The Drosophila kismet gene is related to chromatin-remodeling factors and is required for both segmentation and segment identity. (1/15406)

The Drosophila kismet gene was identified in a screen for dominant suppressors of Polycomb, a repressor of homeotic genes. Here we show that kismet mutations suppress the Polycomb mutant phenotype by blocking the ectopic transcription of homeotic genes. Loss of zygotic kismet function causes homeotic transformations similar to those associated with loss-of-function mutations in the homeotic genes Sex combs reduced and Abdominal-B. kismet is also required for proper larval body segmentation. Loss of maternal kismet function causes segmentation defects similar to those caused by mutations in the pair-rule gene even-skipped. The kismet gene encodes several large nuclear proteins that are ubiquitously expressed along the anterior-posterior axis. The Kismet proteins contain a domain conserved in the trithorax group protein Brahma and related chromatin-remodeling factors, providing further evidence that alterations in chromatin structure are required to maintain the spatially restricted patterns of homeotic gene transcription.  (+info)

A Drosophila doublesex-related gene, terra, is involved in somitogenesis in vertebrates. (2/15406)

The Drosophila doublesex (dsx) gene encodes a transcription factor that mediates sex determination. We describe the characterization of a novel zebrafish zinc-finger gene, terra, which contains a DNA binding domain similar to that of the Drosophila dsx gene. However, unlike dsx, terra is transiently expressed in the presomitic mesoderm and newly formed somites. Expression of terra in presomitic mesoderm is restricted to cells that lack expression of MyoD. In vivo, terra expression is reduced by hedgehog but enhanced by BMP signals. Overexpression of terra induces rapid apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that a tight regulation of terra expression is required during embryogenesis. Terra has both human and mouse homologs and is specifically expressed in mouse somites. Taken together, our findings suggest that terra is a highly conserved protein that plays specific roles in early somitogenesis of vertebrates.  (+info)

Telomerase reverse transcriptase gene is a direct target of c-Myc but is not functionally equivalent in cellular transformation. (3/15406)

The telomerase reverse transcriptase component (TERT) is not expressed in most primary somatic human cells and tissues, but is upregulated in the majority of immortalized cell lines and tumors. Here, we identify the c-Myc transcription factor as a direct mediator of telomerase activation in primary human fibroblasts through its ability to specifically induce TERT gene expression. Through the use of a hormone inducible form of c-Myc (c-Myc-ER), we demonstrate that Myc-induced activation of the hTERT promoter requires an evolutionarily conserved E-box and that c-Myc-ER-induced accumulation of hTERT mRNA takes place in the absence of de novo protein synthesis. These findings demonstrate that the TERT gene is a direct transcriptional target of c-Myc. Since telomerase activation frequently correlates with immortalization and telomerase functions to stabilize telomers in cycling cells, we tested whether Myc-induced activation of TERT gene expression represents an important mechanism through which c-Myc acts to immortalize cells. Employing the rat embryo fibroblast cooperation assay, we show that TERT is unable to substitute for c-Myc in the transformation of primary rodent fibroblasts, suggesting that the transforming activities of Myc extend beyond its ability to activate TERT gene expression and hence telomerase activity.  (+info)

Molecular phylogeny of the ETS gene family. (4/15406)

We have constructed a molecular phylogeny of the ETS gene family. By distance and parsimony analysis of the ETS conserved domains we show that the family containing so far 29 different genes in vertebrates can be divided into 13 groups of genes namely ETS, ER71, GABP, PEA3, ERG, ERF, ELK, DETS4, ELF, ESE, TEL, YAN, SPI. Since the three dimensional structure of the ETS domain has revealed a similarity with the winged-helix-turn-helix proteins, we used two of them (CAP and HSF) to root the tree. This allowed us to show that the family can be divided into five subfamilies: ETS, DETS4, ELF, TEL and SPI. The ETS subfamily comprises the ETS, ER71, GABP, PEA3, ERG, ERF and the ELK groups which appear more related to each other than to any other ETS family members. The fact that some members of these subfamilies were identified in early metazoans such as diploblasts and sponges suggests that the diversification of ETS family genes predates the diversification of metazoans. By the combined analysis of both the ETS and the PNT domains, which are conserved in some members of the family, we showed that the GABP group, and not the ERG group, is the one most closely related to the ETS group. We also observed that the speed of accumulation of mutations in the various genes of the family is highly variable. Noticeably, paralogous members of the ELK group exhibit strikingly different evolutionary speed suggesting that the evolutionary pressure they support is very different.  (+info)

A single membrane-embedded negative charge is critical for recognizing positively charged drugs by the Escherichia coli multidrug resistance protein MdfA. (5/15406)

The nature of the broad substrate specificity phenomenon, as manifested by multidrug resistance proteins, is not yet understood. In the Escherichia coli multidrug transporter, MdfA, the hydrophobicity profile and PhoA fusion analysis have so far identified only one membrane-embedded charged amino acid residue (E26). In order to determine whether this negatively charged residue may play a role in multidrug recognition, we evaluated the expression and function of MdfA constructs mutated at this position. Replacing E26 with the positively charged residue lysine abolished the multidrug resistance activity against positively charged drugs, but retained chloramphenicol efflux and resistance. In contrast, when the negative charge was preserved in a mutant with aspartate instead of E26, chloramphenicol recognition and transport were drastically inhibited; however, the mutant exhibited almost wild-type multidrug resistance activity against lipophilic cations. These results suggest that although the negative charge at position 26 is not essential for active transport, it dictates the multidrug resistance character of MdfA. We show that such a negative charge is also found in other drug resistance transporters, and its possible significance regarding multidrug resistance is discussed.  (+info)

A novel genetic screen for snRNP assembly factors in yeast identifies a conserved protein, Sad1p, also required for pre-mRNA splicing. (6/15406)

The assembly pathway of spliceosomal snRNPs in yeast is poorly understood. We devised a screen to identify mutations blocking the assembly of newly synthesized U4 snRNA into a functional snRNP. Fifteen mutant strains failing either to accumulate the newly synthesized U4 snRNA or to assemble a U4/U6 particle were identified and categorized into 13 complementation groups. Thirteen previously identified splicing-defective prp mutants were also assayed for U4 snRNP assembly defects. Mutations in the U4/U6 snRNP components Prp3p, Prp4p, and Prp24p led to disassembly of the U4/U6 snRNP particle and degradation of the U6 snRNA, while prp17-1 and prp19-1 strains accumulated free U4 and U6 snRNA. A detailed analysis of a newly identified mutant, the sad1-1 mutant, is presented. In addition to having the snRNP assembly defect, the sad1-1 mutant is severely impaired in splicing at the restrictive temperature: the RP29 pre-mRNA strongly accumulates and splicing-dependent production of beta-galactosidase from reporter constructs is abolished, while extracts prepared from sad1-1 strains fail to splice pre-mRNA substrates in vitro. The sad1-1 mutant is the only splicing-defective mutant analyzed whose mutation preferentially affects assembly of newly synthesized U4 snRNA into the U4/U6 particle. SAD1 encodes a novel protein of 52 kDa which is essential for cell viability. Sad1p localizes to the nucleus and is not stably associated with any of the U snRNAs. Sad1p contains a putative zinc finger and is phylogenetically highly conserved, with homologues identified in human, Caenorhabditis elegans, Arabidospis, and Drosophila.  (+info)

The highly conserved beta-hairpin of the paired DNA-binding domain is required for assembly of Pax-Ets ternary complexes. (7/15406)

Pax family transcription factors bind DNA through the paired domain. This domain, which is comprised of two helix-turn-helix motifs and a beta-hairpin structure, is a target of mutations in congenital disorders of mice and humans. Previously, we showed that Pax-5 (B-cell-specific activator protein) recruits proteins of the Ets proto-oncogene family to bind a composite DNA site that is essential for efficient transcription of the early-B-cell-specific mb-1 promoter. Here, evidence is provided for specific interactions between Ets-1 and the amino-terminal subdomains of Pax proteins. By tethering deletion fragments of Pax-5 to a heterologous DNA-binding domain, we show that 73 amino acids (amino acids 12 to 84) of its amino-terminal subdomain can recruit the ETS domain of Ets-1 to bind the composite site. Furthermore, an amino acid (Gln22) within the highly conserved beta-hairpin motif of Pax-5 is essential for efficient recruitment of Ets-1. The ability to recruit Ets proteins to bind DNA is a shared property of Pax proteins, as demonstrated by cooperative DNA binding of Ets-1 with sequences derived from the paired domains of Pax-2 and Pax-3. The strict conservation of sequences required for recruitment of Ets proteins suggests that Pax-Ets interactions are important for regulating transcription in diverse tissues during cellular differentiation.  (+info)

Analysis of a ubiquitous promoter element in a primitive eukaryote: early evolution of the initiator element. (8/15406)

Typical metazoan core promoter elements, such as TATA boxes and Inr motifs, have yet to be identified in early-evolving eukaryotes, underscoring the extensive divergence of these organisms. Towards the identification of core promoters in protists, we have studied transcription of protein-encoding genes in one of the earliest-diverging lineages of Eukaryota, that represented by the parasitic protist Trichomonas vaginalis. A highly conserved element, comprised of a motif similar to a metazoan initiator (Inr) element, surrounds the start site of transcription in all examined T. vaginalis genes. In contrast, a metazoan-like TATA element appears to be absent in trichomonad promoters. We demonstrate that the conserved motif found in T. vaginalis protein-encoding genes is an Inr promoter element. This trichomonad Inr is essential for transcription, responsible for accurate start site selection, and interchangeable between genes, demonstrating its role as a core promoter element. The sequence requirements of the trichomonad Inr are similar to metazoan Inrs and can be replaced by a mammalian Inr. These studies show that the Inr is a ubiquitous, core promoter element for protein-encoding genes in an early-evolving eukaryote. Functional and structural similarities between this protist Inr and the metazoan Inr strongly indicate that the Inr promoter element evolved early in eukaryotic evolution.  (+info)

Sequences may also recombine or be deleted due to chromosomal rearrangements. Conserved sequences are sequences which persist ... In coding sequences, the nucleic acid and amino acid sequence may be conserved to different extents, as the degeneracy of the ... Conserved sequences with a known function, such as protein domains, can also be used to predict the function of a sequence. ... Amino acid sequences can be conserved to maintain the structure or function of a protein or domain. Conserved proteins undergo ...
A conserved non-coding sequence (CNS) is a DNA sequence of noncoding DNA that is evolutionarily conserved. These sequences are ... Conserved non-coding sequences can be important sites of evolutionary divergence as mutations in these regions may alter the ... Jan 2005). "Plant conserved non-coding sequences and paralogue evolution". Trends in Genetics. 21 (1): 60-65. doi:10.1016/j.tig ... Intron sequences may be conserved, often because they contain expression regulating elements that put functional constraints on ...
Conserved signature inserts and deletions (CSIs) in protein sequences provide an important category of molecular markers for ... "Conserved Inserts and Deletions in Protein Sequences". Bacterial Phylogeny. Gupta RS. Retrieved 2 April 2012. Gupta, Radhey S ... Naushad, Hafiz Sohail; Gupta, Radhey S. (2011). "Molecular signatures (conserved indels) in protein sequences that are specific ... "Evolutionary placement of Xanthomonadales based on conserved protein signature sequences". Molecular Phylogenetics and ...
Conserved sequence Ott, Alban; Idali Anouar; Marchais Antonin; Gautheret Daniel (Jan 2012). "NAPP: the Nucleic Acid ... The Nucleic acid phylogenetic profiling (NAPP) is a database of coding and non-coding sequences according to their pattern of ...
A highly conserved sequence (. . .PRCGXPD. . .) is present in the propeptide. Removal of the propeptide by proteolysis results ... The hemopexin-like domain of MMPs is highly conserved and shows sequence similarity to the plasma protein, hemopexin. The ... Most members of the MMP family are organized into three basic, distinctive, and well-conserved domains based on structural ... the three histidine residues that coordinate with the catalytic zinc are conserved among all the MMPs. Little is known about ...
January 2005). "Highly conserved non-coding sequences are associated with vertebrate development". PLOS Biology. 3 (1): e7. doi ... An ultra-conserved element (UCE) was originally defined as a genome segment longer than 200 base pairs (bp) that is absolutely ... Similarly, the same sequences in the fugu genome have 68% identity to human UCEs, despite the human genome only reliably ... Ultra-conserved elements are not exempt from mutations, as exemplified by the presence of 29,983 polymorphisms in the UCE ...
This sequence is conserved among species. Human CNGB1 features a C-terminal RVxP motif at amino acids 821-824 which if mutated ... Human FAM154A has a ciliary localization sequence. Tetrahymena GEF1 has a ciliary localization sequence and mutating it causes ... Mutating this sequence in mice knocked out for PKD1 causes PKD2 to accumulate at the foot of the cilia. Other proteins ... Human PDGFRA has a RVxP sequence and may localize to cilia thanks to it. Human PKD2 trafficking into cilia has been found in ...
LepA has a highly conserved sequence. LepA orthologs have been found in bacteria and almost all eukaryotes. The conservation in ... The amino acid sequence of LepA indicates that it is a G protein, which consists of five known domains. The first four domains ... However, Domain IV of EF-G has been shown through several studies to occupy the decoding sequence of the A site after the tRNAs ... March PE, Inouye M (November 1985). "GTP-binding membrane protein of Escherichia coli with sequence homology to initiation ...
It has a GC content of 47%. Each segment has conserved terminal sequences. The 3' end sequence (UCAUC-3') is the same as ... Although not entirely conserved, the active regions of (λ2) exhibit fidelity to MRV and ARV sequences, suggesting λ2 is the ... Comparison with PRV-1 showed a 72.9% similarity in nucleotide sequence and 80.0% amino acid sequence similarity. PVR-2 has only ... Comparison with PRV-1 showed a 73.4% and 80.3% similarity in nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence, respectively. As a ...
... of amino acid sequence conserved) and STIM2 (31% identical; 46% of amino acid sequence conserved). Unicellular eukaryotes such ... Their N-terminal regions share 66% similarity over 577 aas (85% of the amino acid sequence of STIM1). Only the extreme of the C ... It shows a significant sequence divergence between both isoforms and in STIM1, the C-terminal region is essential for the ... Ercan E, Momburg F, Engel U, Temmerman K, Nickel W, Seedorf M (December 2009). "A conserved, lipid-mediated sorting mechanism ...
This sequence is conserved in eukaryotes. C1orf94 is a Protein tissue co-expression partner for RBBP8NL. the isoelectric point ... "SAPS < Sequence Statistics < EMBL-EBI". www.ebi.ac.uk. Retrieved 2020-05-01. "PEST sequence", Wikipedia, 2020-04-15, retrieved ... This sequence is associated with proteins that have a short intracellular half-life. C1orf94 goes through Palmitoylation, ... Proline is the most abundant amino acid in the protein sequence (11.7%) then followed closely by Leucine (10.4%). Seven PEST ...
The 5' terminal sequences are not conserved between RNA transmissions, but all of the 5' termini fold into conserved stem-loop ... The RdRp encoded has five conserved motifs (A-E). The SDD sequence which is a characteristic sequence for segmented negative ... The 3' terminal of all three RNAs are identical and conserved. The conserved nucleotide sequence is 'AAUAUC'. Ophiovirdae have ... B1MaV has nuclear localization signals within its protein sequences. These amino acid sequences tag the protein for import into ...
The conserved sequence motif 'AUACAAnACCC' was boxed. The phylogenetic tree of sRNA-Xcc1 homologs based on multiple alignments ...
Its sequence is highly conserved between strains. While viral attachment appears to involve both F and G proteins, F fusion ...
These domains are highly conserved monomeric sequences. The second group consists of only the Caenorhabditis elegans protein ... Thorough analysis of the TOG3 domain in zyg-9 provides a basic understanding of this domain that is conserved throughout all ... The XMAP215/Dis1 family is a highly conserved group of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) in eukaryotic organisms. These ... Cullen, C. Fiona; Peter Deák; David Glover; Hiroyuki Ohkura (September 1999). "A Gene Encoding a Conserved Microtubule- ...
Homologous sequence regions are also called conserved. This is not to be confused with conservation in amino acid sequences, ... Sequence homology is the biological homology between DNA, RNA, or protein sequences, defined in terms of shared ancestry in the ... Homologous sequences are orthologous if they are inferred to be descended from the same ancestral sequence separated by a ... Alignments of multiple sequences are used to indicate which regions of each sequence are homologous. The term "percent homology ...
... these regions within the sequence are conserved. Richards, Oliver C.; Ehrenfeld, Ellie (12 September 1997). "One of Two NTP ... Both binding sites contain lysine residues; however, only the lysine at position 61 is essential for RNA sequence elongation as ... has been used to find the key portions within the amino acid sequences that majorly characterize a particular NTP binding site ...
There are two classes of aminoacyl tRNA synthetase, each composed of ten enzymes: Class I has two highly conserved sequence ... Class II has three highly conserved sequence motifs. It aminoacylates at the 3'-OH of a terminal adenosine on tRNA, and is ... For instance, one can start with the gene for a protein that binds a certain sequence of DNA, and, by directing an unnatural ... This new domain's functionality is conserved from that point on. As genetic efficiency evolved in higher organisms, 13 new ...
... a Robust Tool for Conserved Sequence Identification". Bioinformatics. 21 (24): 4420-4422. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bti719. ... Numerous short DNA capture sequences were designed, and used to both type and subtype influenza A viruses by taking advantage ... Dawson, Erica D.; Rowlen, Kathy L. (February 2010). FluChip: Robust Sequence Selection Method for a Diagnostic Influenza ... "Robust Sequence Selection Method Used To Develop the FluChip Diagnostic Microarray for Influenza Virus". Journal of Clinical ...
The MADS box is a conserved sequence motif. The genes which contain this motif are called the MADS-box gene family. The MADS ... At the N terminal end is the highly conserved MADS DNA binding domain. Next to the MADS domain is the moderately conserved ... The MADS domain binds to DNA sequences of high similarity to the motif CC[A/T]6GG termed the CArG-box. MADS-domain proteins are ... There is evidence that the MADS domain evolved from a sequence stretch of a type II topoisomerase in a common ancestor of all ...
"Identification and characterization of multi-species conserved sequences". Genome Research. 13 (12): 2507-18. doi:10.1101/gr. ... His research focuses on developing new algorithms for the detection of functional regions in DNA sequences. Blanchette studied ... His research focuses on developing computational methods for detecting functional regions in DNA sequences. His postdoctoral ... 2003). "Comparative analyses of multi-species sequences from targeted genomic regions". Nature. 424 (6950): 788-93. Bibcode: ...
The repeat sequences are conserved across mammal orthologs. The conservation of each individual amino acid can be observed in ... The protein sequence also contains a repeat sequence, the three continuous repeat sequences are located from amino acid ... It was noted that the amino acid sequence contained high levels of cysteine relative to other human protein sequences. Skin- ... The most highly conserved amino acids across mammals and amphibians with available sequences are Pro61, Pro73, Pro126, Pro182, ...
The sequence across these species are highly conserved. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000197982 - Ensembl, May 2017 "Human ...
This sequence is conserved across all bacterial species. The holoenzyme is composed of a specific component known as the sigma ... Specific DNA nucleotide sequences signal the RNA polymerase to stop. The sequence is commonly a palindromic sequence that ... These short sequences are nonfunctional pieces of RNA that are produced and then released. Generally, this nucleotide sequence ... The σ-factor recognizes promoter sequences at -35 and -10 regions and transcription begins at the start site (+1). The sequence ...
The sequence of GVPa is extremely well conserved. GvpJ and gvpM, two proteins encoded in the cluster of genes required for gas ...
CDD defines conserved domains as recurring units in molecular evolution, the extents of which can be determined by sequence and ... The Conserved Domain Database (CDD) is a database of well-annotated multiple sequence alignment models and derived database ... CDD provides annotation of domain footprints and conserved functional sites on protein sequences. Precalculated domain ... 3-dimensional structures and conserved core motifs, conserved features/sites, phylogenetic organization, links to electronic ...
The highly conserved chimpanzee sequences were searched against the human genome using BLAT to identify conserved regions not ... Chimpanzee sequences highly conserved in other species were then identified by pairwise alignment of chimpanzee with macaque, ... hCONDELs, on average, remove about 95 base pairs (bp) of highly conserved sequences from the human genome. The median size of ... The mechanisms and time of occurrence of hCONDELs are not entirely understood but given that conserved non-coding sequences ...
... 's amino acid sequence is highly evolutionarily conserved. Even distantly related species have extremely similar ... They are dually regulated by the cluster promoter sequences and their specific promoter sequences. Histone code Nucleosome ... All variants of histone H2B contain the same number of amino acids, and the variations in sequence are few in number. Only two ... histone H2B genes share a promoter region with sequences that code for histone H2A. While all genes in the histone cluster are ...
It carries a highly characteristic conserved FLKF sequence motif. Fujita N, Itoh T, Omori H, Fukuda M, Noda T, Yoshimori T (May ...
Proteins have two conserved sequence motifs: PPTCYSR and DDC. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000170891 - Ensembl, May 2017 ...
Sequences may also recombine or be deleted due to chromosomal rearrangements. Conserved sequences are sequences which persist ... In coding sequences, the nucleic acid and amino acid sequence may be conserved to different extents, as the degeneracy of the ... Conserved sequences with a known function, such as protein domains, can also be used to predict the function of a sequence. ... Amino acid sequences can be conserved to maintain the structure or function of a protein or domain. Conserved proteins undergo ...
... J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 25;281( ... This triple-stranded structure is called the D-loop and encompasses the conserved sequence box II, a DNA element required for ... We here use a purified recombinant mitochondrial transcription system and demonstrate that conserved sequence box II is a ... sequence-dependent transcription termination element in vitro. Transcription from the light strand promoter is prematurely ...
... Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 29;9(1 ...
The systematic identification of conserved developmental regulatory elements has made it possible to study the impact of human- ... conserved noncoding sequences (HACNSs). A. HACNSs show a statistically significant excess of human-specific sequence changes ( ... for assessing the significance of human-specific sequence acceleration in conserved noncoding sequences (CNSs). In our approach ... Using this approach, we identified 992 conserved noncoding sequences that are evolving rapidly on the human lineage (Fig. 1B ...
To conserve sequence number space, especially with extended ipc_mni, + * the sequence number is incremented only when the ... To address this issue, we need to conserve the sequence number space as much as possible. Right now, the sequence number is ... Conserve sequence numbers in ipcmni_extend mode Rewrite, based on the patch from Waiman Long: The mixing in of a sequence ... Conserve sequence numbers in ipcmni_extend mode Waiman Long 2019-03-16 18:52 ` Manfred Spraul [this message] 2019-03-18 18:57 ...
A known set of conserved sequences is represented by a cocnsensus sequence. Amino acid motifs are often composed of conserved ... A sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide or of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is similar across multiple species. ...
We tested 167 of these extremely conserved sequences in a transgenic mouse enhancer assay. Here we report that 45% of these ... We identified sequence signatures enriched in a subset of these elements that targeted forebrain expression, and used these ... In this study, we made use of extreme evolutionary sequence conservation as a filter to identify putative gene regulatory ... The testing of the top predictions in transgenic mice resulted in a threefold enrichment for sequences with forebrain enhancer ...
... in the largest biology dictionary online. Free learning resources for students covering all major areas of ... Conserved sequence. Conserved sequence (Science: molecular biology) a base sequence in a dna molecule (or an amino acid ... Conserved sequence. (Science: molecular biology) a base sequence in a dna molecule (or an amino acid sequence in a protein) ... sequence in a protein) that has remained essentially unchanged throughout evolution.... Read More ...
Distant conserved sequences flanking endothelial-specific promoters contain tissue-specific DNase-hypersensitive sites and over ... "Distant conserved sequences flanking endothelial-specific promoters contain tissue-specific DNase-hypersensitive sites and over ... Distant conserved sequences flanking endothelial-specific promoters contain tissue-specific DNase-hypersensitive sites and over ... "Distant conserved sequences flanking endothelial-specific promoters contain tissue-specific DNase-hypersensitive sites and over ...
UK Biobank Releases Whole-Genome Sequencing Data for All 500K Participants Premium ...
M1 sequences were ,94% conserved, while M2 sequences varied somewhat more. However, not all protective epitopes are known, and ... Epstein SL, Stack A, Misplon JA, Lo C-Y, Mostowski H, Bennink J, Vaccination with DNA encoding conserved influenza viral ... DNA Vaccine Expressing Conserved Influenza Virus Proteins Protective Against H5N1 Challenge Infection in Mice On This Page ... Comparing amino acid sequences in GenBank from viruses of five subtypes, NPs were ,90% identical, with considerable ...
A phylogenetically conserved sequence within viral 3untranslated RNA pseudoknots regulates translation.. Title. A ... A phylogenetically conserved sequence within viral 3untranslated RNA pseudoknots regulates translation.. ... phylogenetically conserved sequence within viral 3untranslated RNA pseudoknots regulates translation.. Publication Type. ...
... heterochromatic internal telomeric sequences) in the majority of the centromeres. Although the ITSs have been interpreted as ... Mitochondrial DNA sequences. The nucleotide sequence (1312 bp) (see Suppl. material 1. ) of the 16S rDNA of the specimen of ... Association between cytogenetic data and 16S rDNA sequences. The high similarity between the 16S rDNA sequence of Dendropsophus ... The sequences obtained from D. soaresi (1314 bp) and D. novaisi (1310 bp) (see Suppl. material 1. ) were 86.4% similar to each ...
B) Amino acid sequence alignments. In addition to Al-crus three and Al-crus 7, Al-crus 7, the sequences applied in this ... alignment had been from Penaeus vannamei (QOL09958, QOL09962), Panulirus japonicas the sequences made use of within this ... And conserved cysteine residues discovered inside the Crustins. ( ... B) Amino acid sequence alignments. In addition * And conserved ... B) Amino acid sequence alignments. In addition Recent Comments. *Whitneyjuddy on And conserved cysteine residues discovered ...
Much of this sequence can be localized to approximately 90,000 conserved noncoding sequences (CNSs) that show evidence of ... An atlas of over 90,000 conserved non-coding sequences yields detailed insight into crucifer regulatory regions. Haudry A, ... Here we report sequencing of genomes from three Brassicaceae species (Leavenworthia alabamica, Sisymbrium irio and Aethionema ... with nearly one-quarter of the sequence under selection lying outside of coding regions. ...
PACAP sequence is conserved in mammals. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a member of the vasoactive ... The amino acid sequence of PACAP is identical in all mammals, and in species such as chicken, frog, salmon, only 1-3 amino ... intestinal peptide/secretin/glucagon family, has an amino acid sequence identity of 68% with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ...
The conserved sequence motif contained a glutamlc acid residue in the CDR3 of TCR β. Analysis of TCR β sequences from antigen- ... The conserved sequence motif contained a glutamlc acid residue in the CDR3 of TCR β. Analysis of TCR β sequences from antigen- ... The conserved sequence motif contained a glutamlc acid residue in the CDR3 of TCR β. Analysis of TCR β sequences from antigen- ... The conserved sequence motif contained a glutamlc acid residue in the CDR3 of TCR β. Analysis of TCR β sequences from antigen- ...
Examples of sequence conservation analyses capture a subset of mouse long non-coding RNAs sharing homology with fish conserved ... Examples of sequence conservation analyses capture a subset of mouse long non-coding RNAs sharing homology with fish conserved ... Indeed, starting from ~2,800 mouse lncRNAs we could predict that between 4 and 11% present conserved sequence fragments in fish ... Indeed, starting from ~2,800 mouse lncRNAs we could predict that between 4 and 11% present conserved sequence fragments in fish ...
hA3-induced G-to-A mutation rates were significantly influenced by the wider sequence context of the target G. Moreover, hA3G, ... We similarly analyzed patient-derived hypermutated HIV-1 genomes using a new method for estimating reference sequences. The ... Conserved Footprints of APOBEC3G on Hypermutated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Human Endogenous Retrovirus HERV-K( ... Conserved Footprints of APOBEC3G on Hypermutated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Human Endogenous Retrovirus HERV-K( ...
Solution Structure of A Conserved Dna Sequence From the Hiv- 1 Genome: Restrained Molecular Dynamics Simulation with Distance ... A.Mujeeb, S.M.Kerwin, G.L.Kenyon, T.L.James. Solution Structure of A Conserved Dna Sequence From the Hiv-1 Genome: Restrained ... In total 24 binding sites of Phosphorus where determined in the Solution Structure of A Conserved Dna Sequence From the Hiv- 1 ... The binding sites of Phosphorus atom in the Solution Structure of A Conserved Dna Sequence From the Hiv- 1 Genome: Restrained ...
Mutations that disrupted secondary RNA structure or the AAACA/G motif, without altering the amino acid sequence of 3D(pol), ... However, a region of markedly suppressed synonymous codon variability was identified in alignments of HAV sequences near the 5 ... upstream of the HAV coding sequence in the replicon. These results suggest that this stem-loop is functionally similar to cre ... end of the 3D(pol)-coding sequence of HAV, consistent with noncoding constraints imposed by an underlying RNA secondary ...
hA3-induced G-to-A mutation rates were significantly influenced by the wider sequence context of the target G. Moreover, hA3G, ... We similarly analyzed patient-derived hypermutated HIV-1 genomes using a new method for estimating reference sequences. The ... Conserved Footprints of APOBEC3G on Hypermutated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Human Endogenous Retrovirus HERV-K( ... Conserved Footprints of APOBEC3G on Hypermutated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Human Endogenous Retrovirus HERV-K( ...
Our results show that nucleotides within the conserved 5 sequence are required for polyadenylation and support the hypothesis ... which is bound to conserved 5 sequences of vRNA, prevents read-through of the U track at which polyadenylation subsequently ... that polymerase binding to 5 sequences of the template is required for mRNA synthesis. ... Base Sequence, Conserved Sequence, Molecular Sequence Data, Orthomyxoviridae, RNA, Messenger, RNA, Viral, Templates, Genetic, ...
... of HGV/GBV-C with that of the upstream NS5B coding sequence. By investigation of free energies on folding, secondary structure ... NS5B region contained long stem-loop structures of up to 38 internally paired nucleotides which were evolutionarily conserved ... Evolutionarily conserved RNA secondary structures in coding and non-coding sequences at the 3′ end of the hepatitis G virus/GB- ... Evolutionarily conserved RNA secondary structures in coding and non-coding sequences at the 3′ end of the hepatitis G virus/GB- ...
Sequence of the human factor VIII-associated gene is conserved in mouse. In: Genomics. 1992 ; Vol. 13, No. 3. pp. 862-865. ... Sequence of the human factor VIII-associated gene is conserved in mouse. / Levinson, Barbara; Bermingham, John R.; Metzenberg, ... Dive into the research topics of Sequence of the human factor VIII-associated gene is conserved in mouse. Together they form ... title = "Sequence of the human factor VIII-associated gene is conserved in mouse", ...
T1 - Monoclonal anti-human aldolase C antibodies that react to the isozyme group-specific sequences and generally conserved ... title = "Monoclonal anti-human aldolase C antibodies that react to the isozyme group-specific sequences and generally conserved ... Monoclonal anti-human aldolase C antibodies that react to the isozyme group-specific sequences and generally conserved ... Monoclonal anti-human aldolase C antibodies that react to the isozyme group-specific sequences and generally conserved ...
Chromosome Conformation Capture Uncovers Potential Genome-Wide Interactions between Human Conserved Non-Coding Sequences. D. ... A systematic enhancer screen using lentivector transgenesis identifies conserved and non-conserved functional elements at the ... Integrated proteogenomic deep sequencing and analytics accurately identify non-canonical peptides in tumor immunopeptidomes. C ... KRAB zinc finger protein ZNF676 controls the transcriptional influence of LTR12-related endogenous retrovirus sequences. A. ...
... with the conserved sequence; Wo, without the conserved sequence; RI, reactivity index; nr, non-reactive. ... The conserved sequence between variants I-Wi and III-Wi (in pink, A,B) was eliminated in the Wo forms (D,E). NH+ and COO- ... The rest of sequences in gray represent conserved regions among the three molecules. The NH+ and COO- termini are in blue and ... Effect of elimination of conserved sequence of type I (A,B) or type III (A,C) peptides on reactivity of serum samples from ...
  • Each candidate enhancer sequence is PCR amplified from genomic DNA, cloned into an expression vector upstream of a minimal promoter driving expression of a reporter gene (e.g., lacZ) and the resulting construct injected into single cell mouse embryos. (yale.edu)
  • hA3-induced G-to-A mutation rates were significantly influenced by the wider sequence context of the target G. Moreover, hA3G, and to a lesser extent hA3F, displayed clear tetranucleotide preference hierarchies, irrespective of the genomic region examined and overall hypermutation rate. (ox.ac.uk)
  • A computational evaluation of the lncRNAs through systematic conservation analyses of both sequences as well as their genomic architecture is required.Results: Our results show that a subset of mouse candidate lncRNAs could be distinguished from random sequences based on their alignment with zebrafish phastCons elements. (sissa.it)
  • In summary, we show that interesting genomic regions in zebrafish could be marked based on their sequence homology to a mouse lncRNA, overlap with ESTs and proximity to genes involved in nervous system development.Conclusions: Conservation at the sequence level can identify a subset of putative lncRNA orthologs. (sissa.it)
  • Funding will support an innovative genomic sequencing project to better protect and conserve the Wood Bison population in Canada. (genomecanada.ca)
  • He thanked CDC and KTL for their support in providing accurate genomic sequencing results of polioviruses in a timely manner, as this greatly facilitated planning and targeting the polio eradication activities. (who.int)
  • Genetic analysis of patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency: genomic sequencing reveals otherwise undetectable mutations. (lu.se)
  • Furthermore, using sequence analysis of human genomic DNA, researchers concluded that the amino acids important for catalysis by COX-1 are conserved and are equally important for catalysis by COX-2. (medscape.com)
  • Much of this sequence can be localized to approximately 90,000 conserved noncoding sequences (CNSs) that show evidence of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. (plantcytogenomics.org)
  • Advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing and protein mass spectrometry has substantially increased the availability of protein sequences and whole genomes for comparison since the early 2000s. (wikipedia.org)
  • Alignment of HACNS4 to orthologous sequences from nonhuman genomes. (yale.edu)
  • Identifying the sequences that direct the spatial and temporal expression of genes and defining their function in vivo remains a significant challenge in the annotation of vertebrate genomes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We similarly analyzed patient-derived hypermutated HIV-1 genomes using a new method for estimating reference sequences. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Here we report sequencing of genomes from three Brassicaceae species ( Leavenworthia alabamica, Sisymbrium irio and Aethionema arabicum ) and their joint analysis with six previously sequenced crucifer genomes. (plantcytogenomics.org)
  • Indeed, starting from ~2,800 mouse lncRNAs we could predict that between 4 and 11% present conserved sequence fragments in fish genomes. (sissa.it)
  • We believe this study will result useful as a reference to analyze the conservation of lncRNAs in newly sequenced genomes and transcriptomes. (sissa.it)
  • Now researchers combing through the DNA sequences of vertebrate genomes have identified three distinct periods of evolutionary innovation that accompanied this remarkable diversification. (sciencedaily.com)
  • By comparing the genomes of species whose evolutionary lineages diverged at different times in the past, researchers can see when in evolutionary history a particular conserved sequence first appeared. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In particular, the NS5B region contained long stem-loop structures of up to 38 internally paired nucleotides which were evolutionarily conserved between human and chimpanzee HGV/GBV-C variants. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Sequence and expression pattern of an evolutionarily conserved transcript identified by gene trapping. (nih.gov)
  • In the absence of antigenically matched hemagglutinin-based vaccines, DNA vaccination with conserved influenza genes may provide a useful first line of defense against a rapidly spreading pandemic virus. (cdc.gov)
  • The reports on base sequences of spider silk protein genes have gained importance as the mechanical properties of silk fibers have been revealed. (bioone.org)
  • Conserved sequences outside of known genes are likely to be gene regulatory elements. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Because regulatory elements are typically located near the genes they govern, the researchers assigned each conserved element to the closest gene. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In the first period of evolutionary innovation, in addition to changes affecting developmental genes, the study found a dramatic enrichment in conserved elements near genes for proteins known as "transcription factors," which bind to DNA and regulate whole groups of other genes. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The DNA sequences for the genes encoding the heavy and light subunits of methanol dehydrogenase from Methylophilus methylotrophus W3A1 have been determined. (rcsb.org)
  • Current diagnostic PCR assays target a variety of SARS CoV-2 genes and the vast majority target sequences in regions of the SARS CoV-2 genome that are highly conserved. (who.int)
  • Whole genome sequencing can also provide insights into the specific genes or mutations that may be linked to antibiotic resistance. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • To this end, we have focused on identifying noncoding sequences highly conserved in nonhuman vertebrate species that display high rates of nucleotide substitution on the human lineage, which may indicate positive selection for new regulatory functions. (yale.edu)
  • A potentially homologous RNA structure was identified in this region of the avian encephalitis virus genome, despite little nucleotide sequence relatedness between it and HAV. (ox.ac.uk)
  • St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) has a relatively conserved nucleotide sequence. (medscape.com)
  • Illuminating enhancer transcription at nucleotide resolution with native elongating transcript sequencing (NET-Seq). (mpg.de)
  • We describe a general approach to rapidly obtain the DNA sequence encoding the variable region of any immunoglobulin chain using the polymerase chain reaction and a mixture of upstream primers corresponding to the leader sequence, and one downstream primer designed from the conserved nucleotide sequence of the constant region. (lu.se)
  • The extent to which a sequence is conserved can be affected by varying selection pressures, its robustness to mutation, population size and genetic drift. (wikipedia.org)
  • In coding sequences, the nucleic acid and amino acid sequence may be conserved to different extents, as the degeneracy of the genetic code means that synonymous mutations in a coding sequence do not affect the amino acid sequence of its protein product. (wikipedia.org)
  • First, human-specific developmental features, as elaborations on the common theme of mammalian development, are likely to arise in part from changes in the conserved genetic architecture of the developmental regulatory machinery. (yale.edu)
  • With the advent of next generation sequencing, our understanding of the genetic diversity of cellular and viral life has expanded exponentially. (lu.se)
  • Metagenomic sequencing engables a thorough mapping of the genetic material in the clinical sample, providing a broader understanding of the microbiological profile. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • In contrast to metagenomic detection of unknown pathogens which sequences all available genetic material, 16S sequencing specifically targets the small ribosomal subunit. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • By sequencing the entire genome, a comprehensive understanding of the genetic composition is obtained. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • In epidemiological contact tracing, this technology enables the mapping of infection spread and identification of sources of infection through the comparison of genetic sequences. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • To identify putative regulatory sequences evolving rapidly on the human lineage, we developed a test statistic (in collaboration with Shyam Prabhakar of the Genome Institute of Singapore) for assessing the significance of human-specific sequence acceleration in conserved noncoding sequences (CNSs). (yale.edu)
  • In our approach, sites within CNSs were binned based on their degree of sequence conservation in six nonhuman species: chimpanzee, rhesus macaque, mouse, rat, dog and chicken, and human-specific substitutions were identified by parsimony (Fig. 1A). (yale.edu)
  • A search for short sequence patterns revealed a number of motifs which are over-represented in EC-CNSs relative to CNSs from the control gene sets. (duke.edu)
  • In evolutionary biology, conserved sequences are identical or similar sequences in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) or proteins across species (orthologous sequences), or within a genome (paralogous sequences), or between donor and receptor taxa (xenologous sequences). (wikipedia.org)
  • HACNSs show a statistically significant excess of human-specific sequence changes (circled) at positions highly conserved in other species. (yale.edu)
  • A sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide or of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is similar across multiple species. (usda.gov)
  • Though the species of this group show a high degree of karyotypic similarity, D. soaresi was unique in presenting large blocks of het- ITSs (heterochromatic internal telomeric sequences) in the majority of the centromeres. (pensoft.net)
  • The amino acid sequence of PACAP is identical in all mammals , and in species such as chicken, frog, salmon, only 1-3 amino acids are different. (eurogentec.com)
  • The rainbow trout genome sequence is not available yet, which does not allow miRNA prediction for this species which is of great economic interest for aquaculture and sport fisheries, and is a model research organism for studies related to carcinogenesis, toxicology, comparative immunology, disease ecology, physiology and nutrition. (usda.gov)
  • The new study identified millions of these regulatory innovations by using computational methods to look for DNA sequences that are still the same in species that have evolved separately over long periods of time. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The BIG project will apply new genomics solutions to conserving a species of significant symbolic and cultural importance, particularly to many Indigenous and First Nations communities . (genomecanada.ca)
  • Sequencing of the approximately 250-bp-long ITS amplicons of the three MCC member species showed differences in 24 to 34 bases, thereby yielding variable deduced restriction maps. (cdc.gov)
  • ITS PCR-restriction analysis using the in silico-selected restriction enzyme MaeII or HphI differentiated the three MCC members from one another and from other RGM and SGM species without sequencing. (cdc.gov)
  • Sequence comparison between VDE from different species were made and particular interest was focused on four highly conserved histidines (H121,124,167,173) and their possible involvement in enzymatic activity. (lu.se)
  • 16S sequencing is performed to determine which bacterial species are present in a clinical sample or isolate. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • Conserved proteins undergo fewer amino acid replacements, or are more likely to substitute amino acids with similar biochemical properties. (wikipedia.org)
  • As with proteins, nucleic acids that are important for the structure and function of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) can also be conserved. (wikipedia.org)
  • A superfamily of proteins that share a highly conserved MADS domain sequence motif. (bvsalud.org)
  • Science: molecular biology) a base sequence in a dna molecule (or an amino acid sequence in a protein) that has remained essentially unchanged throughout evolution . (biologyonline.com)
  • Here we report that 45% of these sequences functioned reproducibly as tissue-specific enhancers of gene expression at embryonic day 11.5. (ox.ac.uk)
  • ChIP-seq identification of weakly conserved heart enhancers. (nature.com)
  • We now report that all TAChR-reactlve B6 T cell clones which responded to the dominant antigenlc epltope and expressed the dominant TCR V β 6 gene segment exhibited conservation of amlno acid sequence in the VDJ junctional region (CDR3) of the TCR β chain. (uthscsa.edu)
  • The conserved sequence motif contained a glutamlc acid residue in the CDR3 of TCR β. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Analysis of TCR β sequences from antigen-primed lymph node cells (LNC) showed a similar enrichment for sequences having a glutamlc acid in CDR3, although the overall appearance of the LNC sequences was somewhat more heterogeneous and consistent with a gradual In vitro selection of the subset of TCR found in the T cell clones. (uthscsa.edu)
  • In particular, the unusually conserved CDR3 sequence suggests that the conserved V β gene utilization seen previously is directly related to recognition of the immunodominant peptlde epltope in association with the experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravls-susceptlbllity determining MHC class II molecule I-A b . (uthscsa.edu)
  • The testing of the top predictions in transgenic mice resulted in a threefold enrichment for sequences with forebrain enhancer activity. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In this study, we aimed to validate archaeal primers suitable for high throughput next generation sequencing. (frontiersin.org)
  • Conserved sequences are sequences which persist in the genome despite such forces, and have slower rates of mutation than the background mutation rate. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most common mutation results in the replacement of the protein building block (amino acid) arginine with the amino acid tryptophan at position 88 in the septin-9 protein sequence, written as Arg88Trp or R88W. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Scan several protein sequences or a whole genome (all ORFs) against HAMAP family profiles. (expasy.org)
  • For contact tracing or inquiries related to antibiotic resistance, whole genome sequencing (WGS) of bacterial isolates is offered. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • It is a platform and database for the automated analysis of whole genome sequencing data. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • The study of sequence conservation overlaps with the fields of genomics, proteomics, evolutionary biology, phylogenetics, bioinformatics and mathematics. (wikipedia.org)
  • Over many generations, nucleic acid sequences in the genome of an evolutionary lineage can gradually change over time due to random mutations and deletions. (wikipedia.org)
  • The second, more practical consideration is that evolutionary conservation provides a means to interpret the statistical and ultimately biological importance of human-specific sequence changes. (yale.edu)
  • In this study, we made use of extreme evolutionary sequence conservation as a filter to identify putative gene regulatory elements, and characterized the in vivo enhancer activity of a large group of non-coding elements in the human genome that are conserved in human-pufferfish, Takifugu (Fugu) rubripes, or ultraconserved in human-mouse-rat. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This evolutionary comparison has helped to clarify the derived amino acid sequence in the human and strongly supports the hypothesis that the F8A gene encodes a protein. (wustl.edu)
  • Since protein structure is more conserved over evolutionary timescales than its amino acid sequence, reliable structure prediction by AlphaFold has revolutionised our ability to predict protein function. (lu.se)
  • Many functional sequences are also modular, containing regions which may be subject to independent selection pressures, such as protein domains. (wikipedia.org)
  • In contrast, ubiquitous mAbs A4 and B7 and sub-ubiquitous mAb A8 may have their epitopes on the commonly conserved regions of the three isozyme groups. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Conservation across orthologous bases suggests that at least 17% of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome is under selection, with nearly one-quarter of the sequence under selection lying outside of coding regions. (plantcytogenomics.org)
  • Highly conserved regions are less likely to mutate, therefore there is a high likelihood that the diagnostic test will remain accurate in the presence of variants. (who.int)
  • The 16S rRNA gene is highly conserved with certain variable regions. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • The laboratory procedure is based on amplifying and sequencing four variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene with two amplicons. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • A highly conserved sequence is one that has remained relatively unchanged far back up the phylogenetic tree, and hence far back in geological time. (wikipedia.org)
  • Examples of highly conserved sequences include the RNA components of ribosomes present in all domains of life, the homeobox sequences widespread amongst eukaryotes, and the tmRNA in bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • Highly conserved DNA sequences are thought to have functional value, although the role for many highly conserved non-coding DNA sequences is poorly understood. (wikipedia.org)
  • Within a sequence, amino acids that are important for folding, structural stability, or that form a binding site may be more highly conserved. (wikipedia.org)
  • Background: MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small, highly conserved, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression of target mRNAs through cleavage or translational inhibition. (usda.gov)
  • Mycobacterium genus-specific primers derived from highly conserved sequences in the ITS region and the flanking 16S rRNA gene were used. (cdc.gov)
  • A helix initiation motif and a helix termination motif segment can be found at either end of the alpha-helical rod and are highly conserved in sequence between keratins. (medscape.com)
  • As with most other keratin disorders, most mutations in pachyonychia congenita occur in these highly conserved helix boundary domains at the end of the rod domain. (medscape.com)
  • 1 June 2021 using primer-probe sets targeting the highly conserved sequences of the envelope ( E ), Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo. (bvsalud.org)
  • Homology search tools may take an individual nucleic acid or protein sequence as input, or use statistical models generated from multiple sequence alignments of known related sequences. (wikipedia.org)
  • B) Amino acid sequence alignments. (hivinhibitor.com)
  • However, a region of markedly suppressed synonymous codon variability was identified in alignments of HAV sequences near the 5' end of the 3D(pol)-coding sequence of HAV, consistent with noncoding constraints imposed by an underlying RNA secondary structure. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Among the 12 conserved cysteine residues, there have been 3 amino acids between the very first two cysteine residues (Cys1 ys2 ), a sequence of 16 or 17 amino acids involving Cys4 ys5 , plus a sequence of 82 residues between Cys6 ys7 (Figure 1). (hivinhibitor.com)
  • The sequences of these clones revealed an intronless gene conding for 380 amino acids, with 85% identity the predicted human sequence. (wustl.edu)
  • Changes in the SEPTIN9 gene may alter the sequence of amino acids in certain septin-9 isoforms in ways that interfere with their function. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Conservation indicates that a sequence has been maintained by natural selection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conservation can occur in coding and non-coding nucleic acid sequences. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, sequence conservation in ncRNAs is generally poor compared to protein-coding sequences, and base pairs that contribute to structure or function are often conserved instead. (wikipedia.org)
  • Low sequence conservation and lack of functional annotations make it difficult to identify homologs of mammalian lncRNAs in other vertebrates. (sissa.it)
  • The mechanisms of heterosubtypic immunity are not completely understood but likely include both T-cell immunity, in particular CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) ( 16 , 17 ) and CD4+ T cells (13) , as well as antibodies to conserved epitopes (18) . (cdc.gov)
  • Aldolase C-specific mAbs B8, H1, B4, and E10, but not D9, have their epitopes on a region within amino acid positions 79-193 of antigens, where the type-C isozyme group-specific sequence-3 (IGS-3) is situated. (elsevierpure.com)
  • For example, the promoter of a conserved gene or operon may also be conserved. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 1987 the sdhCAB operon of B. subtilis was cloned and sequenced. (lu.se)
  • The similar protein-coding neighborhood and transcriptional information about the conserved candidates provide support to the hypothesis that they share functional homology. (sissa.it)
  • Margaret Dayhoff's 1966 comparison of ferrodoxin sequences showed that natural selection would act to conserve and optimise protein sequences essential to life. (wikipedia.org)
  • The codon usage bias in some organisms may restrict the types of synonymous mutations in a sequence. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mutations that disrupted secondary RNA structure or the AAACA/G motif, without altering the amino acid sequence of 3D(pol), ablated replication of a subgenomic HAV replicon in transfected human hepatoma cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These sequences have presumably been conserved by natural selection because they serve an important function, so most mutations that change them would be harmful to the organism. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Consequently, established primers specifically amplifying the archaeal 16S ribosomal gene region are scarce compared to the variety of primers targeting bacterial sequences. (frontiersin.org)
  • The application of next-generation sequencing technology in microbial community analysis increased our knowledge and understanding of the complexity and diversity of a variety of ecosystems. (frontiersin.org)
  • The basis of the GENSAM project is the joint national management of clinical microbial sequencing data. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • The identification of B. germanica embryo small RNA sequences unveiled miRNAs not detected in previous studies, such as those of the MIR-309 family and 54 novel miRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conserved sequences are typically identified by bioinformatics approaches based on sequence alignment. (wikipedia.org)
  • High-sensitive nascent transcript sequencing reveals BRD4-specific control of widespread enhancer and target gene transcription. (mpg.de)
  • We are dissecting a number of elements in detail using a synthetic approach, in which subsets of the human-specific sequence changes in each element are transferred into the chimpanzee enhancer sequence. (yale.edu)
  • In vivo enhancer analysis of human conserved non-coding sequences. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We tested 167 of these extremely conserved sequences in a transgenic mouse enhancer assay. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Our contribution was towards the development of a targeted bisulfite sequencing assay. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Therefore, strategies based on conserved influenza antigens should be explored. (cdc.gov)
  • Identification of a conserved RNA replication element (cre) within the 3Dpol-coding sequence of hepatoviruses. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Replication competence could be rescued by reinsertion of the native 110-nt stem-loop structure (but not an abbreviated 45-nt stem-loop) upstream of the HAV coding sequence in the replicon. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Metagenomic sequencing is offered in cases where infection is suspected but other methods have failed to identify a pathogen. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • The result of of metagenomic sequencing is the outcome of a collaborative effort between bioinformaticians and clinical microbiologists, where the clinical interpretation confirms and complements the technical analysis. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Distant conserved sequences flanking endothelial-specific promoters contain tissue-specific DNase-hypersensitive sites and over-represented motifs. (duke.edu)
  • Identification of "human accelerated" conserved noncoding sequences (HACNSs). (yale.edu)
  • The systematic identification of conserved developmental regulatory elements has made it possible to study the impact of human-specific changes in regulatory DNAs on a genome-wide scale. (yale.edu)
  • Identification of sequence variations in the miRNA -target interactions may be particularly useful for rainbow trout breeding programs. (usda.gov)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Monoclonal anti-human aldolase C antibodies that react to the isozyme group-specific sequences and generally conserved sequences of human aldolase C'. Together they form a unique fingerprint. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Kaihara R, Matsuhashi S , Kusakabe T , Kondo T, Iwanaga A, Hori K. Monoclonal anti-human aldolase C antibodies that react to the isozyme group-specific sequences and generally conserved sequences of human aldolase C . Journal of biochemistry . (elsevierpure.com)
  • Human-specific substitutions at sites conserved from chimpanzee to chicken are expected to be uncommon events, and were consequently given more weight than substitutions at less conserved sites. (yale.edu)
  • We sequenced small RNA libraries representing 11 developmental stages of B. germanica ontogeny (with especial emphasis on embryogenesis) and the changes in miRNA expression were examined. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The nucleic acid sequence of a protein coding gene may also be conserved by other selective pressures. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nucleic acid sequences that cause secondary structure in the mRNA of a coding gene may be selected against, as some structures may negatively affect translation, or conserved where the mRNA also acts as a functional non-coding RNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • All nucleic acid in the clinical sample is sequenced and the resulting data is analysed by experienced bioinformaticians. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • The Fp and Ip subunits are both very conserved with respect to composition and polypeptide sequence [1]. (lu.se)
  • However, a disadvantage of this primer pair was its low specificity for the archaeal domain in the experimental application leading to high amounts of bacterial sequences within the dataset. (frontiersin.org)
  • The method uses an internal control sequence (spike) which is amplified and sequenced simultaneously with the sample to facilitate the assessment of the bacterial content and to detect amplification-inhibiting factors in the sample that may lead to a negative result. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • Non-coding sequences important for gene regulation, such as the binding or recognition sites of ribosomes and transcription factors, may be conserved within a genome. (wikipedia.org)
  • We here use a purified recombinant mitochondrial transcription system and demonstrate that conserved sequence box II is a sequence-dependent transcription termination element in vitro. (nih.gov)
  • Using this approach, we identified 992 conserved noncoding sequences that are evolving rapidly on the human lineage (Fig. 1B and 1C). (yale.edu)
  • We termed these elements human-accelerated conserved noncoding sequences (HACNSs). (yale.edu)
  • We identified sequence signatures enriched in a subset of these elements that targeted forebrain expression, and used these features to rank all approximately 3,100 non-coding elements in the human genome that are conserved between human and Fugu. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Pan-conserved segment tags identify ultra-conserved sequences across assemblies in the human pangenome. (stanford.edu)
  • A phylogenetically conserved sequence within viral 3'untranslated RNA pseudoknots regulates translation. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a member of the vasoactive intestinal peptide/secretin/glucagon family , has an amino acid sequence identity of 68% with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). (eurogentec.com)
  • In the Fp subunit of SQR, and the closely related membrane-associated fumarate reductase of anaerobic organisms, FAD is covalently attached via an 8α-N(3)-histidyl linkage to a histidine (His) in a conserved sequence in the N-terminal part of the polypeptide. (lu.se)
  • MiRNAs are most often identified through computational prediction from genome sequences. (usda.gov)