Foot Rot
Foot
Fusobacterium necrophorum
Hoof and Claw
Prevotella melaninogenica
Dichelobacter nodosus
PCR-RFLP of outer membrane proteins gene of Dichelobacter nodosus: a new tool in the epidemiology of footrot. (1/42)
Currently only phenotypic epidemiological markers, serogrouping and virulence testing of Dichelobacter nodosus, are available for investigating footrot outbreaks in small ruminants. These methods have limitations in tracing the source of infection. In this study, a genotypic marker, PCR-RFLP of outer membrane protein gene, was used to characterize D. nodosus. The technique was evaluated in a controlled experiment involving two strains of bacteria. PCR-RFLP was found to be highly specific in differentiating isolates obtained from recipient animals infected with different strains. Subsequently, this technique was used to characterize isolates obtained from field cases of footrot in Nepal. A total of 11 patterns was recognized among 66 Nepalese D. nodosus isolates representing four different serogroups. PCR-RFLP also discriminated isolates with similar phenotypic characteristics. However, all isolates which, phenotypically, were virulent were represented by only two patterns irrespective of their serogroups. It is suggested that PCR-RFLP described here could be a useful epidemiological marker in the study of footrot. (+info)Determination of some in vitro growth requirements of Bacteroides nodosus. (2/42)
Physical and nutritional factors required for growth of Bacteroides nodosus isolates from ovine foot-rot lesions were examined. Simplified anaerobic culture techniques were devised utilizing a fully soluble, autoclavable, liquid medium (TAS) which contained proteose-peptone, yeast and meat extracts and certain other essential compounds required to promote prompt and serially transferrable growth of cultures from small inocula. The latter included Trypticase, arginine, a reducing agent (most suitably thioglycollic acid) and CO2; serine and Mg2+ markedly increased growth yields. Trypticase could not be replaced by a commercial preparation of acid-hydrolysed casein; other forms of hydrolysed protein gave delayed and inconsistent growth. Maximum growth of cultures required concentrations of 0-02 to 0-35 M-arginine, which could not be replaced by glutamic acid, citrulline or ornithine. Exogenous carbohydrate compounds were not required. The temperature range for optimum growth of cultures was 37 to 39 degrees C, and anaerobic culture conditions were essential for growth and the production of B. nodosus organisms of normal morphology. Solidified TAS media for the isolation and maintenance of B. nodosus cultures were also devised. (+info)Isolation and characterisation of a novel spirochaete from severe virulent ovine foot rot. (3/42)
A novel spirochaete was isolated from a case of severe virulent ovine foot rot (SVOFR) by immunomagnetic separation with beads coated with polyclonal anti-treponemal antisera and prolonged anaerobic broth culture. The as yet unnamed treponeme differs considerably from the only other spirochaete isolated from ovine foot rot as regards morphology, enzymic profile and 16S rDNA sequence. On the basis of 16S rDNA, it was most closely related to another unnamed spirochaete isolated from cases of bovine digital dermatitis in the USA, raising the possibility of cross-species transmission. Further information is required to establish this novel ovine spirochaete as the cause of SVOFR. (+info)Susceptibilities of anaerobic bacteria isolated from animals with ovine foot rot to 28 antimicrobial agents. (4/42)
The agar dilution method was used to determine the inhibitory activities of 28 antimicrobial agents against 35 strains of the genus Peptostreptococcus, 4 strains of the species Peptococcus niger, 20 strains of the species Megasphaera elsdenii, 7 strains from the species Acidaminococcus fermentans, 8 strains of the genus Clostridium, 11 strains of the genus Eubacterium, and 1 strain of the species Propionibacterium acidipropionici, all of which were isolated from 125 clinical cases of ovine foot rot between January 1987 and December 1988. The three unreidopenicillins studied proved to be the most active antimicrobial agents, with a high percentage of strains being susceptible at a concentration of 64 micrograms/ml. Penicillin G, ampicillin, and the three cephalosporins studied also had good activity. Fosfomycin showed a high degree of activity among the 116 anaerobic bacteria tested. (+info)Recent footrot outbreak in Debrezeit swine farm, central Ethiopia. (5/42)
An outbreak of footrot has occurred in Debrezeit swine farm that is located 44 km south east of the capital. Among 24 pigs, 75% showed lameness, hot, painful and swollen feet, hemorrhagic bruising of the coronary band, heel erosion, sole ulcers and separation of skin from hoof on hind limbs. Bacteriological examination of the specimen from the affected limbs has shown the involvement of Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Dichelobacter nodosus. The overt clinical lameness and inability to stand or mount can cause reduced reproductive performance. This preliminary finding thus warrants further epidemiological investigation. (+info)Efficacy of vaccination against Fusobacterium necrophorum infection for control of liver abscesses and footrot in feedlot cattle in western Canada. (6/42)
A randomized and blinded field trial was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of a Fusobacterium necrophorum bacterin for control of liver abscesses and footrot under commercial feedlot conditions in western Canada. Half of the vaccinated and half of the unvaccinated control animals had ad libitum access to a forage-based (ALF) growing diet. The other half of each group was limit-fed a grain-based (LFG) growing diet. The overall prevalence of A and A+ liver abscesses in this trial was 16.7%. A strong association was found between diet group and presence of A or A+ liver abscessation at slaughter. Diet group modified the effect of vaccination on the prevalence of liver abscesses at slaughter, and on the incidence of footrot during the feeding period. The odds that a vaccinated animal in the ALF group would have an A or A+ liver abscess at slaughter were less than 1/3 the odds that an unvaccinated animal in the same diet group would have an A or A+ liver abscess at slaughter (OR = 0.27, [95% CI: 0.07 to 1.02], P = 0.05). The overall incidence of footrot in this trial was 6.5%. The odds that a vaccinated animal in the ALF group would be treated for footrot were less than 1/5 the odds that an unvaccinated animal in the same group would be treated for foot-rot (OR = 0.18, [95% CI: 0.04 to 0.82], P = 0.03). Within the LFG group there were no differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated animals in the odds of an animal being treated for footrot, or in the odds of having an A or A+ liver abscess score at slaughter. This trial suggests that vaccination against F. necrophorum infection may have applications to decrease the prevalence of severe liver abscesses at slaughter and decrease footrot treatments in certain diet situations. (+info)Elastolytic activity of Bacteroides nodosus isolated from sheep and goats with foot rot. (7/42)
The elastolytic activities of 82 Bacteroides nodosus strains were studied. Two substrates, insoluble elastin and soluble elastin, were used for this purpose. Roughly 15% of the strains which did not digest insoluble elastin were elastolytic with soluble elastin, the latter providing greater sensitivity, speed, and objectivity than its insoluble counterpart. (+info)Twitching motility is essential for virulence in Dichelobacter nodosus. (8/42)
(+info)Foot rot, also known as pododermatitis, is a common infectious disease in cloven-hoofed animals such as sheep, goats, and cattle. It's typically caused by a mixture of bacteria, usually Fusobacterium necrophorum and Prevotella spp., that infect the soft tissues of the foot, leading to inflammation, necrosis (tissue death), and often foul-smelling discharge.
The infection often begins between the claws or toes, where the skin is more susceptible to damage and moisture accumulation. The affected area may become painful, swollen, and sensitive to pressure, making it difficult for the animal to walk or stand. In severe cases, foot rot can lead to lameness, decreased feed intake, weight loss, and even death if left untreated.
Foot rot is highly contagious and can spread quickly among animals in close contact, such as those in confined spaces or sharing pastures. Prevention strategies include maintaining good sanitation and dry conditions, trimming hooves regularly to prevent overgrowth and reduce moisture accumulation, and vaccinating against the bacteria responsible for foot rot. Rapid detection and treatment of infected animals are crucial to controlling the spread of this disease in animal populations.
In medical terms, the foot is the part of the lower limb that is distal to the leg and below the ankle, extending from the tarsus to the toes. It is primarily responsible for supporting body weight and facilitating movement through push-off during walking or running. The foot is a complex structure made up of 26 bones, 33 joints, and numerous muscles, tendons, ligaments, and nerves that work together to provide stability, balance, and flexibility. It can be divided into three main parts: the hindfoot, which contains the talus and calcaneus (heel) bones; the midfoot, which includes the navicular, cuboid, and cuneiform bones; and the forefoot, which consists of the metatarsals and phalanges that form the toes.
Fusobacterium necrophorum is a gram-negative, anaerobic, non-spore forming rod-shaped bacterium. It is a normal inhabitant of the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract and urogenital tract of humans and animals. However, it can cause various infections in humans, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems.
Fusobacterium necrophorum is well known for its association with severe clinical conditions such as Lemierre's syndrome, which is a rare but life-threatening condition characterized by septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein and metastatic infections. It can also cause other suppurative infections including bronchitis, pneumonia, meningitis, brain abscesses, and septicemia. In addition, Fusobacterium necrophorum has been implicated in the pathogenesis of certain types of periodontal disease and is a significant cause of bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Hoof and Claw" is not a medical term or condition. The term "hoof" refers to the hard covering on the toes of animals such as horses, cows, and other ungulates, while "claw" refers to the sharp nail-like structure found on the toes of animals such as cats, dogs, and birds.
If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health concerns, I would be happy to try to help answer them for you.
Fusobacterium infections are diseases or conditions caused by the bacterial genus Fusobacterium, which are gram-negative, anaerobic bacilli. These bacteria are commonly found as normal flora in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract. However, under certain circumstances, they can cause infections, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems or underlying medical conditions.
Fusobacterium infections can manifest in various forms, including:
1. Oral infections: Fusobacterium nucleatum is the most common species associated with oral infections, such as periodontitis, abscesses, and Ludwig's angina.
2. Respiratory tract infections: Fusobacterium necrophorum can cause lung abscesses, empyema, and bronchitis.
3. Bloodstream infections (bacteremia): Fusobacterium species can enter the bloodstream through various routes, such as dental procedures or invasive medical procedures, leading to bacteremia. This condition can be particularly dangerous for individuals with compromised immune systems or underlying medical conditions.
4. Intra-abdominal infections: Fusobacterium species can cause intra-abdominal abscesses, peritonitis, and appendicitis.
5. Skin and soft tissue infections: Fusobacterium species can cause cellulitis, myositis, and necrotizing fasciitis.
6. Bone and joint infections: Fusobacterium species can cause osteomyelitis and septic arthritis.
7. Central nervous system infections: Fusobacterium species can cause meningitis and brain abscesses, although these are rare.
Fusobacterium infections can be challenging to treat due to their anaerobic nature and resistance to certain antibiotics. Therefore, it is essential to seek medical attention if you suspect a Fusobacterium infection. Treatment typically involves the use of appropriate antibiotics, such as metronidazole or clindamycin, and sometimes surgical intervention may be necessary.
"Prevotella melaninogenica" is a gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium that is commonly found as part of the normal microbiota in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and urogenital tract. It is named for its ability to produce melanin pigment. This bacterium can sometimes be associated with various infections, including dental abscesses, periodontal disease, lung infections, and bloodstream infections, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems."
'Dichelobacter nodosus' is a gram-negative, anaerobic, and curved or spiral-shaped bacterium that is commonly found in the hooves of sheep and goats. It is a primary etiological agent of foot rot, a highly contagious and painful infection of the hooves that can lead to lameness in affected animals. The bacteria produce proteases and other virulence factors that cause tissue damage and allow for colonization and proliferation within the hoof.
The bacterium is typically transmitted through direct contact with infected animals or contaminated fomites, such as soil or feces. Infection can lead to inflammation, necrosis, and separation of the hoof horn from the underlying tissue, resulting in severe lameness and decreased mobility. Treatment typically involves antibiotics, foot trimming, and management practices aimed at reducing transmission and promoting hoof health.
It is important to note that 'Dichelobacter nodosus' is not a human pathogen and does not cause disease in humans.
Fusobacterium is a genus of obligate anaerobic, gram-negative, non-spore forming bacilli that are commonly found as normal flora in the human oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract. Some species of Fusobacterium have been associated with various clinical infections and diseases, such as periodontal disease, abscesses, bacteremia, endocarditis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
Fusobacterium nucleatum is the most well-known species in this genus and has been extensively studied for its role in various diseases. It is a opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe infections in immunocompromised individuals or when it invades damaged tissues. Fusobacterium necrophorum, another important species, is a leading cause of Lemierre's syndrome, a rare but serious condition characterized by septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein and metastatic infections.
Fusobacteria are known to have a complex relationship with other microorganisms and host cells, and they can form biofilms that contribute to their virulence and persistence in the host. Further research is needed to fully understand the pathogenic mechanisms of Fusobacterium species and to develop effective strategies for prevention and treatment of Fusobacterium-associated diseases.
Foot rot
Collar rot
John Colhoun (plant pathologist)
Frank Lincoln Stevens
Laura Green
Henry Riddell (poet)
Ascochyta diseases of pea
Sheep
Pekin Bantam
Estelle Louise Jensen
Knee highs
Agriculture in Sierra Leone
Cattle
Performing Life, Inc
Caravan of Courage (TV series)
Ethylenediamine dihydroiodide
Romney sheep
Dichelobacter nodosus
Tropical ulcer
Digital dermatitis
Denis Garrett
Hoof
British Agricultural Revolution
Gerbera jamesonii
Rochdale Town Hall
Zuffenhausen
Phacidiopycnis padwickii
Timeline of Australian inventions
Fall Rot
Fusarium culmorum
Foot rot - Wikipedia
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Cobactan - cefquinome antimicrobial for the treatment of respiratory disease, mastitis, metritis, foot-rot and meningitis.
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Fungus2
- Sullivan's Fungus Fighter for Ringworm & Foot Rot. (youthministryland.com)
- Athletes foot fungus rot and the rest that such unsanitary conditions cause. (fairfaxunderground.com)
Ringworm Spray1
- The Foot Rot & Ringworm Spray helps the control of summer itch, girth itch, foot rot, ringworm and other fungal problems on cattle, sheep, horses, dogs and cats. (youthministryland.com)
Trench foot1
- Jungle rot trench foot. (voiceofsandiego.org)
Interdigital3
- Foot rot, also known as foul-in-the-foot, interdigital necrobacillosis or infectious pododermatitis, is a hoof infection commonly found in sheep, goats, and cattle. (wikipedia.org)
- Sheep: As an aid in the treatment of interdigital dermatitis (footrot), a one-time treatment consisting of two applications (with a 30 second interval) is recommended. (youthministryland.com)
- Sheep: As an aid in the treatment of interdigital dermatitis (footrot), a one-time treatment consisting of two applications (with a 30 s… Do not spray on an open flame or any incandescent material. (youthministryland.com)
Bacteria5
- Another cause of foot rot may be high temperatures or humidity, causing the skin between the hooves to crack and let the bacteria infect the foot. (wikipedia.org)
- Both bacteria are required to interact together for Foot Rot … : Pet Supplies Last spring I discovered a two-week-old ram lamb limping, holding a front foot up in the air and walking on the remaining three feet. (youthministryland.com)
- Foot rot can be linked to hemorrhagic disease or a variety of different types of bacteria that can invade the foot if a deer has an open wound. (gohunt.com)
- Footrot is caused by two bacteria- Fusobacterium necrophorum and Bacteroides nodosus -that act synergistically. (sheephouse.org)
- The bacteria enter cracks in the skin, causing painful swelling on the affected foot. (nzdl.org)
Hoof2
- The first sign of a foot-rot infection is when the skin between the claws of the hoof begins to swell (cellulitis). (wikipedia.org)
- We stock a great range of sheep foot rot products ranging from our best sellers, Footmaster Spray which is a highly researched and developed formulation, for the effective application of foot conditions in livestock to a Farmer Pack Dag & Hoof which is an essential kit for keeping healthy sheep. (youthministryland.com)
Diseases1
- This makes treatment difficult for diseases such as mastitis and foot rot. (safe.org.nz)
Disease5
- The second stage of the disease is marked by the invasion of the foot by the foot rot bacterium Dichelobacter nodosus, a Gram-negative anaerobe. (wikipedia.org)
- Footrot is a grievous disease that almost defies curing. (sheephouse.org)
- Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute and highly contagious viral disease which affects all animals with hooves (such as cattle, water buffalo, goats and pigs). (nzdl.org)
- [ 29 ] In military personnel, whose long-term occlusive boot wearing exacerbates disease, lesions often become denuded, leading to foot pain and disability. (medscape.com)
- The tunnels protect the plants from rain, which reduces fruit rot and disease pressure. (oregonstate.edu)
Goats2
- This antifungal spray is for use in cattle, sheep and goats as an aid in the control of foot rot and for use on horses, dogs and cats as an aid in the control of girth itch (ringworm) and other fungal skin problems. (youthministryland.com)
- With the standard shipping a page about footrot in sheep, goats and cattle been proven to delay healing sheep. (youthministryland.com)
Scald1
- Separate sheep with foot rot and scald whenever sensible to reduce spread within the flock. (sheephouse.org)
Thrush1
- It contributes to footrot in cattle and causes thrush in horses. (sheephouse.org)
Cattle3
- Footrot - Cattle reviewed and published by WikiVet, accessed 11 October 2011. (wikipedia.org)
- The most often used remedy for foot rot in cattle is copper sulfate foot baths. (youthministryland.com)
- Foot Rot in Beef Cattle [website]. (nih.gov)
Lameness1
- Foot rot is a major cause of lameness in ruminants of all ages. (nzdl.org)
Causative1
- It is a filamentous bacterium found in soil and is a causative agent for MADURA FOOT. (nih.gov)
Immunity1
- Sheep never develop immunity to foot rot. (youthministryland.com)
Virginia1
- In a Virginia survey, approximately 21 percent of the producers considered foot rot to be a serious health problem in their flocks. (youthministryland.com)
Descriptor1
- Foot Rot" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (rush.edu)
Bacterial1
- In 1949, Walter Burkholder of Cornell University first described P cepacia (now known as Burkholderia cepacia ) as the phytopathogen responsible for the bacterial rot of onions. (medscape.com)
Odor4
- Foot rot is easily identifiable by its appearance and foul odor. (wikipedia.org)
- The foot will have a foul odor. (wikipedia.org)
- In 2006, foot odor without pitted skin changes was discovered to be from overgrowth of Bacillus subtilis and specifically an isovaleric acid produced by Staphylococcus epidermidis overgrowth, a normal skin flora. (medscape.com)
- However, the excessive foot odor from this disorder may be socially unacceptable. (medscape.com)
Infection1
- Super foot rot infection occurs much faster and is usually much more severe. (wikipedia.org)
Urine1
- Prolonged standing in mud, water, manure or urine can lead to foot rot. (nzdl.org)
Antibiotic3
- Treatment is usually with an antibiotic medication, and preventing injury to the feet is the best way to prevent foot rot. (wikipedia.org)
- Sheep with foot-rot should have feet pared and treated topically with antibiotic spray. (youthministryland.com)
- If foot-rot is present on the farm, but only small numbers of sheep are affected in a group, these can be treated with coloured oxytetracycline (antibiotic) spray, provided the treated animals are not immediately returned to wet grass (Harding et al. (youthministryland.com)
Soldiers1
- Mil.) (a) Artillery soldiers serving in foot. (landak.com)
Hooves1
- Soak affected hooves for five minutes in a foot bath containing 90% water and 10% formalin (37% formaldehyde) or 10% zinc sulfate. (sheephouse.org)
Prevent1
- Check out our full range of products to prevent foot rot in sheep below. (youthministryland.com)
Animal1
- While the meat could be considered safe for human consumption should you harvest a deer with foot rot, wildlife officials suggest that it would be best to contact KDWPT first for proper safeguards in handling the infected animal. (gohunt.com)
Small1
- 1981). Actually, he was able to run quite fast on those remaining three legs and for the next week, I felt pretty foolish running around daily, trying to corner and catch such a small three-legged lamb that could still outrun and outsmart me!Even multiple cases of limping in a flock may … It will Advice on best practice for treating and controlling foot rot. (youthministryland.com)
Major2
- This is one of the reasons foot rot is such a major problem in the summer. (wikipedia.org)
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Foot Rot" by people in this website by year, and whether "Foot Rot" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (rush.edu)
Problem1
- Warning: If you see sores in the mouth of ruminants with foot rot, the problem may be FMD. (nzdl.org)
Treatment1
- Cull sheep lame with foot-rot and/or scale more than twice a year or not responding to treatment. (sheephouse.org)
Skin2
- Athlete's foot is present when the skin between your toes become very scaly and peels. (global-dermatology.com)
- Fungal Infections Of The Skin (includes "foot rot") Dr Christophe Hsu - dermatologist. (globale-dermatologie.com)
Found2
- Found 2 items, similar to Foot rot. (landak.com)
- Remains resembling human intestines were also found 125 miles north at Cunjurong Point and two bones washed up on Turra Beach, near where the foot was found, on Saturday. (the-sun.com)
Water1
- Wash the foot with lukewarm water and soap. (nzdl.org)
Weeks1
- Over the past few weeks, there has been an increase in reports of foot rot within deer statewide though no one seems to know why. (gohunt.com)
Feet2
- 1913 Webster] And now at foot Of heaven's ascent they lift their feet. (landak.com)
- 1913 Webster] Note: Foot is often used adjectively, signifying of or pertaining to a foot or the feet, or to the base or lower part. (landak.com)
English1
- English → English (gcide) Definition: Foot rot Foot \Foot\ (f[oo^]t), n. (landak.com)
Lower1
- Foot rail , a railroad rail, with a wide flat flange on the lower side. (landak.com)
High1
- These super-sharp foot rot shears are made by Burgon & Ball and have non-stick coated, high carbon-steel blades that retain the sharpest edge. (animalhealthexpress.com)
Thought1
- Now 23 elk have been put down for what is thought to be foot rot. (thewildlifenews.com)
Addition1
- [ 34 ] Of the paddy field workers, 1.5% were diagnosed with palmar lesions in addition to foot lesions. (medscape.com)
Answer2
- For larger numbers, the only practical answer is foot bathing, then movement on to pasture that has been free from livestock for at … Wear impermeable gloves and protective eyewear while handling the product. (youthministryland.com)
- 1913 Webster] Answer directly upon the foot of dry reason. (landak.com)
University1
- You can survive without your foot," University of Newcastle associate professor of criminology Xanthe Mallett told Weekend Today. (the-sun.com)