Cetirizine
Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating
Hydroxyzine
Histamine H1 Antagonists
Loratadine
Terfenadine
Anti-Allergic Agents
Astemizole
Cedrus
Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial
Receptors, Histamine H1
Chlorpheniramine
Butanes
Urticaria
Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal
Sneezing
Histamine Antagonists
Nasal Obstruction
Risk of ventricular arrhythmias associated with nonsedating antihistamine drugs. (1/98)
AIMS: To quantify and compare the incidence of ventricular arrhythniias associated with the use of five nonsedating antihistamines: acrivastine, astemizole, cetirizine, loratadine and terfenadine. The effects of age, sex, dose, duration of treatment, and the interaction with P450 inhibitor drugs were also examined. METHODS: We carried out a cohort study with a nested case-control analysis using the UK-based General Practice Research database (GPRD). The study cohort included persons aged less than 80 years old who received their first prescription for any of the five study drugs between January 1, 1992 and September 30, 1996. We estimated relative risks and 95% confidence intervals of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias with current use of antihistamines as compared with non use. RESULTS: The study cohort included 197425 persons who received 513012 prescriptions. Over the study period 18 valid cases of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias were detected. Nine occurred during the current use of any antihistamine, resulting in a crude incidence of 1.9 per 10000 person-years (95%CI: 1.0-3.6) and a relative risk of 4.2 (95%CI: 1.5-11.8) as compared with non use. Astemizole presented the highest relative risk (RR= 19.0; 95%CI: 4.8-76.0) of all study drugs, while terfenadine (RR=2.1; 95%CI:0.5-8.5) was in the range of other nonsedating antihistamines. Older age was associated with a greater risk of ventricular arrhythmias (RR=7.4; 95%CI: 2.6-21.4) and seemed to increase the effect of antihistamines (RR=6.4; 95%CI: 1.7-24.8). The proportions of high dose terfenadine and the concomitant use with P450 inhibitors among current users of terfenadine were 2.7% and 3.4%, respectively over the study period with no single case of ventricular arrhythmias occurring in the presence of these two risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The use of nonsedating antihistamines increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmias by a factor of four in the general population. Yet, the absolute effect is quite low requiring 57000 prescriptions, or 5300 person-years of use for one case to occur. The risk associated with terfenadine was no different from that with other nonsedating antihistamines. (+info)Histamine response and local cooling in the human skin: involvement of H1- and H2-receptors. (2/98)
AIMS: Histamine may contribute locally to cutaneous blood flow control under normal and pathologic conditions. The objective of this study was to observe the influence of skin temperature on histamine vasodilation, and the roles of H1-and H2-receptors using novel noninvasive methods. METHODS: Eleven healthy subjects received, double-blind, single doses of the H1-receptor antagonist cetirizine (10 mg), cetirizine (10 mg) plus the H2-receptor antagonist cimetidine (400 mg), or placebo on separate occasions. Histamine was dosed cumulatively by iontophoresis to the forearm skin at 34 degrees C and 14 degrees C. Laser-Doppler flux (LDF) was measured at the same sites using customised probeholder/iontophoretic chambers with Peltier cooling elements. Finger mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured and cutaneous vascular conductance calculated as LDF/MAP. RESULTS: Histamine vasodilation was reduced in cold skin. Cetirizine shifted the histamine dose-response at both temperatures: statistically significantly at 14 degrees C only. Combined H1- and H2-receptor antagonism shifted the response significantly at both temperatures. CONCLUSIONS: H1- and H2-receptors mediate histamine-induced skin vasodilation. The sensitivity of these receptors, particularly the H1- receptor, is attenuated at low skin temperature. Whether the reduced effect in cold skin represents specific receptor or postreceptor desensitization, or nonspecific attenuation of cutaneous vasodilation remains to be elucidated. (+info)Mutational analysis of the antagonist-binding site of the histamine H(1) receptor. (3/98)
We combined in a previously derived three-dimensional model of the histamine H(1) receptor (Ter Laak, A. M., Timmerman, H., Leurs, H., Nederkoorn, P. H. J., Smit, M. J., and Donne-Op den Kelder, G. M. (1995) J. Comp. Aid. Mol. Design. 9, 319-330) a pharmacophore for the H(1) antagonist binding site (Ter Laak, A. M., Venhorst, J., Timmerman, H., and Donne-Op de Kelder, G. M. (1994) J. Med. Chem. 38, 3351-3360) with the known interacting amino acid residue Asp(116) (in transmembrane domain III) of the H(1) receptor and verified the predicted receptor-ligand interactions by site-directed mutagenesis. This resulted in the identification of the aromatic amino acids Trp(167), Phe(433), and Phe(436) in transmembrane domains IV and VI of the H(1) receptor as probable interaction points for the trans-aromatic ring of the H(1) antagonists. Subsequently, a specific interaction of carboxylate moieties of two therapeutically important, zwitterionic H(1) antagonists with Lys(200) in transmembrane domain V was predicted. A Lys(200) --> Ala mutation results in a 50- (acrivastine) to 8-fold (d-cetirizine) loss of affinity of these zwitterionic antagonists. In contrast, the affinities of structural analogs of acrivastine and cetirizine lacking the carboxylate group, triprolidine and meclozine, respectively, are unaffected by the Lys(200) --> Ala mutation. These data strongly suggest that Lys(200), unique for the H(1) receptor, acts as a specific anchor point for these "second generation" H(1) antagonists. (+info)Sedation with "non-sedating" antihistamines: four prescription-event monitoring studies in general practice. (4/98)
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the frequency with which sedation was reported in post-marketing surveillance studies of four second generation antihistamines: loratadine, cetirizine, fexofenadine, and acrivastine. DESIGN: Prescription-event monitoring studies. SETTING: Prescriptions were obtained for each cohort in the immediate post-marketing period. SUBJECTS: Event data were obtained for a total of 43 363 patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Reporting of sedation or drowsiness. RESULTS: The odds ratios (adjusted for age and sex) for the incidence of sedation were 0.63 (95% confidence interval 0.36 to 1.11; P=0.1) for fexofenadine; 2.79 (1.69 to 4.58; P<0.0001) for acrivastine, and 3.53 (2.07 to 5.42; P<0.0001) for cetirizine compared with loratadine. No increased risk of accident or injury was evident with any of the four drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Although the risk of sedation was low with all four drugs, fexofenadine and loratadine may be more appropriate for people working in safety critical jobs. (+info)Pharmacological blockade of ERG K(+) channels and Ca(2+) influx through store-operated channels exerts opposite effects on intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations in pituitary GH(3) cells. (5/98)
In the present study, the effects on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) oscillations of the blockade of ether-a-go-go-related gene (ERG) K(+) channels and of Ca(2+) influx through store-operated channels (SOC) activated by [Ca(2+)](i) store depletion have been studied in GH(3) cells by means of a combination of single-cell fura-2 microfluorimetry and whole-cell mode of the patch-clamp technique. Nanomolar concentrations (1-30 nM) of the piperidinic second-generation antihistamines terfenadine and astemizole and of the class III antiarrhythmic methanesulfonanilide dofetilide, by blocking ERG K(+) channels, increased the frequency and the amplitude of [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations in resting oscillating GH(3) cells. These compounds also induced the appearance of an oscillatory pattern of [Ca(2+)](i) in a subpopulation of nonoscillating GH(3) cells. The effects of ERG K(+) channel blockade on [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations appeared to be due to the activation of L-type Ca(2+) channels, because they were prevented by 300 nM nimodipine. By contrast, the piperazinic second-generation antihistamine cetirizine (0.01-30 microM), which served as a negative control, failed to affect ERG K(+) channels and did not interfere with [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations in GH(3) cells. Interestingly, micromolar concentrations of terfenadine and astemizole (0.3-30 microM), but not of dofetilide (10-100 microM), produced an inhibition of the spontaneous oscillatory pattern of [Ca(2+)](i) changes. This effect was possibly related to an inhibition of SOC, because these compounds inhibited the increase of [Ca(2+)](i) achieved by extracellular calcium reintroduction after intracellular calcium store depletion with the sarcoplasmic or endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase pump inhibitor thapsigargin (10 microM) in an extracellular calcium-free medium. The same inhibitory effect on [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations and SOC was observed with the first-generation antihistamine hydroxyzine (1-30 microM), the more hydrophobic metabolic precursor of cetirizine. Collectively, the results of the present study obtained with compounds that interfere in a different concentration range with ERG K(+) channels or SOC suggest that 1) ERG K(+) channels play a relevant role in controlling the oscillatory pattern of [Ca(2+)](i) in resting GH(3) cells and 2) the inhibition of SOC might induce an opposite effect, i.e., an inhibition of [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations. (+info)Determination of cetirizine dichloride in tablets by HPLC method. (6/98)
A HPLC method for the determination of the cetirizine dichloride in tablets was developed and validated. The determination was performed with a LiChrosorb RP-18 column, mobile phase of KH2PO4 (0.01 mol/l)--acetonitrile 65:35 (v/v), flow rate: 2 ml.min-1, UV detection at 230 nm and methyl paraben as an internal standard. (+info)Stability of cetirizine dihydrochloride in solid state. (7/98)
Influence of temperature and relative humidity on stability of cetirizine dihydrochloride in solid state was followed by HPLC method in this study. (+info)A descriptive analysis of the use and cost of new-generation antihistamines in the treatment of allergic rhinitis: a retrospective database analysis. (8/98)
OBJECTIVE: This retrospective database analysis was conducted to evaluate the use and cost of new-generation antihistamines (i.e., those that are nonsedating) in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in a managed care population. STUDY DESIGN: The study is a retrospective database review of medical and pharmacy-related claims linked by episodes of care. METHODS: Patients who had been diagnosed as having allergic rhinitis and had at least 1 prescription claim were identified from a database containing patient-level medical and pharmacy-related claims. The treatment patterns of patients with allergic rhinitis who met the study criteria were documented for a 12-month period in which the use of nonsedating antihistamines was described and the associated costs of various medications were assessed. Subanalyses of patients categorized by comorbidity status were also performed. RESULTS: A total of 202,426 patients participated in the study. Nonsedating antihistamines were used by 71% of the patients; the most commonly prescribed drugs were loratadine and fexofenadine. The mean annual charges per patient for the treatment of allergic rhinitis in the study population were $465.21 (standard deviation [SD], 548). The greatest departmental cost was that of pharmacy-related charges (mean, $236.02; SD, 233); the next highest cost was that of outpatient charges (mean, $216.31; SD, 396). Comparisons of departmental charges indicated the use of loratadine was associated with significantly higher treatment costs than that of fexofenadine in a number of patient subgroups. CONCLUSION: In this analysis, loratadine was associated with significantly higher treatment charges than was fexofenadine. This result was observed consistently across different stratifications of patients, including the presence of comorbid respiratory infection, concomitant use of nasal steroids, and the presence of asthma and/or sinusitis. These results provided useful insights into the differential costs associated with the use of nonsedating antihistamines in the treatment of rhinitis. (+info)Cetirizine is an antihistamine medication that is used to relieve symptoms of allergies, such as hay fever, hives, and other allergic skin conditions. It works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms. Cetirizine is available over-the-counter and by prescription in various forms, including tablets, chewable tablets, and syrup.
The medical definition of Cetirizine is:
Cetirizine hydrochloride: A second-generation antihistamine with selective peripheral H1 receptor antagonist activity. A potent and long-acting inhibitor of the early and late phases of the allergic reaction, it exhibits anti-inflammatory properties and has a more favorable side effect profile than many other antihistamines. It is used in the management of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and angioedema.
Histamine H1 antagonists, non-sedating, also known as second-generation antihistamines, are medications that block the action of histamine at the H1 receptor without causing significant sedation. Histamine is a chemical mediator released by mast cells and basophils in response to an allergen, leading to allergic symptoms such as itching, sneezing, runny nose, and hives.
The non-sedating antihistamines have a higher affinity for the H1 receptor and are less lipophilic than first-generation antihistamines, which results in less penetration of the blood-brain barrier and reduced sedative effects. Examples of non-sedating antihistamines include cetirizine, levocetirizine, loratadine, desloratadine, fexofenadine, and rupatadine. These medications are commonly used to treat allergic rhinitis, urticaria, and angioedema.
Hydroxyzine is an antihistamine medication that is primarily used to treat symptoms of allergies such as itching, hives, and swelling. It works by blocking the effects of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic reactions. In addition to its antihistaminic properties, hydroxyzine also has sedative and anxiety-reducing effects, which make it useful in treating anxiety disorders, symptoms of alcohol withdrawal, and as a sleep aid. It is available in both oral and injectable forms and is usually taken orally in the form of tablets, capsules, or syrup. As with any medication, hydroxyzine should be used under the supervision of a healthcare provider, and its use may be subject to certain precautions and contraindications depending on the individual's medical history and current health status.
Histamine H1 antagonists, also known as H1 blockers or antihistamines, are a class of medications that work by blocking the action of histamine at the H1 receptor. Histamine is a chemical mediator released by mast cells and basophils in response to an allergic reaction or injury. It causes various symptoms such as itching, sneezing, runny nose, and wheal and flare reactions (hives).
H1 antagonists prevent the binding of histamine to its receptor, thereby alleviating these symptoms. They are commonly used to treat allergic conditions such as hay fever, hives, and eczema, as well as motion sickness and insomnia. Examples of H1 antagonists include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), loratadine (Claritin), cetirizine (Zyrtec), and doxylamine (Unisom).
Loratadine is an antihistamine medication that is commonly used to relieve symptoms of allergies, such as hay fever, hives, and other skin reactions. It works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms. Loratadine is available over-the-counter in various forms, including tablets, capsules, and syrup.
The medical definition of loratadine is: "A second-generation antihistamine used for the symptomatic treatment of allergies, including hay fever, hives, and other skin reactions. It works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms."
It's important to note that while loratadine is generally considered safe, it can cause side effects such as dizziness, dry mouth, and headache. If you have any concerns about taking loratadine or experience severe side effects, you should speak with your healthcare provider.
Terfenadine is an antihistamine medication that has been used to treat symptoms of allergies such as hay fever, hives, and other allergic reactions. It works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms. Terfenadine was first approved for use in the United States in 1985, but it is no longer available in many countries due to concerns about rare but serious side effects related to heart rhythm disturbances. It has been replaced by other antihistamines that are considered safer and more effective.
Anti-allergic agents, also known as antihistamines, are a class of medications used to treat allergies. They work by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that is released during an allergic reaction and causes symptoms such as itching, sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes.
There are two main types of antihistamines: first-generation and second-generation. First-generation antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton), can cause drowsiness and other side effects, such as dry mouth and blurred vision. They are typically used for the treatment of short-term symptoms, such as those caused by seasonal allergies or a mild reaction to an insect bite.
Second-generation antihistamines, such as loratadine (Claritin) and cetirizine (Zyrtec), are less likely to cause drowsiness and other side effects. They are often used for the long-term treatment of chronic allergies, such as those caused by dust mites or pet dander.
In addition to their use in treating allergies, antihistamines may also be used to treat symptoms of motion sickness, insomnia, and anxiety. It is important to follow the instructions on the label when taking antihistamines and to talk to a healthcare provider if you have any questions or concerns about using these medications.
Astemizole is a second-generation antihistamine that was previously used to treat symptoms associated with allergies, such as hay fever, hives, and other allergic skin reactions. It works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms. However, astemizole has been withdrawn from the market in many countries due to rare but serious side effects on the heart.
"Cedrus" is a genus of evergreen coniferous trees in the plant family Pinaceae. It includes several species commonly known as cedars, such as the Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica), the Deodar cedar (Cedrus deodara), and the Lebanon cedar (Cedrus libani). These trees are native to the mountains of the Mediterranean region and the Himalayas. They are known for their distinctive, pyramidal shape, thick, scaly bark, and long, needle-like leaves. The wood of Cedrus species is highly valued for its durability, aroma, and resistance to pests, making it a popular choice for use in construction, furniture-making, and essential oil production.
Allergic rhinitis, perennial type, is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the nasal passages caused by an allergic response to environmental allergens that are present throughout the year. Unlike seasonal allergic rhinitis, which is triggered by specific pollens or molds during certain times of the year, perennial allergic rhinitis is a persistent condition that occurs year-round.
Common allergens responsible for perennial allergic rhinitis include dust mites, cockroaches, pet dander, and indoor mold spores. Symptoms may include sneezing, runny or stuffy nose, itchy eyes, ears, throat, or roof of the mouth. Treatment options typically involve avoiding exposure to the offending allergens, if possible, as well as medications such as antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids, and leukotriene receptor antagonists to manage symptoms. Immunotherapy (allergy shots) may also be recommended for long-term management in some cases.
Histamine H1 receptors are a type of G protein-coupled receptor found in various cells throughout the body, including those of the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems. They are activated by the neurotransmitter histamine, which is released by mast cells and basophils in response to allergic reactions, inflammation, or immune responses.
When histamine binds to H1 receptors, it triggers a range of physiological responses that contribute to the symptoms of allergies, including vasodilation (leading to redness and warmth), increased vascular permeability (resulting in fluid leakage and swelling), and smooth muscle contraction (causing bronchoconstriction, gut cramping, and nasal congestion).
Histamine H1 receptors are also involved in the regulation of sleep-wake cycles, where they contribute to the promotion of wakefulness. Antihistamines that block H1 receptors are commonly used to treat allergies, hay fever, and other conditions associated with histamine release.
Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine medication that is used to relieve allergic symptoms caused by hay fever, hives, and other allergies. It works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms. Chlorpheniramine is available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, syrup, and injection.
Common side effects of chlorpheniramine include drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, and dizziness. It may also cause more serious side effects such as rapid heartbeat, difficulty breathing, and confusion, especially in elderly people or those with underlying medical conditions. Chlorpheniramine should be used with caution and under the supervision of a healthcare provider, particularly in children, pregnant women, and people with medical conditions such as glaucoma, enlarged prostate, and respiratory disorders.
It is important to follow the dosage instructions carefully when taking chlorpheniramine, as taking too much can lead to overdose and serious complications. If you experience any unusual symptoms or have concerns about your medication, it is best to consult with a healthcare provider.
Butanes are a group of flammable, colorless gases that are often used as fuel or in the production of other chemicals. They have the chemical formula C4H10 and are composed of four carbon atoms and ten hydrogen atoms. Butanes are commonly found in natural gas and crude oil, and they can be extracted through a process called distillation.
There are two main types of butane: n-butane and isobutane. N-butane has a straight chain of four carbon atoms, while isobutane has a branched chain with one carbon atom branching off the main chain. Both forms of butane are used as fuel for lighters, stoves, and torches, and they are also used as refrigerants and in the production of aerosols.
Butanes are highly flammable and can be dangerous if not handled properly. They should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from sources of ignition, and they should never be used near an open flame or other source of heat. Ingesting or inhaling butane can be harmful and can cause symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. If you suspect that you have been exposed to butane, it is important to seek medical attention immediately.
Urticaria, also known as hives, is an allergic reaction that appears on the skin. It is characterized by the rapid appearance of swollen, pale red bumps or plaques (wheals) on the skin, which are often accompanied by itching, stinging, or burning sensations. These wheals can vary in size and shape, and they may change location and appear in different places over a period of hours or days. Urticaria is usually caused by an allergic reaction to food, medication, or other substances, but it can also be triggered by physical factors such as heat, cold, pressure, or exercise. The condition is generally harmless, but severe cases of urticaria may indicate a more serious underlying medical issue and should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.
Allergic rhinitis, seasonal (also known as hay fever) is a type of inflammation in the nose which occurs when an individual breathes in allergens such as pollen or mold spores. The immune system identifies these substances as harmful and releases histamine and other chemicals, causing symptoms such as sneezing, runny or stuffy nose, red, watery, and itchy eyes, cough, and fatigue. Unlike perennial allergic rhinitis, seasonal allergic rhinitis is worse during specific times of the year when certain plants pollinate.
Sneezing is an involuntary, forceful expulsion of air through the nose and mouth, often triggered by irritation or inflammation in the nasal passages. It is a protective reflex that helps to clear the upper respiratory tract of irritants such as dust, pollen, or foreign particles. The sneeze begins with a deep inspiration of air, followed by closure of the glottis (the opening between the vocal cords) and contraction of the chest and abdominal muscles. This builds up pressure in the lungs, which is then suddenly released through the nose and mouth as the glottis opens and the velum (the soft tissue at the back of the roof of the mouth) rises to block the nasal passage. The result is a powerful burst of air that can travel at speeds of up to 100 miles per hour, expelling mucus and any trapped irritants along with it.
Histamine antagonists, also known as histamine blockers or H1-blockers, are a class of medications that work by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that is released during an allergic reaction. Histamine causes many of the symptoms of an allergic response, such as itching, sneezing, runny nose, and hives. By blocking the effects of histamine, these medications can help to relieve or prevent allergy symptoms.
Histamine antagonists are often used to treat conditions such as hay fever, hives, and other allergic reactions. They may also be used to treat stomach ulcers caused by excessive production of stomach acid. Some examples of histamine antagonists include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), loratadine (Claritin), and famotidine (Pepcid).
It's important to note that while histamine antagonists can be effective at relieving allergy symptoms, they do not cure allergies or prevent the release of histamine. They simply block its effects. It's also worth noting that these medications can have side effects, such as drowsiness, dry mouth, and dizziness, so it's important to follow your healthcare provider's instructions carefully when taking them.
Nasal obstruction is a medical condition that refers to any blockage or restriction in the normal flow of air through the nasal passages. This can be caused by various factors such as inflammation, swelling, or physical abnormalities in the nasal cavity. Common causes of nasal obstruction include allergies, sinusitis, deviated septum, enlarged turbinates, and nasal polyps. Symptoms may include difficulty breathing through the nose, nasal congestion, and nasal discharge. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and may include medications, surgery, or lifestyle changes.
Triprolidine is an antihistamine medication that is used to relieve symptoms caused by allergies, such as runny nose, sneezing, and itchy or watery eyes. It works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms. Triprolidine may also be used to help relieve symptoms of motion sickness.
It is important to note that this definition is for informational purposes only and should not be taken as medical advice. If you have any questions about triprolidine or its use, it is best to consult with a healthcare professional.
Cetirizine
H1 antagonist
Loratadine
Hydroxyzine
Tert-Butanesulfinamide
Kimura's disease
Racemic mixture
Cold medicine
Angioedema
Levocetirizine
UCB (company)
Bilastine
Hives
Seborrhoeic dermatitis
Pollen
Ebastine
Petasites
Ze339
Benadryl challenge
Urushiol
Dexchlorpheniramine
Skeeter syndrome
Azelastine
Benadryl
Eriksen flanker task
Antihistamine
Bepotastine
Diphenhydramine
NicOx
Fexofenadine
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Tablets12
- Cetirizine is available over-the-counter in the US in the form of 5 and 10 mg tablets. (wikipedia.org)
- One of the dosage forms available for Cetirizine is Gourmeds Chewable Tablets. (wedgewoodpharmacy.com)
- 1 strength of Cetirizine Gourmeds Chewable Tablets is available in 200 mg/tab. (wedgewoodpharmacy.com)
- DAYTON, N.J. - Aurobindo Pharma Ltd. has received approval from the Food and Drug Administration for cetirizine hydrochloride tablets, 5 mg and 10 mg, an over-the-counter allergy medication. (chaindrugreview.com)
- Cetirizine Hydrochloride 10mg Tablets are used for the relief of symptoms of hayfever and other allergic conditions (e.g. sneezing, runny or itchy nose) or for skin rashes (chronic nettle rash, idiopathic urticaria) in adults and children over 6 years of age. (pharmakhabar.com)
- Cetirizine is available in various forms, including tablets, chewables, and syrup, making it convenient for people of all ages. (newsjoebiden.com)
- If you're self-treating with Cetirizine 10mg tablets, read and understand instructions on the package carefully before ingesting the drug and consult the pharmacist if you have any questions. (scanrx.com)
- Cetirizine chewable tablets should be administered to patients above 12 months of age only. (scanrx.com)
- Cetirizine hcl 10 mg chewables and tablets should only be administered to patients above 6 years and in doses of 1 tablet every 24 hours. (scanrx.com)
- Adults and children 6 years and older can take cetirizine capsules and tablets. (snackroots.com)
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Dose13
- 30 μM) and no cardiotoxicity has been observed with cetirizine at doses of up to 60 mg/day, six times the normal recommended dose and the highest dose of cetirizine that has been studied in healthy subjects. (wikipedia.org)
- A 10 mg dose of cetirizine equals about a 30 mg dose of hydroxyzine in terms of peripheral antihistamine effect. (wikipedia.org)
- As such, brain penetration and brain H1 receptor occupancy by cetirizine are dose-dependent, and in accordance, while cetirizine at doses of 5 to 10 mg have been reported to be non-sedating or mildly sedating, a higher dose of 20 mg has been found to induce significant drowsiness in other studies. (wikipedia.org)
- If you take one Cetirizine hcl 10 mg tablet once daily (in the morning), you can take the missed dose as soon as you remember throughout the day. (scanrx.com)
- If you or your child takes Cetirizine twice daily, you can give the forgotten dose within 4 hours of when you were supposed to administer the drug. (scanrx.com)
- The British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology recommends cetirizine at its lowest dose as a preferred choice if an antihistamine is required during breastfeeding. (drlact.com)
- A dog's dose of cetirizine is calculated using the product's dosage chart. (justagric.com)
- In contrast, a lower antihistamine response was obtained after administering cetirizine at a dose of 1 mg/day. (justagric.com)
- 7. Sharawat IK, Dawman L. Acute focal dystonia after a single dose of oral cetirizine in a 9-year-old boy. (trdizin.gov.tr)
- containing the other amino acids should not be eaten at the same time cetirizine high dose as taking L-dopa medication, according. (pikgarden.com)
- Regaining in to none doudenal trireme, amychophobia regard both merest suspensoria on Cetirizine hydrochloride 20 mg dose to a canadian clarinex semidominance. (khanbekyan.com)
- Xenical pre o comprar meloxicam prices us generic female cialis 10mg phenergan travel sickness medicine buy tretinoin cream .025 cetirizine prescription dose. (kolobkaolomouc.cz)
- In adults and children aged 6 years and over, cetirizine hydrochloride is given by mouth in a dose of 10 mg once daily or 5 mg twice daily. (epharmacyke.com)
Hydroxyzine8
- A positron emission tomography (PET) study found that brain occupancy of the H1 receptor was 12.6% for 10 mg cetirizine, 25.2% for 20 mg cetirizine, and 67.6% for 30 mg hydroxyzine. (wikipedia.org)
- In accordance, H1 receptor occupancy correlated well with subjective sleepiness for 30 mg hydroxyzine but there was no correlation for 10 or 20 mg cetirizine. (wikipedia.org)
- tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to cetirizine, hydroxyzine (Vistaril), or any other medications. (medlineplus.gov)
- Plasma cetirizine concentration was quantified by UHPLC-MS/MS. The terminal half-life was ten hours (7.9-16) and the pharmacokinetics were comparable to the human antihistamine hydroxyzine. (justagric.com)
- Cetirizine is a carboxylic acid metabolite of hydroxyzine. (justagric.com)
- Like hydroxyzine, cetirizine also blocks the production of histamine in the body. (justagric.com)
- The authors conclude that the antihistamine effect observed after systemic administration of cetirizine was consistent with that seen in dogs treated with 2 mg/kg hydroxyzine orally every day. (justagric.com)
- Cetirizine hydrochloride, a piperazine derivative and metabolite of hydroxyzine, is described as a non-sedating antihistamine which is long-acting and has some mast-cell stabilising activity. (epharmacyke.com)
Loratadine10
- Comparative assessment of environmental risk when using the antihistamines desloratadine, cetirizine, loratadine, ebastine, clemastine and fexofenadine from a Swedish perspective (Report Goodpoint 2019). (janusinfo.se)
- Is loratadine and cetirizine the same thing? (snackroots.com)
- Both cetirizine and loratadine are nonsedating antihistamines. (snackroots.com)
- Is loratadine or cetirizine better? (snackroots.com)
- While patients have reported that cetirizine hydrochloride works faster, loratadine lasts longer. (snackroots.com)
- Can I take loratadine and cetirizine? (snackroots.com)
- No interactions were found between cetirizine and loratadine. (snackroots.com)
- Which is more sedating cetirizine or loratadine? (snackroots.com)
- Sedaghat suggests taking a second-generation OTC antihistamine that's less likely to cause drowsiness, such as fexofenadine (Allegra), loratadine, or cetirizine (Zyrtec). (snackroots.com)
- Tramadol and tylenol drug interaction what is best cetirizine or loratadine viagra for sale in the us usos de la cetirizina 10 mg tramadol drug test 10 panel. (kolobkaolomouc.cz)
Levocetirizine6
- The Ki values for the H1 receptor are approximately 6 nM for cetirizine, 3 nM for levocetirizine, and 100 nM for dextrocetirizine, indicating that the levorotatory enantiomer is the main active form. (wikipedia.org)
- Is levocetirizine stronger than cetirizine? (snackroots.com)
- Previous research suggested that levocetirizine is less sedating than cetirizine, and that 2.5 mg of levocetirizine is equivalent to 5 mg of cetirizine. (snackroots.com)
- levocetirizine is the R-enantiomer of cetirizine, and the investigators hypothesized that it would be more potent. (snackroots.com)
- Xyzal ( levocetirizine ) and Zyrtec ( cetirizine ) are both antihistamines. (healthline.com)
- Tell your doctor about any medication allergies, including those to levocetirizine (Xyzal) and cetirizine (Zyrtec). (healthline.com)
Symptoms10
- Cetirizine is used to temporarily relieve the symptoms of hay fever (allergy to pollen, dust, or other substances in the air) and allergy to other substances (such as dust mites, animal dander, cockroaches, and molds). (medlineplus.gov)
- Cetirizine is an antihistamine medication that treats allergy symptoms like itchy eyes, sneezing, a stuffy nose or hives. (clevelandclinic.org)
- CETIRIZINE (se TI ra zeen) prevents and treats allergy symptoms, such as red, itchy eyes, sneezing, a runny or stuffy nose, or hives. (clevelandclinic.org)
- Cetirizine usually starts to relieve allergy symptoms within 20 minutes and lasts for 24 hours. (medbroadcast.com)
- Cetirizine is a widely used antihistamine medication that provides relief from allergy symptoms caused by histamine release. (newsjoebiden.com)
- Cetirizine is primarily used to manage symptoms associated with allergic conditions such as hay fever, allergic rhinitis, and hives. (newsjoebiden.com)
- Studies have shown that cetirizine is as effective as other second-generation antihistamines in managing allergy symptoms. (newsjoebiden.com)
- Cetirizine hcl is a popular antihistamine used to treat and offer relief from symptoms of hay fever, including runny nose, watery eyes, itching, and sneezing. (scanrx.com)
- While cetirizine may not prevent allergic reactions, it can help alleviate symptoms and treat hives, an itchy raised rash that is associated with allergies. (justagric.com)
- Cetirizine is an antihistamine that is used to relieve the symptoms of allergies such as water eyes, runny nose, itching eyes / nose, sneezing, urticaria and itching. (timespanda.com)
Once every 242
- For 6+ years (above 48 lbs), give 5 mg of Cetirizine syrup once every 24 hours. (scanrx.com)
- Normally, cetirizine hydrochloride is administered orally once every 24 hours. (justagric.com)
Allergies3
- A. Cetirizine is often used to treat itching due to allergies, but the withdrawal phenomenon you and other patients have experienced is not included in the medical literature. (peoplespharmacy.com)
- Cetirizine (Zyrtec generic) should only be used for the treatment of allergies. (scanrx.com)
- Cetirizine is a medication used to treat allergies in dogs. (justagric.com)
Pharma2
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Pseudoephedrine3
- Cetirizine is also available in combination with pseudoephedrine (Sudafed, others). (medlineplus.gov)
- If you are taking the cetirizine and pseudoephedrine combination product, read the information on the package label or ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information. (medlineplus.gov)
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Syrup6
- Cetirizine comes as a tablet, a chewable tablet, an extended release tablet, and a syrup (liquid) to take by mouth. (medlineplus.gov)
- A recommendation therefore is to ask your doctor to cetirizine hydrochloride and ambroxol hydrochloride syrup divide your combination inhaler into a separate preventer and short-acting reliever. (pikgarden.com)
- a 7th (manfaat cetirizine sirup) standard girl in a school typed in my laptop after browsing google :"" show how to love boys"" says his team do you deciding which does not interested cetirizine syrup 1mg in the chinese. (pikgarden.com)
- Harga cetirizine syrup - the above asistance will enable you to get a ood start off. (pikgarden.com)
- Buy alerid cetirizine hydrochloride syrup. (c3sc.org.uk)
- Cetirizine hydrochloride syrup. (c3sc.org.uk)
Pruritus4
- Discontinuing cetirizine after prolonged use (typically, use beyond six months) may result in pruritus (generalized itchiness). (wikipedia.org)
- The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) analyzed cases of pruritus after stopping cetirizine in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database and medical literature through April 24, 2017. (wikipedia.org)
- A recent study concluded that the antihistamine drug cetirizine significantly reduced the incidence of pruritus in dogs. (justagric.com)
- Oral cetirizine was started, and pruritus improved. (bvsalud.org)
Urticaria2
- Cetirizine, sold under the brand name Zyrtec among others, is a second-generation antihistamine used to treat allergic rhinitis (hay fever), dermatitis, and urticaria (hives). (wikipedia.org)
- Cetirizine is also commonly prescribed to treat acute and (in particular cases) chronic urticaria, more efficiently than any other second-generation antihistamine. (wikipedia.org)
Antagonist2
- Cetirizine acts as a highly selective antagonist of the histamine H1 receptor. (wikipedia.org)
- Cetirizine is a selective H1 histamine receptor antagonist derived from piperazine. (trdizin.gov.tr)
Antihistamine medication1
- Cetirizine is a highly effective and safe antihistamine medication that offers relief from various allergic conditions. (newsjoebiden.com)
Prevent hives2
- However, cetirizine does not prevent hives or other allergic skin reactions. (medlineplus.gov)
- Cetirizine does not prevent or prevent hives due to a serious allergic reaction (such as anaphylaxis). (timespanda.com)
Ophthalmic2
- When using Cetirizine ophthalmic solution, the recommended dosage is to put a single drop into each affected eye twice every 24 hours. (scanrx.com)
- 2] Ophthalmic use of cetirizine by the mother should pose little risk to the breastfed infant. (drlact.com)
Generic7
- Q. I have had terrible trouble trying to stop taking Zyrtec (the generic is cetirizine). (peoplespharmacy.com)
- Cetirizine hydrochloride is a generic drug, but you can also find it in different names. (scanrx.com)
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Pharmaceuticals1
- Cetirizine is not among the pharmaceuticals analyzed in recent years. (janusinfo.se)
Cause drowsiness1
- Compared to other second-generation anti-histamines, cetirizine can cause drowsiness. (wikipedia.org)
Relief1
- Cetirizine is mainly used in the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions i.e flus, colds, blocked nose, runny noses, watery eyes, sneezing, allergic skin conditions etc. (epharmacyke.com)
Oral3
- Drug1 (rxcui = 1014678, name = cetirizine hydrochloride 10 MG Oral Tablet, tty = SCD). (druginteractionchecker.com)
- Drug2 (rxcui = 1020026, name = cetirizine hydrochloride 10 MG Oral Tablet [Zyrtec], tty = SBD). (druginteractionchecker.com)
- 6] Whether lower oral doses of cetirizine have the same effect on serum prolactin or whether the effects on prolactin have any consequences on breastfeeding success have not been studied. (drlact.com)
Doses1
- Small occasional doses of cetirizine are probably acceptable during breastfeeding. (drlact.com)
Obat3
- Cetirizine Hexpharm merupakan salah satu jenis obat alergi yang berbentuk tablet. (halosehat.com)
- Cetirizine Hexpharm diproduksi oleh PT Hexpharm dapat dengan mudah dibeli di toko obat atau apotik terdekat dengan menggunakan resep dari dokter. (halosehat.com)
- If they were going to have entirely healthy lives then they would have lived obat cetirizine sirup untuk anak in fear and uncertainty. (pikgarden.com)
Medications2
- Cetirizine is in a class of medications called antihistamines. (medlineplus.gov)
- Cetirizine belongs to the class of medications called second-generation antihistamines, specifically the class known as histamine receptor antagonists . (medbroadcast.com)
Search1
- For brands that may still be available, search under cetirizine. (medbroadcast.com)
Healthcare1
- With its extended duration of action and minimal side effects, cetirizine remains a popular choice among healthcare providers and patients alike. (newsjoebiden.com)
Cetrizet2
Epinephrine1
- Do not use cetirizine in place of the epinephrine injector. (medlineplus.gov)
Tablet Uses1
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Prescription1
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Pharmacist1
- Before using Cetirizine, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially: difficulty in urinating (such as due to an increased prostate), kidney disease, liver disease. (timespanda.com)
Adverse effects1
- The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cetirizine is combined with Citalopram. (druginteractionchecker.com)
Dosage for adults1
- The maximum Cetirizine dosage for adults per day is 10 mg. (scanrx.com)
Pregnancy2
- 4] A woman with narcolepsy took sodium oxybate 4 grams each night at 10 pm and 2 am as well as fluoxetine 20 mg and cetirizine 5 mg daily throughout pregnancy and postpartum. (drlact.com)
- During pregnancy, Cetirizine should be used only when explicitly necessary. (timespanda.com)
Indications1
- Evaluate safety and tolerability profile of MK3475 in previously (cetirizine contre indications). (pikgarden.com)
Drug5
- No specific schedule for weaning is currently provided in the drug information for cetirizine. (wikipedia.org)
- Although cetirizine is a relatively safe drug, it has rarely been reported to cause a dystonic reaction. (trdizin.gov.tr)
- Turn on your low beam headlights, not only so you can see better, but so others cetirizine canada shoppers drug mart can see you better. (pikgarden.com)
- (Cetirizine) Zyrtec is an antiallergic drug blocking histamine receptors. (viagradirect.net)
- Study subjects can also receive pediatric standard of care treatment, at study investigators discretion, consisting of ibuprofen suspension as anti-inflammatory drug (10mg per Kg of body weight per day) and/or cetirizine suspension as anti-histaminic drug (0.25mg per Kg of body weight per day). (who.int)
Side8
- Cetirizine may cause side effects. (medlineplus.gov)
- Although side effects from cetirizine are not common, they can occur. (1meds.com)
- Cetirizine is generally well-tolerated, boasting minimal side effects such as drowsiness, dry mouth, and headache. (newsjoebiden.com)
- Does Cetirizine has any long term or short term side effects on infants? (drlact.com)
- Our study of different scientific research also indicates that Cetirizine does not cause any serious side effects in breastfeeding mothers. (drlact.com)
- But what are the potential side effects of cetirizine? (justagric.com)
- there would violate some truth to describe came for campus cipla cetirizine tablet side effects walking along with. (pikgarden.com)
- If your doctor has prescribed Cetirizine, remember that he or she has decided that the benefit is higher than the risk of side effects. (timespanda.com)
Airway1
- Effect of cetirizine on early- and late-phase airway responses in a Brown Norway rat model of allergic asthma. (cdc.gov)
Sedation2
- Cetirizine crosses the blood-brain barrier only slightly, and for this reason, produces minimal sedation compared to many other antihistamines. (wikipedia.org)
- cetirizine and olopatadine intranasal both increase sedation. (medscape.com)
