Chromosome Painting
A technique for visualizing CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS using fluorescently labeled DNA probes which are hybridized to chromosomal DNA. Multiple fluorochromes may be attached to the probes. Upon hybridization, this produces a multicolored, or painted, effect with a unique color at each site of hybridization. This technique may also be used to identify cross-species homology by labeling probes from one species for hybridization with chromosomes from another species.
Paintings
Procyonidae
Chromosome Banding
Staining of bands, or chromosome segments, allowing the precise identification of individual chromosomes or parts of chromosomes. Applications include the determination of chromosome rearrangements in malformation syndromes and cancer, the chemistry of chromosome segments, chromosome changes during evolution, and, in conjunction with cell hybridization studies, chromosome mapping.
Karyotype
The full set of CHROMOSOMES presented as a systematized array of METAPHASE chromosomes from a photomicrograph of a single CELL NUCLEUS arranged in pairs in descending order of size and according to the position of the CENTROMERE. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
Trichechus manatus
Chromosomes
Canidae
In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
A type of IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION in which target sequences are stained with fluorescent dye so their location and size can be determined using fluorescence microscopy. This staining is sufficiently distinct that the hybridization signal can be seen both in metaphase spreads and in interphase nuclei.
Chromosomes, Mammalian
Karyotyping
Mapping of the KARYOTYPE of a cell.
Chromosome Mapping
Chromosome Aberrations
Abnormal number or structure of chromosomes. Chromosome aberrations may result in CHROMOSOME DISORDERS.
Translocation, Genetic
A type of chromosome aberration characterized by CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE and transfer of the broken-off portion to another location, often to a different chromosome.
Chromosomes, Human
Very long DNA molecules and associated proteins, HISTONES, and non-histone chromosomal proteins (CHROMOSOMAL PROTEINS, NON-HISTONE). Normally 46 chromosomes, including two sex chromosomes are found in the nucleus of human cells. They carry the hereditary information of the individual.
Characiformes
Pitheciidae
X Chromosome
Felidae
The cat family in the order CARNIVORA comprised of muscular, deep-chested terrestrial carnivores with a highly predatory lifestyle.
Cytogenetics
A subdiscipline of genetics which deals with the cytological and molecular analysis of the CHROMOSOMES, and location of the GENES on chromosomes, and the movements of chromosomes during the CELL CYCLE.
Viverridae
Carnivora
Metaphase
The phase of cell nucleus division following PROMETAPHASE, in which the CHROMOSOMES line up across the equatorial plane of the SPINDLE APPARATUS prior to separation.
DNA Probes
Species- or subspecies-specific DNA (including COMPLEMENTARY DNA; conserved genes, whole chromosomes, or whole genomes) used in hybridization studies in order to identify microorganisms, to measure DNA-DNA homologies, to group subspecies, etc. The DNA probe hybridizes with a specific mRNA, if present. Conventional techniques used for testing for the hybridization product include dot blot assays, Southern blot assays, and DNA:RNA hybrid-specific antibody tests. Conventional labels for the DNA probe include the radioisotope labels 32P and 125I and the chemical label biotin. The use of DNA probes provides a specific, sensitive, rapid, and inexpensive replacement for cell culture techniques for diagnosing infections.
Medicine in Art
Paint
Sex Chromosomes
The homologous chromosomes that are dissimilar in the heterogametic sex. There are the X CHROMOSOME, the Y CHROMOSOME, and the W, Z chromosomes (in animals in which the female is the heterogametic sex (the silkworm moth Bombyx mori, for example)). In such cases the W chromosome is the female-determining and the male is ZZ. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1
A specific pair of human chromosomes in group A (CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN, 1-3) of the human chromosome classification.
Evolution, Molecular
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7
A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Art
"Art therapy is a form of expressive therapy that uses the creative process of making art to improve a person's physical, mental, and emotional well-being."
Chromosomes, Bacterial
Chromosome Segregation
The orderly segregation of CHROMOSOMES during MEIOSIS or MITOSIS.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11
A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17
A specific pair of GROUP E CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Chromosomes, Plant
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21
A specific pair of GROUP G CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13
A specific pair of GROUP D CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Species Specificity
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
Chromosomes, Fungal
Genome
Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X
The medium-sized, submetacentric human chromosomes, called group C in the human chromosome classification. This group consists of chromosome pairs 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 and the X chromosome.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12
A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Chromosome Disorders
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2
A specific pair of human chromosomes in group A (CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN, 1-3) of the human chromosome classification.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16
A specific pair of GROUP E CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22
A specific pair of GROUP G CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Chromosome Pairing
The alignment of CHROMOSOMES at homologous sequences.
Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4
A specific pair of GROUP B CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Lymphocytes
White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10
A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Chromosomes, Human, Y
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8
A specific pair of GROUP C CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19
A specific pair of GROUP F CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Chromosome Breakage
A type of chromosomal aberration involving DNA BREAKS. Chromosome breakage can result in CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATION; CHROMOSOME INVERSION; or SEQUENCE DELETION.
Chromosomes, Human, X
Chromosomes, Human, 1-3
The large, metacentric human chromosomes, called group A in the human chromosome classification. This group consists of chromosome pairs 1, 2, and 3.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15
A specific pair of GROUP D CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Humanities
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14
A specific pair of GROUP D CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18
A specific pair of GROUP E CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Chromosomes, Human, 16-18
The short, submetacentric human chromosomes, called group E in the human chromosome classification. This group consists of chromosome pairs 16, 17, and 18.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20
A specific pair of GROUP F CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification.
Chromosomes, Artificial, Yeast
Chromosomes in which fragments of exogenous DNA ranging in length up to several hundred kilobase pairs have been cloned into yeast through ligation to vector sequences. These artificial chromosomes are used extensively in molecular biology for the construction of comprehensive genomic libraries of higher organisms.
Chromosome Inversion
Chromosomes, Human, 13-15
The medium-sized, acrocentric human chromosomes, called group D in the human chromosome classification. This group consists of chromosome pairs 13, 14, and 15.