subsequent exposure. (+info)Orf virus is a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Parapoxvirus genus, which primarily causes contagious ecthyma, a zoonotic disease affecting sheep and goats, but can also infect humans through direct contact with infected animals, resulting in papular, vesicular, pustular, and eventually crusted lesions.
Orf virus, also known as contagious ecthyma virus, is a member of the Parapoxvirus genus in the Poxviridae family. It primarily affects sheep and goats, causing a contagious skin disease characterized by papules, vesicles, pustules, and scabs, mainly on the mouth and legs. The virus can also infect humans, particularly those who handle infected animals or consume raw meat from an infected animal. In human cases, it typically causes a papular or pustular dermatitis, often on the hands, fingers, or forearms. The infection is usually self-limiting and resolves within 4-6 weeks without scarring.
Ecthyma contagiosum is a deep skin infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium ulcerans or C. pseudotuberculosis, characterized by necrotic ulcers with a raised, darkened border and regional lymphadenopathy, primarily affecting domestic animals and occasionally transmitted to humans through close contact with infected animals or their consumption of unpasteurized dairy products.
Contagious ecthyma is a skin infection caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes or Staphylococcus aureus. It is also known as "contagious pustular dermatosis" or "infectious ecthyma." The infection typically affects exposed areas of the body, such as the hands and feet, and causes lesions that progress from papules to pustules, then to shallow ulcers with a necrotic base.
The infection is spread through direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated objects. It is more common in people with weakened immune systems, poor hygiene, or who live in crowded conditions. Contagious ecthyma can be treated with antibiotics, either topical or systemic, and good wound care to prevent secondary infections. If left untreated, the infection can lead to complications such as cellulitis, lymphangitis, or bacteremia.
Parapoxvirus is a genus of double-stranded DNA viruses in the Poxviridae family, characterized by causing localized, often self-limiting skin eruptions in various mammals, including humans who contract the virus through direct contact with infected animals or fomites.
Parapoxvirus is a genus of viruses in the Poxviridae family, which includes several species that can infect mammals such as sheep, goats, and humans. These viruses are characterized by causing localized, papular, and pustular skin lesions in their hosts. The most common species that infect humans are Orf virus and Parapoxvirus ovis (also known as contagious ecthyma virus or pseudocowpox virus).
Human infections with parapoxviruses typically occur through direct contact with infected animals or their products, such as wool, hair, or milk. The incubation period for these viruses ranges from 3 to 10 days after exposure, and the infection usually manifests as a single, painful, red, and fluid-filled lesion that progresses into a scab over time.
Parapoxvirus infections are generally self-limiting and resolve within 4-6 weeks without specific treatment. However, secondary bacterial infections can occur and may require antibiotics. It is essential to prevent transmission of the virus through good hygiene practices and avoiding contact with infected animals or their products.
Pseudocowpox virus, medically defined, is a parapoxvirus that primarily infects cattle, causing lesions known as pseudocowpox or milker's nodules, and can incidentally infect humans through close contact with infected animals, resulting in mild, self-limited cutaneous eruptions.
Pseudocowpox virus, also known as Parapoxvirus of cows, is a double-stranded DNA virus that belongs to the family Poxviridae and genus Parapoxvirus. It primarily infects cattle, causing a disease called pseudocowpox or paravaccinia, which is characterized by the formation of scabby lesions on the teats and udders of infected animals. The virus can also incidentally infect humans, mainly through close contact with infected animals or their contaminated materials, causing a condition known as milker's nodules or paravaccinia in humans. However, it is essential to note that pseudocowpox virus is not related to the cowpox virus, which is a different species within the Orthopoxvirus genus.
Poxviridae infections refer to diseases caused by the Poxviridae family of large, complex viruses, including serious and potentially fatal illnesses such as smallpox, cowpox, monkeypox, and vaccinia, which can manifest symptoms like fever, rash, and lesions, and are primarily transmitted through direct contact with infected animals or humans, contaminated objects, or respiratory droplets.
Poxviridae infections refer to diseases caused by the Poxviridae family of viruses, which are large, complex viruses with a double-stranded DNA genome. This family includes several pathogens that can infect humans, such as Variola virus (which causes smallpox), Vaccinia virus (used in the smallpox vaccine and can rarely cause infection), Monkeypox virus, and Cowpox virus.
These viruses typically cause skin lesions or pocks, hence the name "Poxviridae." The severity of the disease can vary depending on the specific virus and the immune status of the host. Smallpox, once a major global health threat, was declared eradicated by the World Health Organization in 1980 thanks to a successful vaccination campaign. However, other Poxviridae infections continue to pose public health concerns, particularly in regions with lower vaccination rates and where animal reservoirs exist.
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I'm sorry for any confusion, but "goats" is not a term commonly used in medical definitions. It is a common noun referring to the domesticated animal species Capra aegagrus hircus. If you have any questions about a specific medical condition or term, please provide that and I would be happy to help.
A sheep is a domesticated ruminant mammal, specifically an artiodactyl of the family Bovidae, commonly raised for its wool, meat, and milk, with a worldwide population of over 1 billion. While I understand your question was likely in jest, as there's no medical definition of 'sheep', it's worth noting that sheep may be mentioned in medical contexts due to their usage in research or the production of medical products, such as lanolin from wool being used in skin creams.
I apologize, but "sheep" is not a term that has a medical definition. It is a common animal with the scientific name Ovis aries. If you have any medical or health-related questions, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you.
"Viral proteins are molecules encoded by the viral genome, synthesized within the host cell, and play structural or enzymatic roles during the viral life cycle, including entry, replication, assembly, and release from the host."
Viral proteins are the proteins that are encoded by the viral genome and are essential for the viral life cycle. These proteins can be structural or non-structural and play various roles in the virus's replication, infection, and assembly process. Structural proteins make up the physical structure of the virus, including the capsid (the protein shell that surrounds the viral genome) and any envelope proteins (that may be present on enveloped viruses). Non-structural proteins are involved in the replication of the viral genome and modulation of the host cell environment to favor viral replication. Overall, a thorough understanding of viral proteins is crucial for developing antiviral therapies and vaccines.
RNA viruses are a large category of viruses that utilize Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) as their genetic material, which can be either single-stranded or double-stranded, and replicate through various mechanisms, including those using both RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase enzymes.
RNA viruses are a type of virus that contain ribonucleic acid (RNA) as their genetic material, as opposed to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). RNA viruses replicate by using an enzyme called RNA-dependent RNA polymerase to transcribe and replicate their RNA genome.
There are several different groups of RNA viruses, including:
1. Negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses: These viruses have a genome that is complementary to the mRNA and must undergo transcription to produce mRNA before translation can occur. Examples include influenza virus, measles virus, and rabies virus.
2. Positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses: These viruses have a genome that can serve as mRNA and can be directly translated into protein after entry into the host cell. Examples include poliovirus, rhinoviruses, and coronaviruses.
3. Double-stranded RNA viruses: These viruses have a genome consisting of double-stranded RNA and use a complex replication strategy involving both transcription and reverse transcription. Examples include rotaviruses and reoviruses.
RNA viruses are known to cause a wide range of human diseases, ranging from the common cold to more severe illnesses such as hepatitis C, polio, and COVID-19. Due to their high mutation rates and ability to adapt quickly to new environments, RNA viruses can be difficult to control and treat with antiviral drugs or vaccines.
"Goat diseases" is a broad term referring to various infectious and non-infectious medical conditions affecting goats, including but not limited to parasitic infestations, bacterial and viral infections, metabolic disorders, and nutritional deficiencies.
I believe there may be a misunderstanding in your question. "Goat diseases" refers to illnesses that affect goats specifically. It does not mean diseases that are caused by goats or related to them in some way. Here are some examples of goat diseases:
1. Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE): A viral disease that affects goats, causing arthritis, pneumonia, and sometimes encephalitis.
2. Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL): A bacterial disease that causes abscesses in the lymph nodes of goats.
3. Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP): A contagious respiratory disease caused by mycoplasma bacteria.
4. Johne's Disease: A chronic wasting disease caused by a type of bacterium called Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis.
5. Pasteurellosis: A bacterial disease that can cause pneumonia, septicemia, and other infections in goats.
6. Salmonellosis: A bacterial disease caused by Salmonella bacteria, which can cause diarrhea, fever, and septicemia in goats.
7. Soremouth (Orf): A viral disease that causes sores and scabs around the mouth and nose of goats.
These are just a few examples of diseases that can affect goats. If you have any specific questions about goat health or diseases, I would recommend consulting with a veterinarian who specializes in small ruminants.
Vaccinia virus is a large, complex DNA virus belonging to the Poxviridae family, used in the production of the smallpox vaccine and known for its ability to induce both humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
Vaccinia virus is a large, complex DNA virus that belongs to the Poxviridae family. It is the virus used in the production of the smallpox vaccine. The vaccinia virus is not identical to the variola virus, which causes smallpox, but it is closely related and provides cross-protection against smallpox infection.
The vaccinia virus has a unique replication cycle that occurs entirely in the cytoplasm of infected cells, rather than in the nucleus like many other DNA viruses. This allows the virus to evade host cell defenses and efficiently produce new virions. The virus causes the formation of pocks or lesions on the skin, which contain large numbers of virus particles that can be transmitted to others through close contact.
Vaccinia virus has also been used as a vector for the delivery of genes encoding therapeutic proteins, vaccines against other infectious diseases, and cancer therapies. However, the use of vaccinia virus as a vector is limited by its potential to cause adverse reactions in some individuals, particularly those with weakened immune systems or certain skin conditions.
'Molecular sequence data' refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, such as nucleotides in DNA or amino acids in proteins, that are represented in a linear fashion and used to identify, compare, and analyze biological characteristics or relationships among organisms at the molecular level.
Molecular sequence data refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, most commonly nucleotides in DNA or RNA, or amino acids in proteins, that make up a biological macromolecule. This data is generated through laboratory techniques such as sequencing, and provides information about the exact order of the constituent molecules. This data is crucial in various fields of biology, including genetics, evolution, and molecular biology, allowing for comparisons between different organisms, identification of genetic variations, and studies of gene function and regulation.
Orf (disease)
"Orf Virus - an overview , ScienceDirect Topics". "ClinicalKey". Wikimedia Commons has media related to Orf (animal disease). ... The virus can survive in the soil for at least six months. Orf is primarily a disease of sheep and goats although it has been ... In one case it was shown that a severe form of orf virus caused an outbreak involving the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, heart ... ISBN 978-0-323-54753-6. "Orf Virus (Sore Mouth Infection)". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 15 June 2017 ...
Poxviridae
Orthopoxvirus: smallpox virus (variola), vaccinia virus, cowpox virus, monkeypox virus; Parapoxvirus: orf virus, pseudocowpox, ... However, several poxviruses including vaccinia virus, myxoma virus, tanapox virus and raccoon pox virus are currently being ... Ectromelia virus and Monkeypox virus do not group closely with any other member. Variola virus and Camelpox virus form a ... tanapox virus, yaba monkey tumor virus; Molluscipoxvirus: molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV). The most common are vaccinia (seen ...
Lymphocystivirus
"Investigations on the ORF 167L of Lymphocystis Disease Virus (Iridoviridae)". Virus Genes. 28 (1): 19-39. doi:10.1023/B:VIRU. ... Lymphocystis disease virus 1 Lymphocystis disease virus 2 Lymphocystis disease virus 3 Lymphocystis disease virus 4 ... "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021. Tidona ... Fibroblasts and osteoblasts are specifically targeted by the virus. Lymphocystis viruses are not easily grown in cell culture, ...
Japanese serow
Inoshima, Yasuo (2010). "Spatial and Temporal Genetic Homogeneity of Orf Viruses Infecting Japanese Serows (Capricornis crispus ...
Antigenic variation
Lyttle, D J (Jan 1994). "Homologs of vascular endothelial growth factor are encoded by the poxvirus orf virus". Journal of ... Flaviviridae is a family of viruses that encompasses well known viruses such as West Nile virus and Dengue virus. The genus ... As the viruses replicate, they reassort and the genes of the two species get mixed up when packaged into a new budding virus. ... Viruses in general have much faster rate of mutation of their genomes than human or bacterial cells. In general viruses with ...
Alphasatellite
A putative second ORF in the genome of an alphasatellite virus has been described. The significance of this finding (if any) is ... These viruses were earlier known as DNA 1 components. These viruses are generally found in the Old World. A number have been ... "Virus Taxonomy: 2022 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2023. Retrieved 14 August 2023. ... Alphasatellites are a single-stranded DNA family of satellite viruses that depend on the presence of another virus (helper ...
Paravaccinia virus
It may appear similar to cowpox and orf. Paravaccinia virus originates from livestock infected with bovine papular stomatitis. ... Pseudocowpox is a disease caused by the Paravaccinia virus or Pseudocowpox virus, a virus of the family Poxviridae and the ... The virus is resistant to cold, dehydration, and temperatures up to 56 °C. Upon injecting a cell with its genome, the virus ... This disease in humans is nearly identical to orf. "Poxviridae". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). ...
Sandra Quackenbush
Transgenic expression of walleye dermal sarcoma virus rv-cyclin (orf A) in Zebrafish does not result in tissue proliferation. ... Studies investigate how a virus (walleye dermal sarcoma virus) is involved in the introduction of sarcomas. Her lab is trying ... Studies focus on the walleye dermal sarcoma virus and inducing sarcomas. The retroviral cyclin of walleye dermal sarcoma virus ... Quackenbush has worked with both gammaretrovirus (feline leukemia virus) and epsilonretrovirus (walleye dermal sarcoma virus) ...
Goldenes Brett
" ["Golden board in front of the head" to virus deniers]. Wien.orf.at. 21 October 2015. Archived from the original on 8 ... ORF, News, Heute and Vice. "Wissenschaftlicher Humbug gesucht" [Scientific humbug wanted]. Wien.orf.at. 24 September 2012. ... " ["Golden board in front of the head" to virus deniers]. Wien.org.at. 21 October 2015. Archived from the original on 8 ...
John Stoffolano
... the ORF virus, and Escherichia coli. In his book Tonino, Stoffolano became the first to produce the lineage of Grillo parlante ...
List of MeSH codes (B04)
... variola virus MeSH B04.280.650.160.670 - parapoxvirus MeSH B04.280.650.160.670.600 - orf virus MeSH B04.280.650.160.670.650 - ... yellow fever virus MeSH B04.820.250.400 - gb virus a MeSH B04.820.250.405 - gb virus b MeSH B04.820.250.410 - GB virus C MeSH ... variola virus MeSH B04.909.204.783.160.670 - parapoxvirus MeSH B04.909.204.783.160.670.600 - orf virus MeSH B04.909.204.783. ... yellow fever virus MeSH B04.909.777.310.400 - gb virus a MeSH B04.909.777.310.405 - gb virus b MeSH B04.909.777.310.410 - GB ...
Amanda Fisher
ORF) disrupts virus cytopathogenicity, and that sor (now called vif) is required for efficient cell to cell transmission of HIV ... Fisher's discoveries in HIV were extensive and critical for future research of the virus's characteristics. She produced the ... providing researchers with access to enough biologically active material to study the function of the virus's genes. She later ... Fisher showed that the transactivator gene tat was essential for virus replication, that truncation of the 3' open reading ...
ATCvet code QI04
QI04AB06 Chlamydia QI04AB08 Erysipelothrix QI04AB09 Mycobacterium QI04AB10 Staphylococcus Empty group QI04AD01 Orf virus/ ... QI04AA01 Louping ill virus QI04AA02 Bluetongue virus QI04AB01 Clostridium QI04AB02 Pasteurella QI04AB03 Bacteroides QI04AB04 ...
Triatoma virus
ORF 2 contains the sequences for four structural proteins VP1, VP2, VP3, and minor protein VP4 which will be the main ... Triatoma virus (TrV) is a virus belonging to the insect virus family Dicistroviridae. Within this family, there are currently 3 ... TrV is a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. It belongs to virus Group IV. Virus groups are based on the Baltimore ... Muscio, O. A.; La Torre, J. L.; Scodeller, E. A. (1988). "Characterization of Triatoma Virus, a Picorna-like Virus Isolated ...
Grapevine virus A
The second ORF is very similar to one of the ORFs in Grapevine virus B. Therefore, the first ORF is what makes Grapevine virus ... The mutations created a new virus that was so different from the original virus, and this new virus eventually got the name ... Preventing the virus from spreading is the best way to ensure virus free plants. Grapevine virus A is transmitted through ... Grapevine virus A has a single-stranded RNA genome, which is similar to that of Grapevine virus B. There are multiple strains ...
Drosophila X virus
The replication of DXV follows the characterized dsRNA virus replication cycle. The large ORF of segment A consists of 3069 ... The small ORF of segment A consists of 711 nucleotides. This ORF is in a location that extends across VP4/VP3 junction, ... Drosophila X virus. In: ICTVdB-The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, ... Drosophila X virus (DXV) belongs to the Birnaviridae family of viruses. Birnaviridae currently consists of three genera. The ...
Saint Louis encephalitis
Scans for natural selection showed that most codons of the SLE virus ORF were evolving neutrally or under negative selection. ... Saint Louis encephalitis virus is related to Japanese encephalitis virus and is a member of the family Flaviviridae. This ... Only infected mosquitoes can transmit Saint Louis encephalitis virus. Once a human has been infected with the virus it is not ... "Islands as Hotspots for Emerging Mosquito-Borne Viruses: A One-Health Perspective". Viruses. 11 (1): 11. doi:10.3390/v11010011 ...
Haloarcula hispanica SH1 virus
ORF 17 encodes a protein with ATPase domain. Bamford DH, Ravantti JJ, Rönnholm G, Laurinavicius S, Kukkaro P, Dyall-Smith M, ... Haloarcula hispanica SH1 virus is a double-stranded DNA virus that infects the archaeon Haloarcula hispanica. This virus has a ... However similarities have since been found with the Thermus thermophilus virus P23-77 and the Thermus aquaticus virus IN93. ... These viruses may form a new taxon when in the next revision of the taxonomy by the ICTV. The virons are icosahedral in shape ...
Rio Negro virus
There are 2 open reading frames (ORF) on the genome. The proteins (E1, E2, and C) are encoded in the C-terminal ORF near the 3 ... Closely related viruses include Mucambo virus and Everglades virus. Rio Negro virus is a spherical, enveloped virus. The ... The virus was first called Ag80-663 but was renamed to Rio Negro virus in 2005. It is a former member of the Venezuelan equine ... In horses, the virus attacks the central nervous system, causing paralysis and eventual death. When the virus infects humans, ...
Sweet potato leaf curl virus
The genome contains six open reading frames (ORF). Two are located on virion sense strand which runs 3' to 5' (V1 and V2). The ... Examples include Sweet potato Golden vein associated virus (SPGVaV), Sweet potato mosaic virus, Ipomoea leaf curl virus (ILCV ... virus Sweet potato leaf curl Sichuan virus 1 Sweet potato leaf curl Sichuan virus 2 Sweet potato leaf curl South Carolina virus ... Sweet potato leaf curl virus Puerto Rico Sweet potato leaf curl Canary virus (SPLCCaV) Sweet potato leaf curl China virus ( ...
ORF3b
It is the only ORF in the Sarbecovirus subgenus with significant length variations among known related viruses. Its sequence is ... As a result, some papers have used the term "ORF3b" to refer to a later ORF with 57 codons. Exacerbating the confusion, both ... In addition, the putative product of yet a third ORF of 41 codons has at least once been described as "3b protein". Numerous ... February 2020). "Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and ...
HNRNPA1
... a positive sense RNA virus, hnRNP A1 interacts with a crucial region near the 3' end of the virus' open reading frame (ORF) ... hnRNP A1's pro-viral effect is present in the Sindbis virus (a positive sense RNA virus) infection model. hnRNP A1 has been ... In the case of some viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1), contradictory results have been reported in ... hnRNP A1 is involved in the life cycle of DNA, positive sense RNA, and negative sense RNA viruses are multiple stages post- ...
Milker's nodule
393 Milker's nodule is caused by Paravaccinia virus. The disease in humans is nearly identical to Orf.[citation needed] ... It was caused by double-stranded DNA virus of the Parapoxvirus genus. Parapoxvirus usually presents in the saliva, nasal ... Virus-related cutaneous conditions, All stub articles, Infection-related cutaneous condition stubs). ...
Raccoonpox virus
Hybridizations also indicate that orthopoxvirus regulatory sequences flanking the HA ORF are rather conserved. RCN vaccine- ... Raccoonpox virus (RCN) is a double-stranded DNA virus and a member of the orthopoxviruses in the family Poxviridae and ... Unlike the HA of other vaccinia-like viruses, the HA of RCN did not cross-react with monkeypox virus HA. Though RPV is a close ... The sera partially cross-reacted with a vaccinia virus HA preparation, suggesting a close relation between the viruses. ...
Feline immunodeficiency virus
An additional short ORF termed orfA (also known as orf2) precedes the env gene. The function of OrfA in viral replication is ... FIV and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) are sometimes mistaken for one another though the viruses differ in many ways. Although ... variations of the virus strains. "Single-strain" vaccines, i.e., vaccines that only protect against a single virus variant, ... or even spending funds to test for the virus. The virus gains entry to host cells through the interaction of its own envelope ...
Sea turtle tornovirus 1
ORF 2 has some homology to the viral protein 2 of chicken anaemia virus. ORF 3 has no homology to any known protein. Similarly ... ORF 1, 2, 3) and two others (ORF 4 and 5) may also be present. The genome is of negative polarity. ORF 1 possesses a putative ... It has a low level of homology to the Circovirus chicken anemia virus. The virus can be isolated from the blood and all the ... Sea turtle tornovirus 1 is a single stranded DNA virus that was isolated from a turtle with fibropapillomatosis in 2009. The ...
HHV Latency Associated Transcript
"Simian varicella virus expresses a latency associated transcript that is antisense to ORF 61 (ICP0) mRNA in neural ganglia of ... Herpes virus may establish lifelong infection during which a reservoir virus population survives in host nerve cells for long ... LAT-positive virus strains, that expression of LAT in neurons represses the expression of several lytic gene products, ... Simian varicella virus (SVV) is a Varicellovirus (a Genus of Subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae) which expresses an HHV LAT homolog ...
Orbivirus
... from sequence analysis of various orbiviruses including segment 9 of Great Island virus which contained a long NS4 ORF (around ... Changuinola virus Irituia virus Jamanxi virus Jari virus Gurupi virus Monte Dourado virus Ourem virus Purus virus Saraca virus ... virus Above Maiden virus Ieri virus Lebombo virus Orungo virus Palyam virus Peruvian horse sickness virus St Croix River virus ... virus Great Island virus Kemerovo virus Essaouira virus Kala iris virus Mill Door/79 virus Rabbit syncytium virus Tribeč virus ...
Prune dwarf virus
RNA1 and RNA2 each has only a single ORF, encodes P1 protein and P2 protein, respectively. RNA3 posseses two ORFs which encodes ... Prune dwarf virus (PDV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Bromoviridae. It causes dwarfism of leaves on certain prune ... doi:10.1007/s42161-023-01412-2. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database: Prune dwarf virus Family Groups - The Baltimore Method v ... "Molecular Biology of Prune Dwarf Virus-A Lesser Known Member of the Bromoviridae but a Vital Component in the Dynamic Virus- ...
Xi River virus
NCBI ORF finder - A web based interactive tool for predicting and analysing ORFs from nucleotide sequences. (CS1 errors: ... Bat-borne virus Double-stranded RNA viruses Nelson Bay virus Oncolytic virus Orphan virus Du, L; Lu, Z; Fan, Y; Meng, K; Jiang ... Xi River virus (XRV) is a putative novel bat virus in the genus Orthoreovirus isolated from fruit bats in Guangdong Province in ... XRV has the same morphology and high sequence identity as Nelson Bay virus (NBV), and a 10-segmented double-stranded RNA genome ...
ParapoxvirusContagious pustular dGenesZoonoticEncodesIsolatesGenomeSheepProteinVaccinia virusLesionsClone2020CDNAGoatsMonkeypox virusTransgenicReplicationHumansCharacterizePoxviridaeSmall ruminantsMutationsCharacterizationSmallpoxMolecularGenusGenBankVivoInfectionsInfectiousProteinsImmunityHepatitis B virSequencesDiseasesTransmissionLambsScabby mouthOutbreakRecombinantBenignVaccineHerpesDiseaseSubstancesOccursFrequencyClinicalGenomicChamois
Parapoxvirus8
- Orf virus is a member of the parapoxvirus genus in the Poxvirus family. (cdc.gov)
- Sequences of the Orf virus isolates are compared with homologous sequences for other Parapoxvirus spp. (cdc.gov)
- Orf is caused by infection with the orf virus that belongs to the Parapoxvirus genus, which also includes the milker's nodule virus. (medscape.com)
- [ 5 ] Parapoxvirus is a member of the family Poxviridae, which are double-stranded DNA viruses known to be the largest of all animal viruses. (medscape.com)
- Sequence analysis of the inverted terminal repetition in the genome of the parapoxvirus, orf virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Orf virus, the prototype of parapoxvirus, is the main causative agent of contagious ecthyma. (biomedcentral.com)
- Contagious ecthyma (also known as orf) is a zoonotic, mucocutaneous infection caused by a parapoxvirus (i.e., orf virus). (aafp.org)
- These nodules are caused by paravaccinia virus, a parapoxvirus that causes udder lesions in cows . (msdmanuals.com)
Contagious pustular d4
- Orf, also known as ecthyma contagiosum, contagious pustular dermatitis, infectious labial dermatitis, scabby mouth, or sore mouth, is a viral disease first described in humans in 1934 by Newson and Cross. (medscape.com)
- Contagious ecthyma or alternatively called contagious pustular dermatitis is a viral disease of sheep and goat caused by Orf virus which belongs to the family of poxviridae and based on the classification of international committee on taxonomy of viruses(ICTV), it is one of the notifiable viral disease known to have a zoonotic importance [ 1 , 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Contagious ecthyma (contagious pustular dermatitis) is caused by orf virus, a poxvirus that infects ruminants (most often sheep and goats). (msdmanuals.com)
- Contagious ecthyma (contagious pustular dermatitis) is caused by orf virus. (msdmanuals.com)
Genes7
- Virus Genes , 13 (1), 5-17. (psu.edu)
- The three genes completely deleted were a homologue of dUTPase, a gene that encodes a protein containing ankyrin-like repeats and a homologue of the 5K gene of the vaccinia virus WR strain. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- African swine fever virus (ASFV) is an acute and persistent swine virus with a high economic burden that encodes multiple genes to evade host immune response. (mdpi.com)
- ORF-2 contains genes encoding the capsid. (medscape.com)
- Retroviruses are viruses that contain RNA, the cousin of DNA, which encodes for genes that helps it insert itself into the host DNA. (databasefootball.com)
- LOCUS SOUCAPPRO 7708 bp ss-RNA linear VRL 27-MAR-1996 DEFINITION Southampton virus capsid protein, polyprotein, and ORF genes, complete cds. (cdc.gov)
- Orthopoxviruses and Monkeypox virus were detected in the organs by PCR using consensus primers targeting the virus surface membrane haemagglutinin (HA) genes, while Leptospira species were detected by PCR using primers targeting the rrs and lfb1 genes. (bvsalud.org)
Zoonotic2
- Orf is a zoonotic disease, meaning humans can contract this disorder through direct contact with infected sheep and goats or with fomites carrying the orf virus. (wikipedia.org)
- Human monkeypox is a viral zoonotic infection caused by monkeypox virus, an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus of the genus Orthopoxvirus and family Poxviridae that also contain smallpox, cowpox, Orf, and vaccinia viruses. (bvsalud.org)
Encodes1
- The envelope gene (B2L) of the virus encodes for a highly immunogenic envelope protein [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Isolates5
- After injection into primary lamb keratinocytes ( 4 ), the in wild ruminants in Stelvio Park, Italy, we sequenced and viruses showed signs of cytopathic effect after at least 1 compared the DNA of several isolates. (cdc.gov)
- PCR was used to amplify the PPV B2L gene encoding that the red deer isolates are closely related to the parapox a major envelop protein ( 3,5 ), and a specifi c amplifi cation of red deer in New Zealand virus. (cdc.gov)
- orf virus (OV), bovine papular stomatitis virus (BPSV), The PPV isolates from chamois and ibex were closely pseudocowpox virus (PCPV), and parapox of red deer related to OV with 98.2%-99.3% identity at the nt level in New Zealand virus (PVNZ). (cdc.gov)
- We amplifi ed the forms in reindeer were shown to be closely related to OV vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) gene of the virus and PCPV, excluding the circulation of PVNZ in red deer isolates ( 7 ), which enabled us to obtain a specifi c these countries ( 2 , 3 ). (cdc.gov)
- Through restrictive endonuclease analysis of the genomes of isolates, molluscum contagiosum virus types I-IV have been identified. (medscape.com)
Genome8
- The virus genome consists of linear double-stranded DNA ranging from 134 up to 139 kb [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- CRISPR/Cas9 editing of endogenous banana streak virus in the B genome of Musa spp. (nature.com)
- Presence of the integrated endogenous banana streak virus (eBSV) in the B genome of plantain (AAB) is a major challenge for breeding and dissemination of hybrids. (nature.com)
- It is an unenveloped, non-covalently closed, bacilliform double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus with a monopartite genome of ~7.2-7.8 kb encoding three open-reading frames (ORFs). (nature.com)
- It also restricts germplasm movement of genotypes with the B genome worldwide due to this potential activation of eBSV into the episomal infectious form of virus. (nature.com)
- Genome condensation and packaging are essential processes in the life cycle of viruses. (mdpi.com)
- The hepatitis E virus (HEV) genome contains three open reading frames (ORFs). (medscape.com)
- A Custom Hepatitis A Virus Assay for Whole-Genome Sequencing. (cdc.gov)
Sheep7
- This virus primarily causes an infection in sheep and goats, although it can be transmitted to people. (cdc.gov)
- Orf has been reported in people who prepare sheep or goats for religious feasts. (medscape.com)
- The vaccine used in sheep to prevent orf is live and has been known to cause disease in humans. (wikipedia.org)
- More typically, sheep will become free of orf within a week or so as the disease runs its course. (wikipedia.org)
- a total of 400 randomly selected sheep and goat was screened for the identification of the virus using amplification of B2L gene and transfection of mammalian cells (VERO cells). (biomedcentral.com)
- Scabby mouth (contagious ecthyma, orf) is a highly contagious, viral disease of sheep, goats and occasionally humans. (vic.gov.au)
- The scabby mouth virus infects a sheep through abrasions in the skin. (vic.gov.au)
Protein5
- [ 10 , 11 ] Orf also produces protein that inhibits IL-2 and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and a vascular endothelial growth factor homolog. (medscape.com)
- In this work, we have revealed that early viral protein UBCv1, the only known conjugating enzyme encoded by a virus, modulates innate immune and inflammatory signaling. (mdpi.com)
- 2015 ) Structures of Orf Virus Chemokine Binding Protein in Complex with Host Chemokines Reveal Clues to Broad Binding Specificity. (academictree.org)
- Effects of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein on the expression of inflammatory cytokines. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Human immunodeficiency virus Vpr product is a virion-associated regulatory protein. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Vaccinia virus6
- Vaccinia virus-like early transcriptional control sequences flank an early gene in orf virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- In vivo recognition of orf virus early transcriptional promoters in a vaccinia virus recombinant. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Localization and sequence of a vaccinia virus gene required for multiplication in human cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- The complete DNA sequence of vaccinia virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Vaccinia virus (VACV) has had an important role for humanity because of its use during the smallpox eradication campaign. (scite.ai)
- Rabbitpox virus is a subspecies of VACCINIA VIRUS . (lookformedical.com)
Lesions7
- Animals infected with orf virus tyically develop scabby sores (lesions) around their lips, muzzle, and in their mouth. (cdc.gov)
- The orf lesions usually heal completely with no scarring in about 35 days (4-8 wk). (medscape.com)
- Immunocompromised patients with orf can have progressive, destructive lesions requiring medical interventions such as antiviral therapy, reduction of immunosuppression, and surgical debridement. (medscape.com)
- Skin lesions of orf and anthrax exhibit a similar appearance and course. (aafp.org)
- Molluscum contagiosum virus causes characteristic skin lesions consisting of single or, more often, multiple, rounded, dome-shaped, pink, waxy papules that are 2-5 mm (rarely up to 1.5 cm in the case of a giant molluscus) in diameter. (medscape.com)
- The molluscum contagiosum virus may be inoculated along a line of minor skin trauma (eg, from shaving), resulting in lesions arranged in a linear pattern (see the image below). (medscape.com)
- In a patient who had preexisting molluscum contagiosum, the virus was inoculated along a line of minor skin trauma, resulting in the development of the 3 new lesions. (medscape.com)
Clone2
- This clone was engineered to express the complete ORF with an expression tag. (origene.com)
- The ORF clone is ion-exchange column purified and shipped in a 2D barcoded Matrix tube containing 10ug of transfection-ready, dried plasmid DNA (reconstitute with 100 ul of water). (origene.com)
20202
CDNA1
- Original source text: Southampton virus cDNA to genomic RNA. (cdc.gov)
Goats1
- Molecular characterization and phylogenetic evaluation of orf virus remoted from goats in Sokoto metropolis, Nigeria Purpose: The goal of this research was to molecularly characterize orf virus remoted from medical infections in goats in Sokoto metropolis. (locusdiscovery.com)
Monkeypox virus9
- and monkeypox virus. (cdc.gov)
- Intragenomic sequence transposition in monkeypox virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Incidence of human mpox has been increasing in West and Central Africa, including in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), where monkeypox virus (MPXV) is endemic. (researchgate.net)
- We review the evidence for respiratory transmission of monkeypox virus (MPXV), examining key works from animal models, human outbreaks and case reports, and environmental studies. (researchgate.net)
- To investigate animal reservoirs of monkeypox virus in Nigeria, we sampled 240 rodents during 2018-2019. (researchgate.net)
- Genetic Variability of the Monkeypox Virus Clade IIb B.1. (cdc.gov)
- ORF-Interrupting Mutations in Monkeypox Virus Genomes from Washington and Ohio, 2022. (cdc.gov)
- Ebola virus disease outbreak occurred in 2014 in Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone, Monkeypox virus in Nigeria in 2017 and most recently Lassa virus in Nigeria, Togo and Benin in 2018. (bvsalud.org)
- Monkeypox virus was not detected from studied small mammals. (bvsalud.org)
Transgenic3
- Expression of open reading frame (ORF) VI of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana caused a typical syndrome characterised by leaf chlorosis, vein clearing, plant stunting and reduced fertility. (psu.edu)
- In these aspects, the ORF VI transgenic plants resembled late flowering mutants. (psu.edu)
- All these phenotypes correlated with expression of ORF VI in three lines of transgenic plants which were produced independently, with different Ti-plasmid derived vectors and with different selective markers. (psu.edu)
Replication3
- Orf virus replication in bovine testis cells: kinetics of viral DNA, polypeptide, and infectious virus production and analysis of virion polypeptides. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Natural HIV-1 Nef accelerates virus replication in primary human lymphocytes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- The largest, ORF-1, codes for the nonstructural proteins responsible for viral replication. (medscape.com)
Humans4
- [ 2 ] Orf is transmitted to humans through direct contact with an infected animal or, less commonly, contaminated fomites. (medscape.com)
- Humans occasionally become infected with the scabby mouth virus. (vic.gov.au)
- The disease in humans is called orf. (vic.gov.au)
- Molluscum contagiosum virus causes a benign viral infection that is largely (if not exclusively) a disease of humans. (medscape.com)
Characterize1
- Amid the global 2022 mpox outbreak, new estimates are needed to characterize the virus' epide. (researchgate.net)
Poxviridae1
- Molluscum contagiosum virus is an unclassified member of the Poxviridae family. (medscape.com)
Small ruminants1
- Infection with orf virus occurs throughout the world, wherever small ruminants exist. (cdc.gov)
Mutations1
- Most of the HERV are inactive because of years of deletions and mutations that changed the virus from its original form. (databasefootball.com)
Characterization1
- Characterization of novel Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) antisense transcripts by deep sequencing reveals constitutive expression in tumors and transcriptional interaction with viral microRNAs. (bordet.be)
Smallpox1
- The most well known member of the genus is variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox. (cdc.gov)
Molecular3
- Molecular (real-time PCR) and serologic (IgM) evidence indicated orthopoxvirus infections, but presence of mon- keypox virus was not confirmed. (researchgate.net)
- The foamy virus family: molecular biology, epidemiology and neuropathology. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- Specific molecular components of the cell capable of recognizing and interacting with a virus, and which, after binding it, are capable of generating some signal that initiates the chain of events leading to the biological response. (lookformedical.com)
Genus4
- The viruses in this genus are listed by the World Organizations for Animal Health (OIE: Office International des Epizooties) as important animal diseases that require notification. (cdc.gov)
- Swinepox virus is the sole member of the Suipoxvirus genus. (cdc.gov)
- HEV is an RNA virus of the genus Hepevirus . (medscape.com)
- A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily ALPHAHERPESVIRINAE, consisting of herpes simplex-like viruses. (lookformedical.com)
GenBank1
- Sequence information for each virus corresponds to GenBank accession number/acronym/strain. (cdc.gov)
Vivo1
- The project focussed on the development and testing of recombinant virus vectors to deliver T. gondii antigens in vivo to stimulate specific protective immune responses. (europa.eu)
Infections1
- The majority of orf infections go unreported because the disease is self-limited, and those infected are able to recognize orf and do not seek medical attention. (medscape.com)
Infectious2
- The mechanism by which latent viruses, such as genetically transmitted tumor viruses ( PROVIRUSES ) or PROPHAGES of lysogenic bacteria, are induced to replicate and then released as infectious viruses. (lookformedical.com)
- Virus shedding is an important means of vertical transmission (INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL). (lookformedical.com)
Proteins1
- Proteins found in any species of virus. (lookformedical.com)
Immunity1
- The orf virus is able to produce a homolog of anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)‒10, which contributes to localized suppression of immunity. (medscape.com)
Hepatitis B vir1
- Genetic Diversity and Possible Origins of the Hepatitis B Virus in Siberian Natives. (cdc.gov)
Sequences1
- Here, we report a strategy to inactivate the eBSV by editing the virus sequences. (nature.com)
Diseases3
- Virus diseases caused by the HERPESVIRIDAE. (lookformedical.com)
- A general term for diseases produced by viruses. (lookformedical.com)
- Viral diseases likely encountered on the job include animal respiratory viruses, poxviruses, enteroviruses, and arboviruses. (cdc.gov)
Transmission2
- Transmission of leporipoxviruses is primarily through the mosquito although other biting insects such as fleas may also transmit virus. (cdc.gov)
- Molluscum contagiosum virus transmission through direct skin contact between children sharing a bath and between athletes sharing gymnasium equipment and benches has been reported. (medscape.com)
Lambs6
- Agarose gel (1.5%) electrophoresis of 627-bp PCR products from samples from persons exposed to Orf virus while butchering or preparing lambs as part of a religious practice for Eid al-Adha (the Muslim Feast of Sacrifice), Marseil e, France, 2011. (cdc.gov)
- Phylogeny of Orf virus isolated from 5 persons who butchered/prepared lambs as part of a religious practice for Eid al-Adha (the Muslim Feast of Sacrifice), Marseille, France, 2011. (cdc.gov)
- Orf is very common among shepherds, veterinary surgeons, and farmers' wives who bottle-feed young lambs, as well as in butchers, cooks, and meat porters from handling infected carcasses. (medscape.com)
- Orf in the mouths of lambs may prevent suckling and cause weight loss, and can infect the udder of the mother ewe, thus potentially leading to mastitis. (wikipedia.org)
- A live virus vaccine (ATCvet code: QI04AD01 (WHO)) is made from scab material and usually given to ewes at the age of two months, but only to lambs when there is an outbreak. (wikipedia.org)
- 2007. Antiviral activity of HPMPC (cidofovir) against orf virus infected lambs . (hutton.ac.uk)
Scabby mouth1
- Orf virus infection in animals is commonly referred to as sore mouth, scabby mouth, or contagious ecthyma. (cdc.gov)
Outbreak1
- In one case it was shown that a severe form of orf virus caused an outbreak involving the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, heart, as well as the buccal cavity, cheeks, tongue and lips. (wikipedia.org)
Recombinant2
- The project achieved the successful preparation of recombinant viral contructs using both pox viruses and lentiviruses expressing selected T. gondii antigens. (europa.eu)
- Immunisation of mice with the recombinant viruses did result in induction of specific antibody responses showing that the approach had some efficacy and would be worth pursuing with the long term aim of producing a safe and effective vaccine against T. gondii tissue cysts in food animals. (europa.eu)
Benign1
- While orf is usually a benign self-limiting illness which resolves in 3-6 weeks, in the immunocompromised it can be very progressive and even life-threatening. (wikipedia.org)
Vaccine1
- Despite efforts made over past decades, there is no vaccine or treatment available for preventing and controlling the ASF virus (ASFV) infection, and there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies. (mdpi.com)
Herpes1
- Role of CD8+ T cells and lymphoid dendritic cells in protection from ocular herpes simplex virus 1 challenge in immunized mice. (invivogen.com)
Disease1
- Currently, there are live Orf vaccines which can control the disease, but it has a spreading potential to the environment and increasing the risk of another animals [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Substances1
- Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity. (lookformedical.com)
Occurs1
- Orf occurs more commonly in men owing to the fact that men more likely to have an occupational exposure (eg, ranching, veterinary medicine, animal slaughter). (medscape.com)
Frequency1
- Heidmann and the other researchers identified the human exogenous MER34 (medium reiteration frequency family 34) ORF. (databasefootball.com)
Clinical2
- A typical clinical presentation of a reddish weeping nodule of orf located on the thumb is shown in the image below. (medscape.com)
- Recently, the causative viruses of the clinical characterized the red deer viral strains. (cdc.gov)
Genomic1
- 7708 /organism="Southampton virus" /mol_type="genomic RNA" /db_xref="taxon:11984" 5'UTR 1. (cdc.gov)
Chamois1
- Results showed that and 99.6% identical at the nt level and 96.55 and 98.8% the viruses isolated from chamois ( Rupicapra rupicapra ) identical at the aa level, respectively, which showed that and ibex ( Capra ibex ) were closely related to OV, whereas multiple strains are circulating in Stelvio Park. (cdc.gov)