Serological tests that measure anti-hemadsorption agents such as antiviral ANTIBODIES that block VIRAL HEMAGGLUNININS from adhering to the surface of red blood cells.
A phenomenon manifested by an agent or substance adhering to or being adsorbed on the surface of a red blood cell, as tuberculin can be adsorbed on red blood cells under certain conditions. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Serologic tests in which a known quantity of antigen is added to the serum prior to the addition of a red cell suspension. Reaction result is expressed as the smallest amount of antigen which causes complete inhibition of hemagglutination.
Phenomenon of cell-mediated immunity measured by in vitro inhibition of the migration or phagocytosis of antigen-stimulated LEUKOCYTES or MACROPHAGES. Specific CELL MIGRATION ASSAYS have been developed to estimate levels of migration inhibitory factors, immune reactivity against tumor-associated antigens, and immunosuppressive effects of infectious microorganisms.
Test for cell-mediated antitumor immunity and related serum blocking factors based on the finding that leukocytes from cancer patients, but not from controls, when mixed in vitro with antigenic extracts of tumors of the same histological type, undergo a diminution in their normal adherence to glass surfaces. Sera from tumor-bearing patients block the LAI reaction of their own leukocytes or those of other patients with the same type of tumor.

Significance of arming, potentiating and blocking factors as correlates the tumour-host interaction in the hamster SV40 system. (1/17)

The study of blocking factors requires in vitro assay of cell mediated immunity that parallels the in vivo response. By microcytotoxicity testing, progressor and immune peripheral blood lymphocytes caused significant target cell reduction. The cytotoxicity was specific as no cytotoxic effect was detected against unrelated normal as well as a malignant target cell lines. No anti-tumour effect was noted when progressor peripheral blood lymphocytes were evaluated in the Winn assay. In marked contrast, immune peripheral blood lymphocytes were capable of preventing tumour growth in the Winn assay. Furthermore, hamsters repeatedly immunized with irradiated SV40 tumour cells could resist a live cell challenge. Thus immune peripheral blood lymphocytes were chosen as the effector population to evaluate the abrogation ability of serum in the microcytotoxicity assay.  (+info)

Hemadsorption by colonies of Ureaplasma urealyticum. (2/17)

Hemadsorption by colonies of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma pneumoniae differed quantitatively and qualitatively. Using standard methodology, few strains of U. urealyticum hemadsorbed; with a modified method, most strains hemadsorbed, indicating a second type of association. Scanning electron microscopy of tannin-osmium-stained preparations showed guinea pig erythrocytes embedded in ureaplasma colonies and craters left when erythrocytes were dislodged.  (+info)

Assay of human interferon in Vero cells by several methods. (3/17)

Four methods for the assay of human interferon in Vero cells were compared based on the inhibition of viral cytopathic effect (CPE) in tubes, the inhibition of CPE in microplates, the reduction of plaques, and the inhibition of quantitative hemadsorption. For inhibition of CPE, Sindbis virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, poliovirus type 2, and vaccinia virus were used for challenge. In the plaque reduction method, Sindbis virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, and poliovirus were employed, and Newcastle disease virus was used in the quantitative hemadsorption assay. Sindbis virus was most susceptible to interferon in those tests measuring inhibition of CPE, but vesicular stomatitis virus was as sensitive in the plaque reduction method. Highest titers of interferon were recorded in microplates, especially with Sindbis virus as the challenge agent, followed by the quantitative inhibition assay. The CPE inhibition method was the simplest, and the quantitative hemadsorption assay was the most rapid to perform. Reproducibilities, as shown by the coefficient of variation, were 15, 39, and 59% for plaque reduction, CPE inhibition in tubes, and CPE inhibition in microplates, respectively.  (+info)

Towards a novel influenza vaccine: engineering of hemagglutinin on a platform of adenovirus dodecahedron. (4/17)

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Early detection of influenza virus in cell culture by means of immunofluorescence. (5/17)

An indirect fluorescent antibody technique using human serum for the rapid detection of influenza A virus in monkey kidney cell cultures is described. Influenza A2 virus was isolated from 38 of 88 nose/throat swabs received from patients with suspected influenza during the winter of 1971-72.Thirty-two strains isolated in monkey kidney cell cultures were identified by immunofluorescence on the day haemadsorption was observed, 22 of them within a week of receipt of the specimen. Human antiserum was found to be very satisfactory for this purpose.  (+info)

Studies of a myxovirus recovered from patients with infectious hepatitis. (6/17)

A virus has been isolated from the serum and urine of patients with infectious hepatitis. This virus is a member of the parinfluenza group. It is serologically distinct from the known members of the group, but apparently is antigenically related to the simian type-2 parainfluenza viruses. A causal relationship between WB virus and infectious hepatitis has not been established.  (+info)

Interaction between cytomegalovirus and Newcastle disease virus as mediated by intrinsic interference. (7/17)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) was demonstrated to induce intrinsic interference to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in human fibroblast cells under noncytopathic conditions. This interference is unique in that (i) cytomegalovirus is the first DNA virus demonstrated to have this property and (ii) the state of interference was transient and progressively lost as the condition of the cells changed with the development of cytopathic effect. These observations are consistent with the view that the newly formed protein responsible for interference with NDV has a limited half-life and is no longer made when cytopathic conditions are produced by CMV.  (+info)

Quantitative assessment of hemadsorption by myxoviruses: anti-immunoglobulin G hemadsorption-inhibition test. (8/17)

A quantitative hemadsorption-inhibition test was developed to estimate myxovirus serum antibodies within 24 h by determining the serum dilution inhibiting hemadsorption in 50% of the infected cells. The test depends on the interactions of virus-infected cell monolayers with antiviral serum and of the resultant complexes with antiimmunoglobulin G serum. The incorporation of species-specific anti-immunoglobulin G serum into the test significantly increased sensitivity.  (+info)

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Hemadsorption Inhibition Tests" is not a widely recognized or established medical term or concept in hematology or any other field of medicine. It seems that the term may be a combination of two concepts: hemadsorption and inhibition tests.

Hemadsorption refers to the adherence of red blood cells (RBCs) to endothelial cells, which can occur in various medical conditions such as viral infections. Inhibition tests are laboratory methods used to detect the presence or activity of an antibody, antigen, or enzyme by observing its ability to inhibit a specific reaction.

If you're looking for information on a specific experimental procedure or assay that involves hemadsorption and inhibition tests, I would need more context or details to provide an accurate definition or explanation.

Hemadsorption is a medical procedure that involves the use of a device to remove certain substances, such as toxic byproducts or excess amounts of cytokines (proteins involved in immune responses), from the bloodstream. This is accomplished by passing the patient's blood through an external filter or adsorbent column, which contains materials that selectively bind to the target molecules. The clean blood is then returned to the patient's circulation.

Hemadsorption can be used as a supportive treatment in various clinical scenarios, such as poisoning, sepsis, and other critical illnesses, where rapid removal of harmful substances from the bloodstream may help improve the patient's condition and outcomes. However, its effectiveness and safety are still subjects of ongoing research and debate.

Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests are a type of serological assay used in medical laboratories to detect and measure the amount of antibodies present in a patient's serum. These tests are commonly used to diagnose viral infections, such as influenza or HIV, by identifying the presence of antibodies that bind to specific viral antigens and prevent hemagglutination (the agglutination or clumping together of red blood cells).

In an HI test, a small amount of the patient's serum is mixed with a known quantity of the viral antigen, which has been treated to attach to red blood cells. If the patient's serum contains antibodies that bind to the viral antigen, they will prevent the antigen from attaching to the red blood cells and inhibit hemagglutination. The degree of hemagglutination inhibition can be measured and used to estimate the amount of antibody present in the patient's serum.

HI tests are relatively simple and inexpensive to perform, but they have some limitations. For example, they may not detect early-stage infections before the body has had a chance to produce antibodies, and they may not be able to distinguish between different strains of the same virus. Nonetheless, HI tests remain an important tool for diagnosing viral infections and monitoring immune responses to vaccination or infection.

Cell migration inhibition refers to the process or agents that restrict the movement of cells, particularly in the context of cancer metastasis. Cell migration is a critical biological process involved in various physiological and pathological conditions, including embryonic development, wound healing, and tumor cell dissemination. Inhibiting cell migration can help prevent the spread of cancer to distant organs, thereby improving treatment outcomes and patient survival rates.

Various factors and mechanisms contribute to cell migration inhibition, such as:

1. Modulation of signaling pathways: Cell migration is regulated by complex intracellular signaling networks that control cytoskeletal rearrangements, adhesion molecules, and other components required for cell motility. Inhibiting specific signaling proteins or pathways can suppress cell migration.
2. Extracellular matrix (ECM) modifications: The ECM provides structural support and biochemical cues that guide cell migration. Altering the composition or organization of the ECM can hinder cell movement.
3. Inhibition of adhesion molecules: Cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions are mediated by adhesion molecules, such as integrins and cadherins. Blocking these molecules can prevent cells from attaching to their surroundings and migrating.
4. Targeting cytoskeletal components: The cytoskeleton is responsible for the mechanical forces required for cell migration. Inhibiting cytoskeletal proteins, such as actin or tubulin, can impair cell motility.
5. Use of pharmacological agents: Several drugs and compounds have been identified to inhibit cell migration, either by targeting specific molecules or indirectly affecting the overall cellular environment. These agents include chemotherapeutic drugs, natural compounds, and small molecule inhibitors.

Understanding the mechanisms underlying cell migration inhibition can provide valuable insights into developing novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment and other diseases involving aberrant cell migration.

The Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition (LAI) test is not widely recognized as a standardized or established medical diagnostic procedure in modern medicine. However, it has been historically used as an alternative or complementary medical test in some contexts. The LAI test is based on the observation that the adherence of white blood cells (leukocytes) to endothelial cells can be inhibited by certain substances, such as antibodies or antigens present in the serum of an individual.

The LAI test generally involves mixing leukocytes from a donor with the serum of a patient and then measuring the degree of leukocyte adherence to a surface, such as a glass slide or endothelial cell culture. If the patient's serum contains antibodies or other substances that react with the donor's leukocytes, it is thought to inhibit the adherence of those leukocytes to the surface. This inhibition has been proposed as a potential indicator of immune system activation, response to therapy, or disease activity in various conditions, such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infections.

However, due to the lack of standardization, reproducibility, and robust scientific evidence supporting its clinical utility, the LAI test is not widely accepted or used in conventional medical practice. It should be noted that any information regarding the LAI test's medical definition, applications, or interpretations might vary significantly depending on the source and context.

  • Specimens tested for influenza and RSV were obtained from pediatric inpatients at KK Women's and Children's Hospital, patients from Singapore General Hospital and other public-sector hospitals, as well as from adult outpatients with influenzalike symptoms treated at sentinel primary health clinics. (cdc.gov)
  • Specimens were tested either with informed consent from patients for diagnostic purposes or as part of epidemiologic surveillance provided for by the Infectious Diseases Act. (cdc.gov)
  • Influenza traditionally has been diagnosed on the basis of clinical criteria, but rapid diagnostic tests, which have a high degree of specificity but only moderate sensitivity, are becoming more widely used. (medscape.com)
  • [ 65 ] and serologic tests, can be used to follow the increase in specific serum antibodies and for diagnostic purposes. (medscape.com)
  • In most circumstances, virologic tests are the mainstay of precise etiologic diagnosis. (medscape.com)
  • Viral-antigen detection is one of the new tests, but the results are generally less sensitive and less specific than those of conventional cell cultures. (medscape.com)
  • Unless advised by the CDC or regional health departments, clinicians do not routinely need to test for avian influenza. (medscape.com)
  • Today a great number of serologic tests, including commercial kits, are available for rubella antibody testing. (nih.gov)
  • Influenza viruses were identified by direct antigen detection with immunofluorescence techniques, serologic tests with complement fixation, and virus isolation. (cdc.gov)
  • [ 65 ] and serologic tests, can be used to follow the increase in specific serum antibodies and for diagnostic purposes. (medscape.com)
  • Agglutination Tests" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (wakehealth.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Agglutination Tests" by people in this website by year, and whether "Agglutination Tests" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Agglutination Tests" by people in Profiles. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Specimens tested for influenza and RSV were obtained from pediatric inpatients at KK Women's and Children's Hospital, patients from Singapore General Hospital and other public-sector hospitals, as well as from adult outpatients with influenzalike symptoms treated at sentinel primary health clinics. (cdc.gov)
  • Specimens were tested either with informed consent from patients for diagnostic purposes or as part of epidemiologic surveillance provided for by the Infectious Diseases Act. (cdc.gov)
  • This method yields an average sensitivity of 84% in testing against standard tissue culture-positive HPIV cases. (medscape.com)
  • These tests have sensitivity better than that of cultures. (medscape.com)
  • RSV was detected by immunofluorescence tests and virus isolation. (cdc.gov)
  • Viral-antigen detection is one of the new tests, but the results are generally less sensitive and less specific than those of conventional cell cultures. (medscape.com)
  • In most circumstances, virologic tests are the mainstay of precise etiologic diagnosis. (medscape.com)
  • the last two tests are both rapid and specific. (medscape.com)
  • Tests that are dependent on the clumping of cells, microorganisms, or particles when mixed with specific antiserum. (wakehealth.edu)

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