Femur Head Necrosis
Femur Head
Head
Necrosis
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
The prevalence and clinicopathological appearance of extension of osteonecrosis in the femoral head. (1/547)
In about 50% of cases, osteonecrosis of the femoral head is known to occupy more than one site. There is controversy as to whether a single focus may increase in size. We have reviewed 606 consecutive femoral heads which had been surgically removed for osteonecrosis. Extension of osteonecrosis was observed in only two (0.3%) and was confirmed histopathologically by the enlargement of the necrotic segment beyond the repair zone formed for the primary necrosis into the adjacent, previously uninvolved bone. In both cases, the necrotic regions were wedge-shaped and occupied over 80% of the femoral head. It appears that an increase in size is extremely rare and that osteonecrosis is due to a single event. Our findings may be of value in assessing the use of joint-salvage procedures for osteonecrosis of the femoral head. (+info)Decrease in the mesenchymal stem-cell pool in the proximal femur in corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis. (2/547)
We have evaluated bone-marrow activity in the proximal femur of patients with corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis and compared it with that of patients with osteonecrosis related to sickle-cell disease and with a control group without osteonecrosis. Bone marrow was obtained by puncture of the femoral head outside the area of necrosis and in the intertrochanteric region. The activity of stromal cells was assessed by culturing fibroblast colony-forming units (FCFUs). We found a decrease in the number of FCFUs outside the area of osteonecrosis in the upper end of the femur of patients with corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis compared with the other groups. We suggest that glucocorticosteroids may also have an adverse effect on bone by decreasing the number of progenitors. The possible relevance of this finding to osteonecrosis is discussed. (+info)Slipped capital femoral epiphysis after septic arthritis of the hip in an adolescent: report of a case. (3/547)
Septic arthritis of the hip must be managed promptly to avoid the serious complications associated with the condition. In the case reported here, the diagnosis was delayed and was complicated by a slipped capital femoral epiphysis. The patient, an adolescent boy previously in good health, presented with a 2-week history of hip pain and systemic illness. Septic arthritis was diagnosed and was managed by incision and drainage and antibiotic therapy. Two weeks later he presented with a subcutaneous abscess and a slipped capital femoral epiphysis, which was pinned in situ. There was a 2.5-cm leg-length discrepancy. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head subsequently developed leaving the boy with a permanent disability. (+info)Cyclosporin A mono-therapy in nephrotic syndrome with contra-indication of steroid therapy. (4/547)
We describe three cases of nephrotic syndrome with a contra-indication for steroid therapy successfully treated with cyclosporin A (CsA). A 21-year-old man with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) complicated by necrosis of the femoral head, and a 34-year-old woman and a 48-year-old man with minimal change disease (MCD) complicated by psychogenic reaction and diabetes mellitus, respectively, were given CsA at initial dosages of 3.8-5.0 mg/kg/day and immediately remitted completely. However, two of these patients suffered relapses when CsA was tapered. They are currently maintained in complete or partial remission on CsA at dosages of 3.2-4.7 mg/kg/day. These findings suggest that CsA mono-therapy may be useful in nephrotic syndrome patients contra-indicated for steroid therapy. (+info)Increased level of apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 ratio as a potential risk for osteonecrosis. (5/547)
OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to investigate whether a high ratio of apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A1 (apo B/apo A1 ratio) is significantly associated with the risk of developing non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ON). METHODS: Fifty consecutive non-traumatic ON cases were compared with 50 age and sex matched controls, using both univariate and stepwise discriminant analyses, regarding the factors of corticosteroid, alcohol, cigarettes, cholesterol, triglyceride, and apo B/apo A1 ratio. To eliminate the possibility that ON or osteoarthritic change itself can increase the apo B/apo A1 ratio, a further 32 consecutive cases comprising nine traumatic ON and 23 osteoarthritis (OA) patients were analysed using Scheffe's test. RESULTS: There was a significant association between a high apo B/apo A1 ratio and the development of non-traumatic ON with both univariate (p=0.0001) and stepwise discriminant analyses (partial r(2)=0.1239, p=0.0004). The apo B/apo A1 ratio in the non-traumatic ON group was significantly higher than that in the traumatic ON (p<0.01), control (p<0.001), or the OA groups (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: A high apo B/apo A1 ratio is significantly associated with the risk of developing ON. This ratio may be useful for assessing the potential risk of developing osteonecrosis. (+info)Treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head by free vascularized fibular grafting: an analysis of surgical outcome and patient health status. (6/547)
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the limb-specific outcome and general health status of patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head treated with vascularized fibular grafting. DESIGN: A retrospective review. SETTING: A single tertiary care centre. PATIENTS: Fifty-five consecutive patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head who underwent fibular grafting (8 bilaterally). INTERVENTION: Vascularized fibular grafting. OUTCOME MEASURES: Limb-specific scores (Harris Hip Score, St. Michael's Hospital Hip Score), general health status (Nottingham Health Profile, SF-36 health status survey) and radiographic outcome measures (Steinberg stage). RESULTS: Patients were young (mean age 34 years, range from 18 to 52 years) and 80% had advanced osteonecrosis (Steinberg stages IV and V). Fifty-nine hips were followed up for an average of 50 months (range from 24 to 117 months) after vascularized fibular grafting. Sixteen hips (27%) were converted to total hip arthroplasty (THA). To date, 73% of hips treated with vascularized fibular grafting have required no further surgery. Preoperative and postoperative Harris Hip Scores were 57.3 and 83.6 respectively (p < 0.001). As measured by patient-oriented health status questionnaires (SF-36, Nottingham Health Profile) and compared with population controls, patients had normal mental health scores and only slight decreases in physical component scores. CONCLUSIONS: Free vascularized fibular grafting for osteonecrosis of the femoral head provides satisfactory pain relief, functional improvement and general health status and halts the progression of symptomatic disease. (+info)Diagnostic criteria for non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. A multicentre study. (7/547)
Six major and seven minor diagnostic criteria have been developed by the Japanese Investigation Committee for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). We have carried out a multicentre study to clarify these. We studied prospectively 277 hips in 222 patients, from six hospitals, who had ONFH and other hip pathology and from whom histological material was available. We identified five criteria with high specificity: 1) collapse of the femoral head without narrowing of the joint space or acetabular abnormality on radiographs, including the crescent sign; 2) demarcating sclerosis in the femoral head without narrowing or acetabular abnormality; 3) a 'cold-in-hot' appearance on the bone scan; 4) a low-intensity band on T1-weighted images (band pattern); and 5) evidence of trabecular and marrow necrosis on histological examination. With any combination of two of these criteria, the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis were 91% and 99%, respectively. (+info)Femoral head necrosis treated with vascularized iliac crest graft. (8/547)
We reviewed 24 hips with avascular necrosis of the femoral head in 24 patients treated with vascularized iliac bone grafts 12 years after operation. In 7 patients the necrosis was classified as Ficat Stage II and in 17 patients as Stage III. Eight patients showed poor results. In 6 hips with fair results, moderate progression of the necrosis was noted at 3 to 8 years postoperatively. In 5 hips showing good results, slow progression with incipient signs of arthrosis were noted 8 years after surgery. In the remaining 5 patients with excellent results, no evidence of progression was noted 9 to 14 years postoperatively. The method described is recommended for treatment in the Ficat Stage II and early Stage III, when necrosis does not yet involve the complete femoral head. (+info)Femoral head necrosis, also known as avascular necrosis of the femoral head, is a medical condition that results from the interruption of blood flow to the femoral head, which is the rounded end of the thigh bone that fits into the hip joint. This lack of blood supply can cause the bone tissue to die, leading to the collapse of the femoral head and eventually resulting in hip joint damage or arthritis.
The condition can be caused by a variety of factors, including trauma, alcohol abuse, corticosteroid use, radiation therapy, and certain medical conditions such as sickle cell disease and lupus. Symptoms may include pain in the hip or groin, limited range of motion, and difficulty walking. Treatment options depend on the severity and progression of the necrosis and may include medication, physical therapy, or surgical intervention.
The femoral head is the rounded, ball-like top portion of the femur (thigh bone) that fits into the hip socket (acetabulum) to form the hip joint. It has a smooth, articular cartilage surface that allows for smooth and stable articulation with the pelvis. The femoral head is connected to the femoral neck, which is a narrower section of bone that angles downward and leads into the shaft of the femur. Together, the femoral head and neck provide stability and range of motion to the hip joint.
The femur is the medical term for the thigh bone, which is the longest and strongest bone in the human body. It connects the hip bone to the knee joint and plays a crucial role in supporting the weight of the body and allowing movement during activities such as walking, running, and jumping. The femur is composed of a rounded head, a long shaft, and two condyles at the lower end that articulate with the tibia and patella to form the knee joint.
In medical terms, the "head" is the uppermost part of the human body that contains the brain, skull, face, eyes, nose, mouth, and ears. It is connected to the rest of the body by the neck and is responsible for many vital functions such as sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch, and thought processing. The head also plays a crucial role in maintaining balance, speech, and eating.
Necrosis is the premature death of cells or tissues due to damage or injury, such as from infection, trauma, infarction (lack of blood supply), or toxic substances. It's a pathological process that results in the uncontrolled and passive degradation of cellular components, ultimately leading to the release of intracellular contents into the extracellular space. This can cause local inflammation and may lead to further tissue damage if not treated promptly.
There are different types of necrosis, including coagulative, liquefactive, caseous, fat, fibrinoid, and gangrenous necrosis, each with distinct histological features depending on the underlying cause and the affected tissues or organs.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a cytokine, a type of small signaling protein involved in immune response and inflammation. It is primarily produced by activated macrophages, although other cell types such as T-cells, natural killer cells, and mast cells can also produce it.
TNF-α plays a crucial role in the body's defense against infection and tissue injury by mediating inflammatory responses, activating immune cells, and inducing apoptosis (programmed cell death) in certain types of cells. It does this by binding to its receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2, which are found on the surface of many cell types.
In addition to its role in the immune response, TNF-α has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis, as well as cancer, where it can promote tumor growth and metastasis.
Therapeutic agents that target TNF-α, such as infliximab, adalimumab, and etanercept, have been developed to treat these conditions. However, these drugs can also increase the risk of infections and other side effects, so their use must be carefully monitored.
Quadratus femoris muscle
Avascular necrosis
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
Femoral head
Park Si-yeon
Plesiosaur
Obturator artery
List of MeSH codes (C05)
List of MeSH codes (C23)
Physiology of underwater diving
Jack Russell Terrier
Hip
Hyperbaric medicine
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Dysbaric osteonecrosis
Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society
Chandler's disease
Hip fracture
Transient synovitis
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Medial circumflex femoral artery
Epiphysis
Sesamoid bone
Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma
Osteonecrosis of the jaw
Hip dysplasia
Pistosaurus
Alexander B. Mott
San Baw
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Fracture14
- Treatment of non-union, femoral neck fracture, and trochanteric fractures of the proximal femur with head involvement, unmanageable by other techniques. (fda.gov)
- A hip fracture is a break in the upper portion of the femur (thighbone). (orthoinfo.org)
- Fractures of the femoral head are rare and are usually the result of a high-impact injury or are part of a fracture dislocation of the hip. (orthoinfo.org)
- We also performed electromagnetic (EM) computer simulations of virtual prototypes of bone cancer, femur fracture, and diabetic foot ulcers utilizing different frequencies and power applications to build an accurate differential diagnosis. (intechopen.com)
- We recruited 26 patients with femur head necrosis and 22 patients with femur neck fracture in this study. (raypeatforum.com)
- Much like post-traumatic arthritis, any injury to the hip joint that stifles blood flow to the joint - such as a dislocation or a fracture - can cause a lack of blood supply to the femoral head. (popb.md)
- The aim of this study is to report the outcome of an adolescent femur shaft fracture treated with a rigid intramedullary interlocking nail in North Indian patients. (ijrsms.com)
- The main indications for hip replacement is osteoarthritis hip, aseptic necrosis of the femoral head and hip fracture. (health-home.net)
- Absence of blood supply due to a previous fracture of the femoral neck or acetabulum can cause progressive limitation of the blood supply to the head. (drsouravshukla.com)
- Meanwhile, as the bone tissue grows, blood circulation is also introduced into the nail body, which is conducive to preventing the occurrence of fracture nonunion and femoral head necrosis. (strongtantalum.com)
- A femoral shaft fracture is a crack or break anywhere along the long and straight section of the femur. (drchrisevensen.com)
- To make a diagnosis, your doctor may take an x-ray to rule out a fracture (as this is often the cause of limited blood flow to the femoral head). (mendmyhip.com)
- Trauma to the hip joint (i.e. fracture or dislocation) can interrupt the flow of blood to the femoral head, leading to osteonecrosis. (mendmyhip.com)
- Medially, only the thin bone of the acetabular fossa (Figs 6.71 & 6.72) separates the head of the femur from structures within the pelvis that are vulnerable following acetabular fracture accompanied by medial displacement of the femoral head. (pediagenosis.com)
Proximal5
- Magnetic resonance imaging at admission showed osteomyelitis of the right acetabulum, with dislocation of the right femoral head with necrosis, and extensive soft tissue and muscular abscesses around the proximal femur and into the right pelvis and lower abdominal retroperitoneum. (cdc.gov)
- Blood supply to the proximal femur has been reserved with no signs of avascular necrosis. (aofoundation.org)
- The individual shows disproportionately short stature, with reduced long-bone diaphyseal length especially of both humeri, unfused proximal humerus epiphyses, abnormal development of the shoulder and hip joints, left femoral head necrosis, and unusually gracile left femur and tibia shaft, demonstrating limited mobility and labor capacity. (ntu.edu.sg)
- If not stopped, this process eventually causes the bone to collapse .Commonly affecting sites includes the head of femur, humerus, proximal tibia and femoral condyles. (ejpmr.com)
- The proximal femur makes up one side of the hip joint, while the distal femur makes up one side of the knee joint. (hipeducation.com)
Avascular necrosis of the hip1
- The procedure may also be advised for people suffering from femoroacetabular impingements (a condition where the hip bones have an abnormal shape) and Perthes disease (avascular necrosis of the hip in childhood). (bradleysmithmd.com)
Aseptic7
- Avascular necrosis (AVN) is also known as osteonecrosis, aseptic necrosis, and ischemic necrosis. (cadth.ca)
- Aseptic necrosis of the hip is the death of bone tissue in the head of the thigh bone (femur) due to poor blood supply. (epnet.com)
- Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is a type of aseptic necrosis in children. (epnet.com)
- Aseptic necrosis of the hip is caused by any event or health problem that blocks blood supply to the head of the femur. (epnet.com)
- There are no guidelines to prevent aseptic necrosis. (epnet.com)
- In coxarthrosis and aseptic necrosis of the head femur is primarily the pain and the associated reduction in quality of life! (health-home.net)
- Osteonecrosis, Aseptic necrosis and Ischemic necrosis are other terms used for avascular necrosis. (orthopaedicsbangalore.com)
Thigh11
- Located on the posterior side of the hip joint, it is a strong external rotator and adductor of the thigh, but also acts to stabilize the femoral head in the acetabulum. (wikipedia.org)
- The femur, or thigh bone, consists of the head (the ball) and the neck (the part of the femur that joins the long shaft of the bone to the head). (dpca.org)
- It is a ball (femoral head) and socket joint formed between the hip bone and femur (thigh bone). (bradleysmithmd.com)
- The thigh bone itself is called the femur , and the ball on the end is the femoral head . (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
- The femur or thigh bone is fitted into the cup-shaped socket of the pelvis. (orthopaedicsbangalore.com)
- Stress fractures of the hip are a break in the upper part of the thigh bone (femur) that fits into the. (drchrisevensen.com)
- The hip is a ball-and-socket joint made up of the head of the thigh bone or femur that acts as. (drchrisevensen.com)
- The femur or thigh bone is the longest and strongest bone in the body, connecting the hip to the knee. (drchrisevensen.com)
- A condition that results from having an incorrectly shaped femur (thigh bone) or acetabulum (socket). (hipeducation.com)
- An area of the femur (thigh bone) just below the femoral head, which serves as the "ball" portion of the ball-and-socket hip joint. (hipeducation.com)
- Laterally, the greater trochanter covers the neck of the femur and is palpable on the lateral side of the thigh. (pediagenosis.com)
Fractures5
- Femoral head fractures are extremely rare and are usually the result of a high-velocity event. (orthoinfo.org)
- Talar neck fractures represent 50% of all talar injuries and are responsible for 90% of all traumatic avascular necrosis. (caringmedical.com)
- The ALFN is indicated to stabilize fractures of the femoral shaft, subtrochanteric, ipsilateral neck/shaft and impending pathological fractures, as well as nonunions and malunions of the femur (Fig 1). (aofoundation.org)
- Femur shaft fractures constitute 1.6% of overall fractures in children. (ijrsms.com)
- [ 2 - 4 ] The management of shaft femur fractures is age dependent. (ijrsms.com)
Acetabulum9
- This ball and socket joint consists of two basic parts - the acetabulum and the femur. (dpca.org)
- The acetabulum forms the socket part of the joint and it is into this socket that the head of the femur rests. (dpca.org)
- This poor fit between femoral head and acetabulum is characteristic of dysplastic dogs. (dpca.org)
- The hip joint is strengthened by a ligament going directly from the femoral head into and attaching to the acetabulum. (dpca.org)
- The separation between the bones is called subluxation, and at its most severe it can become a total dislocation (the head of the femur leaves the acetabulum). (dpca.org)
- The hip joint is formed by the acetabulum socket - which is the outer edge of the pelvis - and the rounded femoral head ("ball") at the top of the femur, or thighbone. (popb.md)
- The surface of the femoral head and the inside of the acetabulum are covered with articular cartilage . (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
- The hip joint is a ball and socket joint in which the head of the femur is the ball and the acetabulum. (drchrisevensen.com)
- The hip joint is very stable, largely because of its bony morphology and the deep fit of the femoral head into the acetabulum. (pediagenosis.com)
Area of the femur1
- The area of the femur below the ball (femoral head). (orthoinfo.org)
Portion of the femur1
- Damage to the blood supply can cause death of the bone that makes up the ball portion of the femur. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
Left femur1
- by reason of "shot wound resulting in necrosis of head of left femur. (civilwardc.org)
Tibia1
- Doctors cover the femur or thighbone with a metal covering and place plastic on the tibia, so the metal and plastic implants smoothly glide against each other, much like natural cartilage. (mountainview-hospital.com)
Ischemic1
- The pathogenesis of SONFH is associated with increased intraosseous pressure caused by increased adipocyte proliferation and adipogenesis in the bone marrow, which can slow blood flow in the femoral head and eventually lead to ischemic osteonecrosis [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Complications3
- Complications of internal fixation include the death of bone tissue (avascular necrosis), early implant failure and nonunion of the bone. (aaos.org)
- The adolescent age group with skeletal immaturity deserves special attention from the surgeons because of grave complications like avascular necrosis of the femur head and angular deformities. (ijrsms.com)
- One of the most common and serious complications caused by steroid therapy is steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Pelvis1
- Cup-shaped "socket" that is part of the pelvis and holds the head of the femur to make up the hip joint. (hipeducation.com)
Articular2
- This weakens the bone and can lead to a collapse of the femur head and eventual arthritis as the surface of the femur head (articular cartilage) changes shape. (mendmyhip.com)
- Synovial membrane lines the interior of the capsule and the non-articular surfaces of the joint, clothes the ligament of the head of the femur and is reflected over the retinacular fibres and the femoral neck as far as the head. (pediagenosis.com)
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head4
- [ 16 ] A study analyzed the clinical, functional and radiological outcome of core decompression and bone grafting in 20 patients with 28 cases of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) up to stage IIB (Ficat & Arlet). (medscape.com)
- Current management options for osteonecrosis of the femoral head: part 1, diagnosis and nonoperative management. (epnet.com)
- Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is the necrosis of the femur bone caused by prolonged and massive use of corticosteroids. (biomedcentral.com)
- However, the specific mechanism of osteonecrosis of the femoral head has not been fully elucidated. (biomedcentral.com)
Osteoarthritis1
- Non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease including osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis. (fda.gov)
Dysplasia2
- The clinical and radiographic outcomes of 25 patients with avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head complicating developmental hip dysplasia (DDH) were analyzed. (elsevierpure.com)
- Bar-On, E , Huo, MH & DeLuca, PA 1997, ' Early innominate osteotomy as a treatment for avascular necrosis complicating developmental hip dysplasia ', Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics Part B , vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 138-145. (elsevierpure.com)
Shaft3
- The area below the neck of the femur and above the long part or shaft of the femur. (orthoinfo.org)
- The upper part of the shaft of the femur below the greater and lesser trochanters. (orthoinfo.org)
- All of the blood supply comes into the ball that forms the hip joint through the neck of the femur ( the femoral neck ), a thinner area of bone that connects the ball to the shaft. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
Thighbone5
- The ball is the head of the femur, which is the upper part of the thighbone. (orthoinfo.org)
- The areas of the femur (thighbone). (orthoinfo.org)
- This can cause the head of the femur (thighbone) to collapse, causing dislocations and severe arthritic conditions. (popb.md)
- The "ball" is the head of the femur or thighbone, and the. (drchrisevensen.com)
- The hip joint consists of the femur (thighbone) and pelvic bone, which is made up of the fusion of. (drchrisevensen.com)
Deformity1
- There was no avascular necrosis, angular deformity and infection. (ijrsms.com)
Rheumatoid1
- Cases like Osteo arthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Avascular necrosis, Ankylosis Spondylitis and Childhood diseases can cause roughening of the cartilage leading to damaged joint surfaces. (drsouravshukla.com)
Arthritis4
- Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the talus is a debilitating condition, often leading to arthritis and arthrosis of the subtalar and ankle joints . (caringmedical.com)
- Adolescents suffering from avascular necrosis (loss of blood to the bone), young people having arthritis, or elderly people with hip joint breaks or dislocations are usually treated with hip distraction. (bradleysmithmd.com)
- This causes the head to collapse thus resulting in arthritis. (drsouravshukla.com)
- Objective Analysis of heart rate variability in a child with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis using the anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor. (bvsalud.org)
Surgical4
- Surgical treatment of AVN can be broadly categorized as either prophylactic measures (to retard progression) or reconstruction procedures (after femoral head collapse). (medscape.com)
- The most commonly performed prophylactic surgical intervention is core decompression, whereby one or more cores of necrotic femoral head bone is removed in order to stimulate repair. (medscape.com)
- Avascular necrosis is generally treated by hip distraction arthroplasty, a surgical procedure which decreases the pain in the hip joint and increases the ability to perform daily activities. (bradleysmithmd.com)
- Porous tantalum nail implantation is an ideal minimally invasive surgical treatment for the treatment of early Avascular Necrosis of Femur Head (ANFH) in adults. (strongtantalum.com)
Socket4
- The ball of the femur that sits in the socket. (orthoinfo.org)
- In a few of these patients, the femur head fuses with the socket leading to significant disability. (drsouravshukla.com)
- The hip joint is damaged by general attrition of the bones and joint causing extremely deformed femoral head and socket. (drsouravshukla.com)
- The ball in the ball and socket joint of the hip is called the femoral head. (orthopaedicsbangalore.com)
Etiology1
- However, the results merely depend on the etiology and the clinical stage of femoral head necrosis. (ijpsonline.com)
Surface of the femoral head1
- How severe the AVN is, depends on the total volume, damage due to the abnormal tissue changes, and position of the surface of the femoral head. (orthopaedicsbangalore.com)
Collapse of the femoral head2
- Management of early stages of osteonecrosis aims to prevent the collapse of the femoral head by attempts at restoring the vascularity of femoral head. (nih.gov)
- According to an estimate, 70 % of the individuals diagnosed with FHN progress to develop the collapse of the femoral head. (ijpsonline.com)
Injuries2
- 2, 3 The most feared complication of talar injuries is Avascular necrosis. (caringmedical.com)
- Injuries and diseases, if left untreated, can cause necrosis as well. (orthopaedicsbangalore.com)
Ligament3
- The teres ligament connects the top of the femoral head to the tissue inside the acetabular joint and contains a small artery that supplies blood to the femoral head . (mendmyhip.com)
- Within the joint is the ligament of the head of the femur (ligamentum teres femoris) (Figs 6.67 & 6.69), which has the form of a flattened cone, the base attaching to the margins of the acetabular fossa and transverse acetabular ligament and the apex to the fovea on the femoral head. (pediagenosis.com)
- The ligament of the head of the femur limits adduction of the hip. (pediagenosis.com)
Clinical2
- In order to classify FHN into different clinical stages, the Ficat and ARCO (Association Research Circulation Osseous) classification system was used, on the basis of radiographic evaluation of the femoral head. (ijpsonline.com)
- Introduction Femur head necrosis (FHN) is a challenging clinical disease with unclear underlying mechanism, which pathologically is associated with disordered metabolism. (raypeatforum.com)
Decompression3
- Forty patients (60 hips) with stage I, II or III (ARCO system) osteonecrosis of femoral head were treated by either core decompression and isolated mononuclear cells (group A) or core decompression and unprocessed bone marrow injection (group B). The patients were followed up clinically and radiologically for a minimum of 2 years. (nih.gov)
- While arthroscopy with or without core decompression is the standard of care for unresolved cases of avascular necrosis of the talus, we present a case of avascular necrosis of the talar dome where symptoms resolved satisfactorily with direct bone marrow injections into structures into and around the ankle. (caringmedical.com)
- The first is hip decompression where they drill holes in the area of the hip osteonecrosis to help relieve the pressure on the femoral head. (mendmyhip.com)
Anatomic1
- The talus has several anatomic features that predispose it to avascular necrosis. (caringmedical.com)
Laterally3
- From there, it passes laterally to its insertion on the posterior side of the head of the femur: the quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest and along the quadrate line, the vertical line which runs downward to bisect the lesser trochanter on the medial side of the femur. (wikipedia.org)
- Since the muscle works to laterally rotate and adduct the femur, actions involving the lower body can strain the muscle. (wikipedia.org)
- The iliofemoral, pubofemoral and ischiofemoral ligaments are capsular thickenings that spiral downwards and laterally from the hip bone to the femur. (pediagenosis.com)
Medial2
- The lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries branch off the femoral artery and supply the femoral head with the majority of its blood supply. (mendmyhip.com)
- The head surmounts the femoral neck, whose base abuts the medial side of the greater trochanter. (pediagenosis.com)
Femoral head collapse2
- One study indicated that vascularized fibular grafts were more effective in preventing femoral head collapse than nonvascularized fibular autografts. (medscape.com)
- Published opinions regarding this disease represent that there are 59 % of cases that proceed to symptomatic disease, which results in femoral head collapse[ 5 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Injections1
- Note: Since this article first appeared in the Journal of Prolotherapy in 2012, new research has continued to support the use of direct Bone Marrow injections in cases of avascular necrosis. (caringmedical.com)
Insufficient blood2
- The principal contributing factor in the pathogenesis of the disease is insufficient blood supply to the femoral head resulting in necrosis of the femoral head. (ijpsonline.com)
- When a bone dies due to insufficient blood flow, it is known as avascular necrosis (AVN). (orthopaedicsbangalore.com)
Blood10
- Osteonecrosis is a disease characterized by a derangement of local blood supply that leads to necrosis of osseous tissue. (medscape.com)
- Again, edema leads to a rise in intraosseous pressure that further compromises blood flow, thus worsening ischemia and necrosis. (medscape.com)
- In this condition, the head of the femur loses some of its blood supply and dies. (mountainview-hospital.com)
- If the hip joint breaks or dislocates during an accident or due to old age, it may affect the blood supply to the bone, a condition called avascular necrosis (characterized by loss of blood to the bone). (bradleysmithmd.com)
- This document will describe what happens when this blood supply is damaged and results in what is called avascular necrosis (AVN) of the hip. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
- Due to inadequate blood flow, the bone dies, and the joint becomes weak, leading to bone necrosis. (orthopaedicsbangalore.com)
- Avascular necrosis (AVN) likewise called as osteonecrosis, is a condition that of loss of blood supply to the bone. (ejpmr.com)
- Hip necrosis, also called osteonecrosis or avascular necrosis, is a painful condition in which lack of proper blood flow to the head of the femur results in osteocytes and the bone marrow dying. (mendmyhip.com)
- If the blood supply is not steady enough to keep the femoral head healthy, osteonecrosis can set in. (mendmyhip.com)
- For any chronic condition that may cause hip necrosis or once the arteries are repaired, improving blood flow to the hip joint is essential to prevent any further bone marrow from dying and improving the health of the hip joint. (mendmyhip.com)
Bones2
- Bones vary widely in size, ranging from the tiny inner ear bones that are responsible for transmitting mechanical sound waves to the sensory organs to the large (nearly 2 ft long) femur bone that is strong enough to withstand 30 times one's body weight. (medscape.com)
- Long bones are formed from a cartilage model precursor by endochondral ossification (see the image below) and can range in size from a phalanx to a femur. (medscape.com)
Adequate1
- Various preventive measures required to treat femoral head necrosis include revascularization, adequate supply of osteogenic cells and establishing enough strength to avoid collapse. (ijpsonline.com)
Fits1
- It has a rounded shape that fits around the femoral head. (orthoinfo.org)
Occurs2
- When AVN occurs in the hip joint, the top of the femoral head (the ball portion) collapses and begins to flatten. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
- Avascular necrosis, also called osteonecrosis, is a condition in which bone death occurs because of. (drchrisevensen.com)
Treatment5
- Among all, cell transplantation therapy is considered the most favourable treatment strategy for femoral head necrosis. (ijpsonline.com)
- The main objective of this communication is to study the treatment of femoral head necrosis with cell replacement therapy and also its effects by focusing on the disease stages. (ijpsonline.com)
- The treatment options are limited and the long-term prognosis is poor, particularly in advanced bone necrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
- Hip distraction is indicated for the treatment of avascular necrosis in adolescents. (bradleysmithmd.com)
- The treatment of JIA has taken place in the last 10 years with the introduction of biological or immunobiological therapies aiming to inhibit Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF α ) and cytosine. (bvsalud.org)
Ball1
- This ball replaces the damaged femoral head that was removed. (drsouravshukla.com)
Longest1
- The femur is the longest bone in the human body. (hipeducation.com)