An antilipemic agent which lowers cholesterol, triglycerides, serum beta-lipoproteins and phospholipids. It acts by interfering with the enzymatic steps involved in the conversion of acetate to hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A as well as inhibiting the activity of HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES which is the rate limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol.

Structural (betaalpha)8 TIM barrel model of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A lyase. (1/15)

This study describes three novel homozygous missense mutations (S75R, S201Y, and D204N) in the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) lyase gene, which caused 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric aciduria in patients from Germany, England, and Argentina. Expression studies in Escherichia coli show that S75R and S201Y substitutions completely abolished the HMG-CoA lyase activity, whereas D204N reduced catalytic efficiency to 6.6% of the wild type. We also propose a three-dimensional model for human HMG-CoA lyase containing a (betaalpha)8 (TIM) barrel structure. The model is supported by the similarity with analogous TIM barrel structures of functionally related proteins, by the localization of catalytic amino acids at the active site, and by the coincidence between the shape of the substrate (HMG-CoA) and the predicted inner cavity. The three novel mutations explain the lack of HMG-CoA lyase activity on the basis of the proposed structure: in S75R and S201Y because the new amino acid residues occlude the substrate cavity, and in D204N because the mutation alters the electrochemical environment of the active site. We also report the localization of all missense mutations reported to date and show that these mutations are located in the beta-sheets around the substrate cavity.  (+info)

Differential HMG-CoA lyase expression in human tissues provides clues about 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric aciduria. (2/15)

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Neurochemical evidence that 3-methylglutaric acid inhibits synaptic Na+,K+-ATPase activity probably through oxidative damage in brain cortex of young rats. (3/15)

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Gymnopilin--a substance produced by the hallucinogenic mushroom, Gymnopilus junonius--mobilizes intracellular Ca(2+) in dorsal root ganglion cells. (4/15)

Gymnopilus junonius is a widely spread mushroom in Japan and well known as a hallucinogenic mushroom. Gymnopilin was purified from the fruiting body of G. junonius and was reported to act on the spinal cord and depolarize motoneurons. This is the only evidence that gymnopilin has a biological effect on animals and no mechanism of the action has been determined at all. In this study, we examined effects of gymnopilin on intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)](i)) of cultured cells isolated from the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of the rat. The cell culture consisted of neurons and non-neuronal cells. Gymnopilin increased [Ca(2+)](i) in both the types of cells. The gymnopilinevoked [Ca(2+)](i) rise in the non-neuronal cells was inhibited by cyclopiazonic acid and U-73122, inhibitors of Ca(2+)-ATPase of the intracellular Ca(2+) store and phospholipase C, respectively, but not by removal of extracellular Ca(2+). These results indicate that gymnopilin activated phospholipase C and mobilize Ca(2+) from the intracellular Ca(2+) store in non-neuronal cells from the DRG. This is the first report to show that gymnopilin directly acts on cells isolated from the mammalian nervous system.  (+info)

Multiple effects of gymnopilin on circulatory system of the rat. (5/15)

Gymnopilin is one of the substances produced by the hallucinogenic mushroom, Gymnopilus junonius. In this study, we examined effects of gymnopilins purified from wild fruiting bodies of G. junonius on contractile activity of aorta preparations and blood pressure in rats. Gymnopilins at lower concentrations than 5 mg/mL did not evoke contraction of helical strips of the thoracic aorta. In contrast, gymnopilins (5 mg/mL) applied to the aorta strips pre-contracted by norepinephrine (100 nM) caused relaxation. This relaxing action did not depend on the activity of the endothelium cells. The relaxing effect of 5-mg/mL gymnopilins was observed in aorta strips contracted by angiotensin II (10 nM) and the high K+ solution (60 mM). Moreover, the adenylyl cyclase inhibitor, SQ-22536, significantly inhibited the relaxing effect of gymnopilins at 1 mg/mL on the norepinephrine-contracted strips. These results suggested that gymnopilins acted directly on smooth muscle cells of the aorta and activated the cAMP-dependent cascade to cause the vasodilation. Paradoxically, gymnopilins injection into the jugular vein transiently increased blood pressure without affecting the heart rate. This result suggests that gymnopilins increase cardiac output and/or tension of the artery through the excitation of the vasomotor nerve that overcame the direct relaxing effect on the vascular smooth muscle.  (+info)

Rat liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase. Catalysis of the reverse reaction and two half-reactions. (6/15)

Rat liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase catalyzes, in addition to its normal biosynthetic or forward reaction (HMG-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2H+----mevalonate + 2 NAD+ + CoASH), the reverse reaction (mevalonate + CoASH + 2 NADP+----HMG-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2H+) and two "half-reactions" that involve the presumed intermediate mevaldate (mevaldate + CoASH + NADP+----HMG-CoA + NADPH + H+ and mevaldate + NADPH + H+----mevalonate + NADP+). These reactions were studied using both enzyme solubilized by the traditional freeze-thaw method and enzyme solubilized with a nonionic detergent in the presence of inhibitors of proteolysis. All four reactions were inhibited by mevinolin, a known inhibitor of the forward (biosynthetic) reaction catalyzed by HMG-CoA reductase. When the enzyme was inactivated by ATP and a cytosolic, ADP-dependent HMG-CoA reductase kinase, the rates of both the forward reaction and the half-reactions decreased to comparable extents. Although coenzyme A is not a stoichiometric participant in the second half-reaction (mevaldate + NADPH + H+----mevalonate + NADP+), it was required as an activator of this reaction. This observation implies that coenzyme A may remain bound to the enzyme throughout the normal catalytic cycle of HMG-CoA reductase.  (+info)

Photodiode array detection for liquid chromatographic profiling of carboxylic acids in physiological fluids: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric aciduria. (7/15)

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric aciduria was detected in a newborn. The progress of the dietary therapy for the disorder was monitored by dual-column "high-performance" liquid chromatography with a computer-controlled photodiode array spectrophotometric detector. This procedure is a quick way to detect and monitor the progress of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric aciduria.  (+info)

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency studied using 2-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. (8/15)

1H-NMR spectroscopy has been applied to identify components in the urine of subjects with a deficiency of the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase. One-dimensional spectra of samples from a pair of non-identical twins with this disorder were very similar and are probably diagnostic. The most intense signals were from singlets. Complete assignment of these major components was made possible by the use of 2-dimensional chemical shift correlated spectroscopy since several long-range couplings were detected. 2-dimensional spectroscopic techniques may therefore be of value in the identification of singlets in multicomponent systems.  (+info)

I apologize, but I am unable to provide a medical definition for "Meglutol" as it is not a recognized term in medicine or pharmacology. It is possible that there may be a spelling error or confusion with another similar term. If you have any more information or context about where you encountered this term, I'd be happy to help you try to clarify it.

... (INN, also known as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid, β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaric acid, and dicrotalic acid) is a ...
It can be considered a syringin molecule bound to meglutol glucoside. Han, G; Wang, C; Su, X; He, X; Wang, Y; Kenji, M; Osamu, ...
The molecular formula C6H10O5, of molecular weight 162.14, may refer to: 3-Deoxyglucosone Diethyl pyrocarbonate Meglutol ...
... meglutol MeSH D02.241.081.337.463 - malates MeSH D02.241.081.337.463.703 - thiomalates MeSH D02.241.081.337.463.703.451 - gold ...
... meglutol (INN) meladrazine (INN) melagatran (INN) melarsomine (INN) melarsonyl potassium (INN) melarsoprol (INN) melengestrol ( ...
... combinations C10AX01 Dextrothyroxine C10AX02 Probucol C10AX03 Tiadenol C10AX05 Meglutol C10AX06 Omega-3-triglycerides C10AX07 ...
Meglutol (INN, also known as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid, β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaric acid, and dicrotalic acid) is a ...
Isoflavonas , Soja , Soja/química , Genisteína/metabolismo , Fermentação , Meglutol/metabolismo , Isoflavonas/metabolismo , ... and meglutol (>2-fold increase with p < 0.05) while also improving amino acid levels. This study highlights the potentials of ... meglutol), and 4-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Germination and tempe fermentation techniques were employed to potentially improve ...
Meglutol 503-49-1. Meglutol is an antilipemic agent which lowers cholesterol triglycerides serum beta-lipoproteins and ...
Descritores em Ciências da Saúde
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Hydrolyases use Enoyl-CoA ...
Meglutol. Ethylmorphine. Hemi-Dewar Biphenyl. Jambul. Captodiamine. Andrographis. Isoamyl Isovalerate. Thallium Acetate. ...
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Hydrolyases use Enoyl-CoA ...
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Hydrolyases use Enoyl-CoA ...
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Hydrolyases use Enoyl-CoA ...
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol. 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases. 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Hydrolyases use Enoyl-CoA ...
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Hydrolyases use Enoyl-CoA ...
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Hydrolyases use Enoyl-CoA ...
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Hydrolyases use Enoyl-CoA ...
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Hydrolyases use Enoyl-CoA ...
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol. 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases. 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Hydrolyases use Enoyl-CoA ...
3 Hydroxy 3 methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol 3 Hydroxy 3 methylglutaryl CoA Reductase use Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases ...
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Hydrolyases use Enoyl-CoA ...
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol. 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases. 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Hydrolyases use Enoyl-CoA ...
Enoyl-CoA HydrataseTerpenesAldehyde DehydrogenaseL-Lactate DehydrogenaseMethylaminesFormatesLigasesPolyestersMeglutolFatty Acid ...
Meglutol. Livesan. Fenofibrate. Localyn. Fluocinolone Acetonide. Localyn Ear Drops. Fluocinolone Acetonide; Neomycin Sulfate. ...
Drugs used for the treatment of hypertension are classified in C02 - Antihypertensives, C03 - Diuretics, C07 - Beta blocking agents, C08 - Calcium channel blockers, and C09 - Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system. For the classification of combination products of antihypertensives from different ATC groups, the following ranking should be used, from higher to lower precedence: C09, C07, C08, , and C03. ...
Meglutol / urine* Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ...
Meglutol (MeSH Term). *methoxypolyethoxylated cholesterol (Supplementary Concept). *mevastatin (Supplementary Concept). * ...
Meglutol Preferred Term Term UI T044057. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID ... Meglutol Preferred Concept UI. M0023214. Registry Number. CLA99KCD53. Related Numbers. 503-49-1. Scope Note. An antilipemic ... Meglutol. Tree Number(s). D02.241.081.337.351.550. Unique ID. D015093. RDF Unique Identifier. http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/ ...
Meglutol Preferred Term Term UI T044057. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID ... Meglutol Preferred Concept UI. M0023214. Registry Number. CLA99KCD53. Related Numbers. 503-49-1. Scope Note. An antilipemic ... Meglutol. Tree Number(s). D02.241.081.337.351.550. Unique ID. D015093. RDF Unique Identifier. http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/ ...
Meglutol - Preferred Concept UI. M0023214. Scope note. An antilipemic agent which lowers cholesterol, triglycerides, serum beta ... Meglutol Entry term(s). 3 Hydroxy 3 methylglutaric Acid 3 Hydroxy 3 methylpentanedioic Acid 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid 3- ...
ACETATE C1156 8V6OK1I088 MEGLITINIDE C66075 1172Y38G55 MEGLUCYCLINE C98038 6HG8UB2MUY MEGLUMINE C61828 CLA99KCD53 MEGLUTOL ...
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Hydrolyases use Enoyl-CoA ...
ANTILIPEMIC AGENTS MEGLUTOL ANTILIPEMIC AGENTS NAFENOPIN ANTILIPEMIC AGENTS NIACIN ANTILIPEMIC AGENTS NICERITROL ANTILIPEMIC ... ENZYME INHIBITORS MEGLUTOL ENZYME INHIBITORS MERCURIBENZOATES ENZYME INHIBITORS MERSALYL ENZYME INHIBITORS METHAZOLAMIDE ENZYME ... LIPIDS AND ANTILIPEMIC AGENTS MEGLUTOL LIPIDS AND ANTILIPEMIC AGENTS MEMBRANE LIPIDS LIPIDS AND ANTILIPEMIC AGENTS MISOPROSTOL ... ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS MEGLUTOL ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS PRAVASTATIN ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS PROBUCOL ANTICHOLESTEREMIC ...
Meglutol. 1,3-Butylene Glycol. Pivampicillin. Chloroacetic Acid. Deguelin. ©2016 DrugLead US FDA&EMEA. ...
3 Hydroxy 3 methylglutaric Acid use Meglutol 3 Hydroxy 3 methylglutaryl CoA Reductase use Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases ...

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