Orthodontic Appliance Design
Orthodontic Appliances
Devices used for influencing tooth position. Orthodontic appliances may be classified as fixed or removable, active or retaining, and intraoral or extraoral. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p19)
Orthodontic Appliances, Removable
Orthodontic Appliances, Functional
Loose, usually removable intra-oral devices which alter the muscle forces against the teeth and craniofacial skeleton. These are dynamic appliances which depend on altered neuromuscular action to effect bony growth and occlusal development. They are usually used in mixed dentition to treat pediatric malocclusions. (ADA, 1992)
Orthodontic Wires
Wires of various dimensions and grades made of stainless steel or precious metal. They are used in orthodontic treatment.
Dental Plaque Index
An index which scores the degree of dental plaque accumulation.
Root Resorption
Dental Alloys
Orthodontics, Corrective
The phase of orthodontics concerned with the correction of malocclusion with proper appliances and prevention of its sequelae (Jablonski's Illus. Dictionary of Dentistry).
Orthodontic Brackets
Small metal or ceramic attachments used to fasten an arch wire. These attachments are soldered or welded to an orthodontic band or cemented directly onto the teeth. Bowles brackets, edgewise brackets, multiphase brackets, ribbon arch brackets, twin-wire brackets, and universal brackets are all types of orthodontic brackets.
Dental Plaque
A film that attaches to teeth, often causing DENTAL CARIES and GINGIVITIS. It is composed of MUCINS, secreted from salivary glands, and microorganisms.
Tooth Mobility
Horizontal and, to a lesser degree, axial movement of a tooth in response to normal forces, as in occlusion. It refers also to the movability of a tooth resulting from loss of all or a portion of its attachment and supportive apparatus, as seen in periodontitis, occlusal trauma, and periodontosis. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p507 & Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p313)
Maxilla
Halitosis
Extraoral Traction Appliances
Elastomers
Malocclusion
Molar
The most posterior teeth on either side of the jaw, totaling eight in the deciduous dentition (2 on each side, upper and lower), and usually 12 in the permanent dentition (three on each side, upper and lower). They are grinding teeth, having large crowns and broad chewing surfaces. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p821)
Bicuspid
Esthetics, Dental
Stainless Steel
Dental Debonding
Techniques used for removal of bonded orthodontic appliances, restorations, or fixed dentures from teeth.
Alveolar Process
Nickel
Periodontal Index
Tongue
A muscular organ in the mouth that is covered with pink tissue called mucosa, tiny bumps called papillae, and thousands of taste buds. The tongue is anchored to the mouth and is vital for chewing, swallowing, and for speech.
Toothbrushing
Malocclusion, Angle Class II
Mandibular Advancement
Moving a retruded mandible forward to a normal position. It is commonly performed for malocclusion and retrognathia. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)
Social Desirability
Gingivitis
Inflammation of gum tissue (GINGIVA) without loss of connective tissue.
Periodontal Ligament
The fibrous CONNECTIVE TISSUE surrounding the TOOTH ROOT, separating it from and attaching it to the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS).
Occlusal Splints
Streptococcus mutans
A polysaccharide-producing species of STREPTOCOCCUS isolated from human dental plaque.