Dextranase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of dextran, a glucose polymer, into smaller oligosaccharides or simple sugars, primarily used in clinical settings to prevent or treat dextran-induced complications such as anaphylaxis and renal dysfunction.
A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria isolated from the human tooth surface. Strains have been shown to be cariogenic in experimental animals and may be associated with human dental caries.
A genus of ascomycetous soil yeast in the family Lipomycetaceae, order SACCHAROMYCETALES.
A group of glucose polymers made by certain bacteria. Dextrans are used therapeutically as plasma volume expanders and anticoagulants. They are also commonly used in biological experimentation and in industry for a wide variety of purposes.
A polysaccharide-producing species of STREPTOCOCCUS isolated from human dental plaque.
Polysaccharides composed of repeating glucose units. They can consist of branched or unbranched chains in any linkages.
A gram-positive organism found in dental plaque, in blood, on heart valves in subacute endocarditis, and infrequently in saliva and throat specimens. L-forms are associated with recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
A film that attaches to teeth, often causing DENTAL CARIES and GINGIVITIS. It is composed of MUCINS, secreted from salivary glands, and microorganisms.
A genus of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria whose organisms occur in pairs or chains. No endospores are produced. Many species exist as commensals or parasites on man or animals with some being highly pathogenic. A few species are saprophytes and occur in the natural environment.
A genus of gram-positive, anaerobic bacteria in the family Thermoanaerobacteriaceae. Cultures consist of rods interspersed with coccoid cells.
A mitosporic Trichocomaceae fungal genus that develops fruiting organs resembling a broom. When identified, teleomorphs include EUPENICILLIUM and TALAROMYCES. Several species (but especially PENICILLIUM CHRYSOGENUM) are sources of the antibiotic penicillin.
A genus of asporogenous bacteria isolated from soil that displays a distinctive rod-coccus growth cycle.
Individuals with a degree in veterinary medicine that provides them with training and qualifications to treat diseases and injuries of animals.
The terms, expressions, designations, or symbols used in a particular science, discipline, or specialized subject area.
A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
"The business or profession of the commercial production and issuance of literature" (Webster's 3d). It includes the publisher, publication processes, editing and editors. Production may be by conventional printing methods or by electronic publishing.
One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.
Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.
The medical science concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases in animals.

PCR for detection and identification of Streptococcus sobrinus. (1/71)

Oligonucleotide primers were designed based upon a comparison of the dextranase gene (dex) sequences from Streptococcus sobrinus and S. mutans. The primers amplified a 1610-bp long DNA fragment on the dex gene by a PCR. The pair of primers was specific to S. sobrinus as the other members of the mutans streptococci - S. mutans, S. downei, S. cricetus, S. rattus, S. macacae and S. ferus - gave no PCR products. Other gram-positive oral bacteria (15 strains of 10 species of cocci and 18 strains of 12 species of rods) and gram-negative oral bacteria (3 strains of 3 species of cocci and 31 strains of 22 species of rods) also gave negative results in the PCR. The PCR procedure was able to detect as little as 100 fg of purified chromosomal DNA or as few as 9 cfu of S. sobrinus NIDR6715. Seven clinical isolates of S. sobrinus were also positive in the dex PCR. This laboratory developed the S. mutans-specific PCR (dexA PCR) method with the primers specific for a portion of the dextranase gene of S. mutans Ingbritt. Primers for the dex and dexA PCR methods detected two species exclusively from the mutans streptococci. Furthermore, these two species were effectively differentiated by the species-specific amplicons with different lengths. The application of the PCR method to human dental plaque showed that the prevalence of S. sobrinus (83%) in oral cavities was higher than currently supposed (0-50%). These results suggest that the described PCR method is suitable for the specific detection and identification of human cariogenic bacteria, S. sobrinus and S. mutans.  (+info)

Dextranases from oral bacteria: inhibition of water-insoluble glucan production and adherence to smooth surfaces by Streptococcus mutans. (2/71)

The effect of dextranases (EC 3.2.1.11) from the oral isolates Actinomyces israelii and Bacteroides ochraceus on water-insoluble glucan production by the Streptococcus mutans dextransucrase (EC 2.4.1.5) and sucrose-dependent adherence to smooth glass surfaces by S. mutans was studied. Collection on membrane filters of water-insoluble polysaccharides synthesized from radioactive sucrose was used to demonstrate the marked sensitivity of insoluble glucan formation to the presence of dextranase. Concentrations of A. israelii dextranase as low as 0.002 U/ml inhibited insoluble glucan formation by 60%. Similar results were obtained the the B. ochraceus enzyme. An assay for sucrose-stimulated adherence of S. mutans to smooth surfaces involved attachment of radioactively labeled nongrowing cells to the bottom of glass scintillation vials. This facile and sensitive assay was utilized to demonstrate that sucrose-dependent adherence was affected by low levels of dextranase from either A. israelii or B. ochraceus. Enzyme at 0.005 U/ml reduced adherence of S. mutans by 80%. Treatment of S. mutans cells previously attached to glass with low concentrations of the dextranases resulted in removal of 50% to 60% of the bacteria. The results indicate that dextranase-producing oral bacteria may affect sucrose-dependent colonization of S. mutans on the tooth surface and offer a possible explanation for both the difficulties involved in implanting this bacterium into the human mouth and the limited intraoral transmission of S. mutans from one tooth surface to another.  (+info)

Analysis of growth rate in sucrose-supplemented cultures of Streptococcus mutans. (3/71)

In the presence of sucrose, Streptococcus mutans grows in large glucan-containing aggregates. Because of reports of linear rather than exponential growth of sucrose-grown cultures, the kinetics of growth of sucrose-grown cultures of S. mutans strain OMZ-176 were compared with those of glucose-grown cultures. Culture turbidity measurements indicated that growth of sucrose cultures was slower, did not follow exponential kinetics, and slowed and stopped at lower absorbance values than did glucose-grown cultures. However, measurements of the rates of accumulation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), and protein using fully equilibrated radioactively labeled precursors of each of these macromolecular species in sucrose and glucose-grown cultures showed that: (i) for glucose cultures the synthesis of each of the three informational molecules occurred at the same exponential rate, which was identical to the rate of turbidity increase; (ii) for sucrose cultures each macromolecular species was synthesized at the same exponential rate and these rates were identical to the rate of increase of turbidity of the glucose-grown culture for periods of up to 7 h. Furthermore, the ratios of DNA to RNA, RNA to protein, and protein to DNA for the sucrose cultures were identical to those for the glucose cultures for up to 10 doublings. From these data it was concluded that in the presence of sucrose S. mutans grows in a balanced fashion at the same exponential rate as it does in glucose. The deviation from an exponential growth model of the absorbance in sucrose cultures was attributed to an optical artifact due to the formation of large glucan-containing aggregates of cells. The addition of dextranase to sucrose cultures resulted in cultures which increased in turbidity at the same exponential rate as glucose-grown cultures, without affecting the rate or extent of macromolecular synthesis.  (+info)

Effect of dextranase on the extracellular polysaccharide synthesis of Streptococcus mutans; chemical and scanning electron microscopy studies. (4/71)

A dextranase preparation (AD17) partially purified from a culture liquor of Spicaria violacea strain IFO 6120 significantly inhibited the formation of artifcial dental plaque on a steel wire or on an extracted tooth surface. Changes in the surface morphology of Streptococcus mutans cells due to AD17 action were studied using scanning electron microscopy. S. mutans cells grown in 5% sucrose-containing broth were coated with sticky amorphous capsule-like material, whereas cells grown in sucrose in the presence of AD17 or in glucose instead of sucrose did not synthesize such capsular material. AK17 degraded commercially available dextrans of molecular weight 7 X 1(04) and 2 X 10(6) to liberate glucose and various oligosaccharides, including isomaltose. On the other hand, AD17 hydrolyzed the extracellular polysaccharides (mainly glucan in nature) of some strains of S. mutans to a limited degree. Only 15 to 36% of the total polysaccharides were hydrolyzed by AD1M with little release of isomaltose. Prolonged incubation of the polysaccharides from S. mutans with AD17 did not release additional reducing sugars, which indicates that AD17 did not contain alpha-1,3-glucanase activity. These results suggest that glucosidic linkages which are susceptible to AD17 may play an important role in the adherence of S. mutans cells to smooth surfaces.  (+info)

Molecular cloning and characterization of glucanase inhibitor proteins: coevolution of a counterdefense mechanism by plant pathogens. (5/71)

A characteristic plant response to microbial attack is the production of endo-beta-1,3-glucanases, which are thought to play an important role in plant defense, either directly, through the degradation of beta-1,3/1,6-glucans in the pathogen cell wall, or indirectly, by releasing oligosaccharide elicitors that induce additional plant defenses. We report the sequencing and characterization of a class of proteins, termed glucanase inhibitor proteins (GIPs), that are secreted by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae, a pathogen of soybean, and that specifically inhibit the endoglucanase activity of their plant host. GIPs are homologous with the trypsin class of Ser proteases but are proteolytically nonfunctional because one or more residues of the essential catalytic triad is absent. However, specific structural features are conserved that are characteristic of protein-protein interactions, suggesting a mechanism of action that has not been described previously in plant pathogen studies. We also report the identification of two soybean endoglucanases: EGaseA, which acts as a high-affinity ligand for GIP1; and EGaseB, with which GIP1 does not show any association. In vitro, GIP1 inhibits the EGaseA-mediated release of elicitor-active glucan oligosaccharides from P. sojae cell walls. Furthermore, GIPs and soybean endoglucanases interact in vivo during pathogenesis in soybean roots. GIPs represent a novel counterdefensive weapon used by plant pathogens to suppress a plant defense response and potentially function as important pathogenicity determinants.  (+info)

Induced systemic resistance (ISR) against pathogens in the context of induced plant defences. (6/71)

Induced systemic resistance (ISR) of plants against pathogens is a widespread phenomenon that has been intensively investigated with respect to the underlying signalling pathways as well as to its potential use in plant protection. Elicited by a local infection, plants respond with a salicylic-dependent signalling cascade that leads to the systemic expression of a broad spectrum and long-lasting disease resistance that is efficient against fungi, bacteria and viruses. Changes in cell wall composition, de novo production of pathogenesis-related-proteins such as chitinases and glucanases, and synthesis of phytoalexins are associated with resistance, although further defensive compounds are likely to exist but remain to be identified. In this Botanical Briefing we focus on interactions between ISR and induced resistance against herbivores that is mediated by jasmonic acid as a central signalling molecule. While many studies report cross-resistance, others have found trade-offs, i.e. inhibition of one resistance pathway by the other. Here we propose a framework that explains many of the thus far contradictory results. We regard elicitation separately from signalling and from production, i.e. the synthesis of defensive compounds. Interactions on all three levels can act independently from each other.  (+info)

Dextran-mediated interbacterial aggregation between dextran-synthesizing streptococci and Actinomyces viscosus. (7/71)

Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus mutans bind to the surface of Actinomyces viscosus, producing large microbial aggregates. Aggregates form rapidly and are not easily dissociated by vigorous mixing. The binding is mediated by dextran. Glucose-grown streptococci will not aggregate unless they are first mixed with high-molecular-weight dextran. Aggregation is induced with dextrans isolated from Leuconostoc, S. sanguis, or S. mutans. Sucrose-grown streptococci will adhere to A. viscosus without the addition of an exogenous source of dextran. A. viscosus will bind dextran and then bind glucose-grown streptococci. Aggregation occurs over a wide pH range and is dependent on cations. The aggregating activity of A. viscosus is both protease and heat sensitive. The aggregating activity of S. sanguis is heat stable but sensitive to dextranase.  (+info)

Dextranase from Penicillium minioluteum: reaction course, crystal structure, and product complex. (8/71)

Dextranase catalyzes the hydrolysis of the alpha-1,6-glycosidic linkage in dextran polymers. The structure of dextranase, Dex49A, from Penicillium minioluteum was solved in the apo-enzyme and product-bound forms. The main domain of the enzyme is a right-handed parallel beta helix, which is connected to a beta sandwich domain at the N terminus. In the structure of the product complex, isomaltose was found to bind in a crevice on the surface of the enzyme. The glycosidic oxygen of the glucose unit in subsite +1 forms a hydrogen bond to the suggested catalytic acid, Asp395. By NMR spectroscopy the reaction course was shown to occur with net inversion at the anomeric carbon, implying a single displacement mechanism. Both Asp376 and Asp396 are suitably positioned to activate the water molecule that performs the nucleophilic attack. A new clan that links glycoside hydrolase families 28 and 49 is suggested.  (+info)

Dextranase is an enzyme that breaks down dextran, a type of complex sugar (polysaccharide) consisting of many glucose molecules linked together in a chain. Dextran is produced by certain bacteria and can be found in some foods, as well as in the body during infections or after surgery. Dextranase is used medically to help prevent or treat complications associated with dextran, such as blockages in blood vessels caused by the accumulation of dextran molecules. It may also be used in research and industry for various purposes, including the production of clarified fruit juices and wine.

Streptococcus sobrinus is a gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic coccus that belongs to the viridans group of streptococci. It's a type of bacteria commonly found in the oral cavity and is one of the primary causative agents of dental caries (tooth decay) along with Streptococcus mutans.

S. sobrinus has the ability to metabolize sugars and produce acid as a byproduct, which can lower the pH of the oral environment and contribute to tooth demineralization and cavity formation. This organism is often found in higher numbers in individuals with a high risk of caries and is associated with a more severe form of the disease.

It's important to note that while S. sobrinus is a significant contributor to dental caries, good oral hygiene practices, such as regular brushing and flossing, limiting sugar intake, and receiving professional dental care can help prevent the negative effects of this bacteria on oral health.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Lipomyces" is not a medical term. It is actually the name of a genus of yeasts that are commonly found in soil and other environments. These yeasts are known for their ability to produce lipids and have been studied for potential industrial applications. If you have any questions about microbiology or another scientific field, I'd be happy to try to help answer them!

Dextrans are a type of complex glucose polymers that are formed by the action of certain bacteria on sucrose. They are branched polysaccharides consisting of linear chains of α-1,6 linked D-glucopyranosyl units with occasional α-1,3 branches.

Dextrans have a wide range of applications in medicine and industry. In medicine, dextrans are used as plasma substitutes, volume expanders, and anticoagulants. They are also used as carriers for drugs and diagnostic agents, and in the manufacture of immunoadsorbents for the removal of toxins and pathogens from blood.

Dextrans can be derived from various bacterial sources, but the most common commercial source is Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512(F) or L. dextranicum. The molecular weight of dextrans can vary widely, ranging from a few thousand to several million Daltons, depending on the method of preparation and purification.

Dextrans are generally biocompatible and non-toxic, but they can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. Therefore, their use as medical products requires careful monitoring and testing for safety and efficacy.

Streptococcus mutans is a gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, beta-hemolytic species of bacteria that's part of the normal microbiota of the oral cavity in humans. It's one of the primary etiological agents associated with dental caries, or tooth decay, due to its ability to produce large amounts of acid as a byproduct of sugar metabolism, which can lead to demineralization of tooth enamel and dentin. The bacterium can also adhere to tooth surfaces and form biofilms, further contributing to the development of dental caries.

Glucans are polysaccharides (complex carbohydrates) that are made up of long chains of glucose molecules. They can be found in the cell walls of certain plants, fungi, and bacteria. In medicine, beta-glucans derived from yeast or mushrooms have been studied for their potential immune-enhancing effects. However, more research is needed to fully understand their role and effectiveness in human health.

Streptococcus sanguis is a gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, beta-hemolytic bacterium that belongs to the Streptococcaceae family. It's part of the viridans group streptococci (VGS) and is commonly found in the oral cavity of humans, residing on the surface of teeth and mucous membranes.

S. sanguis is generally considered a commensal organism; however, it can contribute to dental plaque formation and cause endocarditis, particularly in people with pre-existing heart conditions. It's important to note that there are several subspecies of S. sanguis, including S. sanguis I, II, III, and IV, which may have different characteristics and clinical implications.

Medical Definition: Streptococcus sanguis is a gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, beta-hemolytic bacterium that belongs to the viridans group streptococci (VGS). It is commonly found in the oral cavity and can cause endocarditis in susceptible individuals.

Dental plaque is a biofilm or mass of bacteria that accumulates on the surface of the teeth, restorative materials, and prosthetic devices such as dentures. It is initiated when bacterial colonizers attach to the smooth surfaces of teeth through van der Waals forces and specific molecular adhesion mechanisms.

The microorganisms within the dental plaque produce extracellular polysaccharides that help to stabilize and strengthen the biofilm, making it resistant to removal by simple brushing or rinsing. Over time, if not regularly removed through oral hygiene practices such as brushing and flossing, dental plaque can mineralize and harden into tartar or calculus.

The bacteria in dental plaque can cause tooth decay (dental caries) by metabolizing sugars and producing acid that demineralizes the tooth enamel. Additionally, certain types of bacteria in dental plaque can cause periodontal disease, an inflammation of the gums that can lead to tissue damage and bone loss around the teeth. Regular professional dental cleanings and good oral hygiene practices are essential for preventing the buildup of dental plaque and maintaining good oral health.

Streptococcus is a genus of Gram-positive, spherical bacteria that typically form pairs or chains when clustered together. These bacteria are facultative anaerobes, meaning they can grow in the presence or absence of oxygen. They are non-motile and do not produce spores.

Streptococcus species are commonly found on the skin and mucous membranes of humans and animals. Some strains are part of the normal flora of the body, while others can cause a variety of infections, ranging from mild skin infections to severe and life-threatening diseases such as sepsis, meningitis, and toxic shock syndrome.

The pathogenicity of Streptococcus species depends on various virulence factors, including the production of enzymes and toxins that damage tissues and evade the host's immune response. One of the most well-known Streptococcus species is Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as group A streptococcus (GAS), which is responsible for a wide range of clinical manifestations, including pharyngitis (strep throat), impetigo, cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis, and rheumatic fever.

It's important to note that the classification of Streptococcus species has evolved over time, with many former members now classified as different genera within the family Streptococcaceae. The current classification system is based on a combination of phenotypic characteristics (such as hemolysis patterns and sugar fermentation) and genotypic methods (such as 16S rRNA sequencing and multilocus sequence typing).

"Thermoanaerobacter" is a genus of bacteria that are thermophilic (grow optimally at higher temperatures), anaerobic (do not require oxygen for growth), and straight or slightly curved rods in shape. They are capable of fermenting various sugars, organic acids, and alcohols to produce energy, with the formation of end products such as hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and acetic acid. These bacteria can be found in environments like hot springs, compost piles, and oil wells. It's important to note that individual species within this genus may have additional specific characteristics or requirements for growth.

"Penicillium" is not a medical term per se, but it is a genus of mold that is widely used in the field of medicine, specifically in the production of antibiotics. Here's a scientific definition:

Penicillium is a genus of ascomycete fungi that are commonly found in the environment, particularly in soil, decaying vegetation, and food. Many species of Penicillium produce penicillin, a group of antibiotics with activity against gram-positive bacteria. The discovery and isolation of penicillin from Penicillium notatum by Alexander Fleming in 1928 revolutionized the field of medicine and led to the development of modern antibiotic therapy. Since then, various species of Penicillium have been used in the industrial production of penicillin and other antibiotics, as well as in the production of enzymes, organic acids, and other industrial products.

Arthrobacter is a genus of Gram-positive, catalase-positive, aerobic bacteria that are commonly found in soil and water. These bacteria are known for their ability to degrade various organic compounds, including hydrocarbons, and are often used in bioremediation applications. The cells of Arthrobacter species are typically rod-shaped and may appear slightly curved or irregular. They can form dormant structures called exospores that allow them to survive in harsh environments. Arthrobacter species are not considered human pathogens and do not cause disease in humans.

A veterinarian is a licensed medical professional who practices veterinary medicine. They are dedicated to the health and well-being of animals, ranging from pets and livestock to wild animals and exotic creatures. Veterinarians diagnose, treat, and prevent diseases and injuries in animals, and they also provide advice and guidance on animal care and nutrition.

Veterinarians may specialize in a particular area of veterinary medicine, such as surgery, internal medicine, dentistry, dermatology, or emergency care. They may work in private clinical practice, research institutions, government agencies, zoos, wildlife rehabilitation centers, or the animal health industry.

To become a veterinarian, one must complete a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) degree from an accredited veterinary school and pass a licensing exam. Veterinary schools typically require applicants to have a bachelor's degree with a strong background in science courses. Additionally, veterinarians must adhere to strict ethical standards and maintain their knowledge and skills through ongoing education and training.

"Terminology as a topic" in the context of medical education and practice refers to the study and use of specialized language and terms within the field of medicine. This includes understanding the meaning, origins, and appropriate usage of medical terminology in order to effectively communicate among healthcare professionals and with patients. It may also involve studying the evolution and cultural significance of medical terminology. The importance of "terminology as a topic" lies in promoting clear and accurate communication, which is essential for providing safe and effective patient care.

Medical definitions of water generally describe it as a colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for all forms of life. It is a universal solvent, making it an excellent medium for transporting nutrients and waste products within the body. Water constitutes about 50-70% of an individual's body weight, depending on factors such as age, sex, and muscle mass.

In medical terms, water has several important functions in the human body:

1. Regulation of body temperature through perspiration and respiration.
2. Acting as a lubricant for joints and tissues.
3. Facilitating digestion by helping to break down food particles.
4. Transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body.
5. Helping to maintain healthy skin and mucous membranes.
6. Assisting in the regulation of various bodily functions, such as blood pressure and heart rate.

Dehydration can occur when an individual does not consume enough water or loses too much fluid due to illness, exercise, or other factors. This can lead to a variety of symptoms, including dry mouth, fatigue, dizziness, and confusion. Severe dehydration can be life-threatening if left untreated.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "publishing" is not a term that has a medical definition. Publishing typically refers to the process of preparing and disseminating information, such as books, journals, or articles, to the public or a specific audience. It could involve both print and digital media. If you have any questions related to medicine or healthcare, I'd be happy to try to help answer those!

Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that are among the earliest known life forms on Earth. They are typically characterized as having a cell wall and no membrane-bound organelles. The majority of bacteria have a prokaryotic organization, meaning they lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Bacteria exist in diverse environments and can be found in every habitat on Earth, including soil, water, and the bodies of plants and animals. Some bacteria are beneficial to their hosts, while others can cause disease. Beneficial bacteria play important roles in processes such as digestion, nitrogen fixation, and biogeochemical cycling.

Bacteria reproduce asexually through binary fission or budding, and some species can also exchange genetic material through conjugation. They have a wide range of metabolic capabilities, with many using organic compounds as their source of energy, while others are capable of photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.

Bacteria are highly adaptable and can evolve rapidly in response to environmental changes. This has led to the development of antibiotic resistance in some species, which poses a significant public health challenge. Understanding the biology and behavior of bacteria is essential for developing strategies to prevent and treat bacterial infections and diseases.

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a type of chromatography that separates and analyzes compounds based on their interactions with a stationary phase and a mobile phase under high pressure. The mobile phase, which can be a gas or liquid, carries the sample mixture through a column containing the stationary phase.

In HPLC, the mobile phase is a liquid, and it is pumped through the column at high pressures (up to several hundred atmospheres) to achieve faster separation times and better resolution than other types of liquid chromatography. The stationary phase can be a solid or a liquid supported on a solid, and it interacts differently with each component in the sample mixture, causing them to separate as they travel through the column.

HPLC is widely used in analytical chemistry, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and other fields to separate, identify, and quantify compounds present in complex mixtures. It can be used to analyze a wide range of substances, including drugs, hormones, vitamins, pigments, flavors, and pollutants. HPLC is also used in the preparation of pure samples for further study or use.

Veterinary medicine is the branch of medical science that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases, disorders, and injuries in non-human animals. The profession of veterinary medicine is dedicated to the care, health, and welfare of animals, as well as to the promotion of human health through animal research and public health advancements. Veterinarians employ a variety of diagnostic methods including clinical examination, radiography, laboratory testing, and ultrasound imaging. They use a range of treatments, including medication, surgery, and dietary management. In addition, veterinarians may also advise on preventative healthcare measures such as vaccination schedules and parasite control programs.

... (EC 3.2.1.11, dextran hydrolase, endodextranase, dextranase DL 2, DL 2, endo-dextranase, α-D-1,6-glucan-6- ... Dextranase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology v t e (CS1 errors: ... "A bacterial dextranase". Biochem. J. 72 (1): 49-54. doi:10.1042/bj0720049. PMC 1196879. PMID 13651134. Deuel, H.; Stutz, E. ( ...
In enzymology, a dextrin dextranase (EC 2.4.1.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n + (1 ...
Sugiura M, Ito A, Yamaguchi T (May 1974). "Studies on dextranase. II. New exo-dextranase from Brevibacterium fuscum var. ...
... (EC 3.2.1.94, exo-isomaltohydrolase, isomalto-dextranase, isomaltodextranase, G2-dextranase, 1,6-α- ... Sawai T, Toriyama K, Yano K (January 1974). "A bacterial dextranase releasing only isomaltose from dextrans". Journal of ...
Dextranase hydrolyses alpha-1,6-glycosidic bonds in dextran polymers. Henrissat B, Callebaut I, Fabrega S, Lehn P, Mornon JP, ...
... is an anamorph species of the genus Penicillium which produces dextranase, miniolin A, miniolin B and ... Li X, Millson SH, Coker RD, Evans IH (December 2006). "Cloning and expression of Penicillium minioluteum dextranase in ... Larsson AM, Andersson R, Ståhlberg J, Kenne L, Jones TA (September 2003). "Dextranase from Penicillium minioluteum: reaction ... Larsson AM, Ståhlberg J, Jones TA (2002). "Preparation and crystallization of selenomethionyl dextranase from Penicillium ...
66 includes enzymes with cycloisomaltooligosaccharide glucanotransferase EC 2.4.1.248 and dextranase EC 3.2.1.11 activities. ... "Sequence analysis of the Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt dexA gene encoding extracellular dextranase". Microbiol Immunol. 39 (11 ...
Staat RH, Gawronski TH, Schachtele CF (1973). "Detection and preliminary studies on dextranase-producing microorganisms from ...
The PBF (plaque biofilm) product line contained additional enzymes, such as mutanase, dextranase, lysozyme, lactoperoxidase, ...
... strains produce numerous enzymes such as pectinases (in food sources), dextranase, lipases, cellulases, ...
... dextranase, lipolytic, pectinolytic, amylolytic, chitinolytic, and proteolytic enzymes. The production of such compounds can be ...
... dextrin dextranase EC 2.4.1.3: deleted, included in EC 2.4.1.25 EC 2.4.1.4: amylosucrase EC 2.4.1.5: dextransucrase EC 2.4.1.6 ...
... dextranase MeSH D08.811.277.450.329 - disaccharidases MeSH D08.811.277.450.329.738 - sucrase MeSH D08.811.277.450.329.738.700 ...
... dextranase, telomestatin and actinomycin C. List of Streptomyces species LPSN bacterio.net Straininfo of Streptomyces anulatus ...
... dextranase EC 3.2.1.12: Now included with EC 3.2.1.54, cyclomaltodextrinase EC 3.2.1.13: Now included with EC 3.2.1.54, ...
Dextranase (EC 3.2.1.11, dextran hydrolase, endodextranase, dextranase DL 2, DL 2, endo-dextranase, α-D-1,6-glucan-6- ... Dextranase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology v t e (CS1 errors: ... "A bacterial dextranase". Biochem. J. 72 (1): 49-54. doi:10.1042/bj0720049. PMC 1196879. PMID 13651134. Deuel, H.; Stutz, E. ( ...
2005-2021 Solarbio all rights reserved. ICP Filing Certificate No:京ICP备12051307号-7 ...
The food enzyme dextranase (6‐α‐d‐glucan 6‐glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.11) is produced with the non‐genetically modified ... The food enzyme dextranase (6‐α‐d‐glucan 6‐glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.11) is produced with the non‐genetically modified ... Safety evaluation of the food enzyme dextranase from the Collariella gracilis strain AE‐DX. ...
pneumoniae by dextranase, lactoferrin, and lysozyme - (Peer Reviewed Journal) Sheffield, C.L., Crippen, T.L., Poole, T.L., ...
1,6-α-d-Glucan 6-glucanohydrolase Dextranase Plus L. Dextranase from Chaetomium erraticum. 50 mL. 85.50. ...
In-situ surface plasmon resonance analysis of dextran monolayer degradation by dextranase Langmuir. 13, 7115-7120 ...
1.B Evaluation of oxidizing agents and dextranase enzyme to control microbial growth and dextran levels in sugarcane juice. 1.C ...
Effective production of glycosyl-steviosides by α-1, 6 transglucosylation of dextrin dextranase. K Yamamoto, K Yoshikawa, S ...
... when dextranase is used in the sugar factory, modifications are required to normal factory operating conditions in order to ... gracile dextranase as the bench mark. In addition, detailed studies on the C. gracile dextranase were performed to determine ... Currently, when dextranase is used in the sugar factory, modifications are required to normal factory operating conditions in ... The dextranase was separated into five distinct components by electrophoresis of the native enzyme. However, each of these ...
A novel intracellular dextranase derived from Paenibacillus sp. 598K with an ability to degrade cycloisomaltooligosaccharides. ...
Decomposition and removal of dental model plaque by using toothpaste containing dextranase」 ...
endo-1,6-α-Glucanase (Dextranase) Esterase Fructanase β-Fructosidase α-Fucosidase ...
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3-D Life Dextranase. D10-1 Cellendes 500 µl. EUR 63.6 Gilson 170 D.A.D. Long Life Lamp. ...
Dextranase inhibitor (Dei) is one of them. A phenotypic dextranase-deficient iDex; mutant (UAB108) of Streptococcus sobrinus ... Dextranase inhibitor (Dei) is one of them. A phenotypic dextranase-deficient iDex; mutant (UAB108) of Streptococcus sobrinus ... Dextranase inhibitor (Dei) is one of them. A phenotypic dextranase-deficient iDex; mutant (UAB108) of Streptococcus sobrinus ... Dextranase inhibitor (Dei) is one of them. A phenotypic dextranase-deficient iDex; mutant (UAB108) of Streptococcus sobrinus ...
Dextranase Enzyme And Its Uses In The Sugar Industry. by [email protected] , Oct 28, 2020 , Sugar Processing Enzymes ... What Is Dextranase Enzyme? Dextran is a collective name assigned to a broad class of homopolysaccharides consisting of D- ...
Dextranase. Directions: Add 4 pumps per approx. 1 qt. (4 cups) of drinking water for first 2 weeks of use. Thereafter, reduce ...
Dextranase. *可持续发展 ∨. * 新闻资讯 ∨ *企业新闻 ...
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... dextranase, cellulase can help to decompose non-starch polysaccharide etc. in plant feed Substance improves efficiency of feed ...
... dextranase (dex) [24]; heat shock protein (groESL) [25, 26]; RNA subunit of endoribonuclease P (rnpB) [27]; the elongation ...
Funciton: Dextranase (EC 3.2.1.11) Locus tag: BACUNI_01947. Name: gaa. Funciton: Glucan 1,3-alpha-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.84) ...
... starkeyi dextranase 2. ScTEF = S. cerevisiae translation elongation factor 1 promoter. ScCYC1 = S. cerevisiae cytochrome b-c1 ...
A. Dextranase and soluble dextran. B. Insoluble dextran and glycosyl transferase. C. Soluble dextran and glycosyl transferase. ...
A. Dextranase and soluble dextran. B. Insoluble dextran and glycosyl transferase. C. Soluble dextran and glycosyl transferase. ...
BL Dextranase Enzymes. Minimum Order Quantity : 25. Price : 1200 INR/Kilograms. Send Inquiry ...
What dextranase Serial Key are these "bios" files? These "BIOS" files allow M.A.M.E. to emulate various types of gaming ...
... it yielded more dextranase. The molecular weight of the dextranase was approximately 110 kDa. The maximum enzyme activity was ... The Marine Catenovulum agarivorans MNH15 and Dextranase: Removing Dental Plaque. Lai, Xiaohua; Liu, Xin; Liu, Xueqin; Deng, ... Dextranase can specifically hydrolyze É -1,6-glycosidic linkages in dextran. It is commonly used in the sugar industry, in the ... The recombinant dextranase named Cadex2870 contained a 2511 bp intact open reading frame and encoded 836 amino acids. The ...
  • Dextranase (EC 3.2.1.11, dextran hydrolase, endodextranase, dextranase DL 2, DL 2, endo-dextranase, α-D-1,6-glucan-6-glucanohydrolase, 1,6-α-D-glucan 6-glucanohydrolase) is an enzyme with systematic name 6-α-D-glucan 6-glucanohydrolase. (wikipedia.org)
  • The food enzyme dextranase (6‐α‐d‐glucan 6‐glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.11) is produced with the non‐genetically modified Collariella gracilis strain AE‐DX by Amano Enzyme Inc. The food enzyme is considered free from viable cells of the production organism. (noaelproject.it)
  • 1.B Evaluation of oxidizing agents and dextranase enzyme to control microbial growth and dextran levels in sugarcane juice. (usda.gov)
  • In addition, detailed studies on the C. gracile dextranase were performed to determine the physico-chemical characteristics of the enzyme(s) in the commercial preparation. (dissertation.com)
  • The dextranase was separated into five distinct components by electrophoresis of the native enzyme. (dissertation.com)
  • The MD2 Enzyme System is made up of two Enzymes - Mutanase + Dextranase. (hardypaw.com)
  • While working on ways to control dextran formation, Kim and Day ( 4 ) developed a mutant microorganism that synthesizes dextranase, the enzyme that breaks down dextran. (acs.org)
  • The Advanced Formula ZYMOX PLUS Otic features the patented LP3 Enzyme System and the addition of the Biofilm Reducing Complex, which is comprised of four antibiofilm enzymes: mutanase, dextranase, cellulase and beta glucanase. (zymox.com)
  • Dextranase is an enzyme which catalyzes the endohydrolysis of α-1,6 glucosidic linkages in dextran resulting in damage to the biofim. (zymox.com)
  • They have patented a process that uses a dextran-producing organism along with a dextranase-producing organism ( 5 ). (acs.org)
  • Several assays to measure micro-quantities of dextranase activity were developed or modified to assess the thermal stability of the enzymes. (dissertation.com)
  • Existing culture collections, thermal environments and sites within raw sugar factories were used as the sources of microbial isolates screened for thermostable dextranase producers. (dissertation.com)
  • However, compared to fungal isolates, the amount of dextranase produced by the bacterial isolates was low. (dissertation.com)
  • DEXTRANASE 2F is an Enzyme that is widely used in the sugar industry, especially if the temperature increases after a frost period and frozen sugar beets thaw again. (marubeni.com)
  • The MKFC DEXTRANASE 2F Enzyme is prepared from a culture of Chaetomium Gracile. (marubeni.com)
  • Contains the patented LP3 Enzyme System, the most complete, natural multi-complex enzyme system available to eliminate odor-causing bacteria PLUS the MD2 mutanase and dextranase enzyme system to inhibit plaque formation. (holisticpetcuisine.com)
  • Under the influence of the dextranase enzyme released by staphylococcus, the gel decomposes with local antibiotic release, which provides local protection against bacterial attack. (publichealthtoxicology.com)
  • Global Dextranase Market research and analysis report 2021 focus on rising market drift to assist businesses to find market opportunities and develop effective ways to optimize their market positions. (ozcarguide.com)
  • The report contains complete coverage, intensive analysis, and actionable Global Dextranase market insights to spot opportunities in existing and potential markets. (ozcarguide.com)
  • The Dextranase Market report is made up of an in-depth analysis of the current state of the global market trends and the factors that will be responsible for the progressive future, the report also provides a comprehensive analysis of the Dextranase market by types, applications, players and regions. (ozcarguide.com)
  • Particular high-level analysis of Dextranase market like value chain analysis, SWOT analysis, and current market attractive evaluation to cover most of the circumstances impacting this Dextranase market is additionally covered inside this report. (ozcarguide.com)
  • Portfolio analysis will help to know exactly the item combination of foremost businesses at the Dextranase trade. (ozcarguide.com)
  • 1. The report includes analysis of this Dextranase industry arrangement together side forecast of the sections and sub-segments of this market. (ozcarguide.com)
  • 2. Insights about factors to analyze the Dextranase market-based on several different facets - price analysis, supply chain analysis, porter five induce, etc. (ozcarguide.com)
  • 4. Even the market report analyzes this market nation-level analysis to prospective and the global Dextranase market size. (ozcarguide.com)
  • 5. Covering Dextranase market country-level analysis for the various segment. (ozcarguide.com)
  • It provides current and future trends are outlined to determine the overall attractiveness and to single out profitable trends to pick up a stronger foothold in the Dextranase industry. (ozcarguide.com)
  • 6. Strategic comprehensively assessing their Dextranase core abilities, profiling of important players on the current market, and drawing on a more landscape for the market. (ozcarguide.com)
  • Recombinant production of dextranase for use in the sugar industry (2016 to 2019). (cebib-chile.com)