The level of governmental organization and function at the national or country-wide level.

Hospitals engaged in educational and research programs, as well as providing medical care to the patients.

Large hospitals with a resident medical staff which provides continuous care to maternity, surgical and medical patients.

Hospitals maintained by a university for the teaching of medical students, postgraduate training programs, and clinical research.

The expenses incurred by a hospital in providing care. The hospital costs attributed to a particular patient care episode include the direct costs plus an appropriate proportion of the overhead for administration, personnel, building maintenance, equipment, etc. Hospital costs are one of the factors which determine HOSPITAL CHARGES (the price the hospital sets for its services).

Economic aspects related to the management and operation of a hospital.

Hospitals located in metropolitan areas.

Personnel who provide nursing service to patients in a hospital.

Special hospitals which provide care for ill children.

The number of beds which a hospital has been designed and constructed to contain. It may also refer to the number of beds set up and staffed for use.

Hospitals which provide care for a single category of illness with facilities and staff directed toward a specific service.

Government-controlled hospitals which represent the major health facility for a designated geographic area.

A class of hospitals that includes profit or not-for-profit hospitals that are controlled by a legal entity other than a government agency. (Hospital Administration Terminology, AHA, 2d ed)

The obtaining and management of funds for hospital needs and responsibility for fiscal affairs.

Hospital department responsible for the administration and provision of immediate medical or surgical care to the emergency patient.

The period of confinement of a patient to a hospital or other health facility.

Areawide planning for hospitals or planning of a particular hospital unit on the basis of projected consumer need. This does not include hospital design and construction or architectural plans.

The prices a hospital sets for its services. HOSPITAL COSTS (the direct and indirect expenses incurred by the hospital in providing the services) are one factor in the determination of hospital charges. Other factors may include, for example, profits, competition, and the necessity of recouping the costs of uncompensated care.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

The level of governmental organization and function below that of the national or country-wide government.

The confinement of a patient in a hospital.

Major administrative divisions of the hospital.

Special hospitals which provide care to the mentally ill patient.

Federal, state, or local government organized methods of financial assistance.

Compilations of data on hospital activities and programs; excludes patient medical records.

Those areas of the hospital organization not considered departments which provide specialized patient care. They include various hospital special care wards.

Administrative units of government responsible for policy making and management of governmental activities.

Any materials used in providing care specifically in the hospital.

Exercise of governmental authority to control conduct.

Information centers primarily serving the needs of hospital medical staff and sometimes also providing patient education and other services.

Hospital department which administers all departmental functions and the provision of surgical diagnostic and therapeutic services.

The process of accepting patients. The concept includes patients accepted for medical and nursing care in a hospital or other health care institution.

The administrative process of discharging the patient, alive or dead, from hospitals or other health facilities.

Hospitals controlled by the county government.

Organized services in a hospital which provide medical care on an outpatient basis.

'Hospital Bed Capacity, 500 and over' refers to the maximum number of hospital beds equaling or exceeding 500 that are medically staffed and equipped to provide patient care and accommodation within a healthcare facility.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Brazil" is not a medical term or concept, it is a country located in South America, known officially as the Federative Republic of Brazil. If you have any questions related to health, medicine, or science, I'd be happy to help answer those!

West Germany refers to the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), which was the democratic and economically prosperous part of Germany that existed from 1949 to 1990, consisting of the states in the American, British, and French zones of occupation after World War II, and reunified with East Germany in 1990 to form a unified Federal Republic of Germany.

Agencies of the FEDERAL GOVERNMENT of the United States.

Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution.

A professional society in the United States whose membership is composed of hospitals.

Hospitals controlled by the city government.

Hospital department that manages and supervises the dietary program in accordance with the patients' requirements.

Integrated, computer-assisted systems designed to store, manipulate, and retrieve information concerned with the administrative and clinical aspects of providing medical services within the hospital.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Hospital department responsible for the administration and management of services provided for obstetric and gynecologic patients.

An infant during the first month after birth.

The complex of political institutions, laws, and customs through which the function of governing is carried out in a specific political unit.

A system for classifying patient care by relating common characteristics such as diagnosis, treatment, and age to an expected consumption of hospital resources and length of stay. Its purpose is to provide a framework for specifying case mix and to reduce hospital costs and reimbursements and it forms the cornerstone of the prospective payment system.

Federal program, created by Public Law 89-97, Title XVIII-Health Insurance for the Aged, a 1965 amendment to the Social Security Act, that provides health insurance benefits to persons over the age of 65 and others eligible for Social Security benefits. It consists of two separate but coordinated programs: hospital insurance (MEDICARE PART A) and supplementary medical insurance (MEDICARE PART B). (Hospital Administration Terminology, AHA, 2d ed and A Discursive Dictionary of Health Care, US House of Representatives, 1976)

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Private hospitals that are owned or sponsored by religious organizations.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

An agency of the PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE concerned with the overall planning, promoting, and administering of programs pertaining to maintaining standards of quality of foods, drugs, therapeutic devices, etc.

Persons admitted to health facilities which provide board and room, for the purpose of observation, care, diagnosis or treatment.

The term "United States" in a medical context often refers to the country where a patient or study participant resides, and is not a medical term per se, but relevant for epidemiological studies, healthcare policies, and understanding differences in disease prevalence, treatment patterns, and health outcomes across various geographic locations.

Special hospitals which provide care to women during pregnancy and parturition.

Laws and regulations, pertaining to the field of medicine, proposed for enactment or enacted by a legislative body.

The levels of excellence which characterize the health service or health care provided based on accepted standards of quality.

Freedom of equipment from actual or potential hazards.

Federal program, created by Public Law 89-97, Title XIX, a 1965 amendment to the Social Security Act, administered by the states, that provides health care benefits to indigent and medically indigent persons.

Subsequent admissions of a patient to a hospital or other health care institution for treatment.

The hospital department which is responsible for the organization and administration of nursing activities.

Absolute, comparative, or differential costs pertaining to services, institutions, resources, etc., or the analysis and study of these costs.

Cooperation among hospitals for the purpose of sharing various departmental services, e.g., pharmacy, laundry, data processing, etc.

Hospital facilities equipped to carry out investigative procedures.

Decisions, usually developed by government policymakers, for determining present and future objectives pertaining to the health care system.

Innovation and improvement of the health care system by reappraisal, amendment of services, and removal of faults and abuses in providing and distributing health services to patients. It includes a re-alignment of health services and health insurance to maximum demographic elements (the unemployed, indigent, uninsured, elderly, inner cities, rural areas) with reference to coverage, hospitalization, pricing and cost containment, insurers' and employers' costs, pre-existing medical conditions, prescribed drugs, equipment, and services.

The effort of two or more parties to secure the business of a third party by offering, usually under fair or equitable rules of business practice, the most favorable terms.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

The integration of epidemiologic, sociological, economic, and other analytic sciences in the study of health services. Health services research is usually concerned with relationships between need, demand, supply, use, and outcome of health services. The aim of the research is evaluation, particularly in terms of structure, process, output, and outcome. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

The hospital department responsible for the administration and provision of diagnostic and therapeutic services for the cardiac patient.

Detailed financial plans for carrying out specific activities for a certain period of time. They include proposed income and expenditures.

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

Medical services for which no payment is received. Uncompensated care includes charity care and bad debts.

'Hospital bed capacity, under 100' refers to the maximum number of hospital beds available for patient care that is less than one hundred, indicating a smaller healthcare facility or a specific unit within a larger hospital with limited bed resources.

A component of the Department of Health and Human Services to oversee and direct the Medicare and Medicaid programs and related Federal medical care quality control staffs. Name was changed effective June 14, 2001.

Systematic gathering of data for a particular purpose from various sources, including questionnaires, interviews, observation, existing records, and electronic devices. The process is usually preliminary to statistical analysis of the data.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but 'England' is not a medical term and does not have a medical definition. England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom, known for its rich history, cultural heritage, and contributions to medical science. However, in a medical context, it may refer to the location of a patient, healthcare provider, or research study, but it is not a term with a specific medical meaning.

'Hospital Bed Capacity, 100 to 299' refers to the medical facility's capacity to accommodate patients, specifically within the range of 100 to 299 beds, which allows for a moderate-sized hospital setting, enabling it to provide care for a substantial number of patients while maintaining relatively close proximity between healthcare professionals and individuals under their supervision.

State plans prepared by the State Health Planning and Development Agencies which are made up from plans submitted by the Health Systems Agencies and subject to review and revision by the Statewide Health Coordinating Council.

The legal relation between an entity (individual, group, corporation, or-profit, secular, government) and an object. The object may be corporeal, such as equipment, or completely a creature of law, such as a patent; it may be movable, such as an animal, or immovable, such as a building.

Hospitals which provide care for the military personnel and usually for their dependents.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Germany" is a country and not a medical term or concept. Therefore, it doesn't have a medical definition. It is located in Central Europe and is known for its advanced medical research and facilities.

Statistical measures of utilization and other aspects of the provision of health care services including hospitalization and ambulatory care.

Research aimed at assessing the quality and effectiveness of health care as measured by the attainment of a specified end result or outcome. Measures include parameters such as improved health, lowered morbidity or mortality, and improvement of abnormal states (such as elevated blood pressure).

Activities concerned with governmental policies, functions, etc.

Legal guarantee protecting the individual from attack on personal liberties, right to fair trial, right to vote, and freedom from discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin. (from http://www.usccr.gov/ accessed 1/31/2003)

A republic in western Africa, south of NIGER between BENIN and CAMEROON. Its capital is Abuja.

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

Criteria to determine eligibility of patients for medical care programs and services.

Process that is gone through in order for a device to receive approval by a government regulatory agency. This includes any required preclinical or clinical testing, review, submission, and evaluation of the applications and test results, and post-marketing surveillance. It is not restricted to FDA.

A measure of inpatient health facility use based upon the average number or proportion of beds occupied for a given period of time.

'Animal hospitals' are specialized medical facilities primarily dedicated to the diagnosis, treatment, and care of sick, injured, or adopted animals, providing advanced veterinary services, surgeries, and intensive care units, often staffed with trained veterinarians and support personnel.

The degree to which individuals are inhibited or facilitated in their ability to gain entry to and to receive care and services from the health care system. Factors influencing this ability include geographic, architectural, transportational, and financial considerations, among others.

Payment by a third-party payer in a sum equal to the amount expended by a health care provider or facility for health services rendered to an insured or program beneficiary. (From Facts on File Dictionary of Health Care Management, 1988)

Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.

Programs and activities sponsored or administered by local, state, or national governments.

Procedures outlined for the care of casualties and the maintenance of services in disasters.

Hospitals providing medical care to veterans of wars.

The combining of administrative and organizational resources of two or more health care facilities.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

Health insurance plans for employees, and generally including their dependents, usually on a cost-sharing basis with the employer paying a percentage of the premium.

A medical facility which provides a high degree of subspecialty expertise for patients from centers where they received SECONDARY CARE.

Activities and programs intended to assure or improve the quality of care in either a defined medical setting or a program. The concept includes the assessment or evaluation of the quality of care; identification of problems or shortcomings in the delivery of care; designing activities to overcome these deficiencies; and follow-up monitoring to ensure effectiveness of corrective steps.

Time period from 1901 through 2000 of the common era.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

The physical space or dimensions of a facility. Size may be indicated by bed capacity.

Norms, criteria, standards, and other direct qualitative and quantitative measures used in determining the quality of health care.

Hospital department responsible for the purchasing of supplies and equipment.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

Recording of pertinent information concerning patient's illness or illnesses.

The concept concerned with all aspects of providing and distributing health services to a patient population.

Payments or services provided under stated circumstances under the terms of an insurance policy. In prepayment programs, benefits are the services the programs will provide at defined locations and to the extent needed.

The enactment of laws and ordinances and their regulation by official organs of a nation, state, or other legislative organization. It refers also to health-related laws and regulations in general or for which there is no specific heading.

Hospital units providing continuous surveillance and care to acutely ill patients.

Laws concerned with manufacturing, dispensing, and marketing of drugs.

A detailed review and evaluation of selected clinical records by qualified professional personnel for evaluating quality of medical care.

An organized procedure carried out through committees to review admissions, duration of stay, professional services furnished, and to evaluate the medical necessity of those services and promote their most efficient use.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

Interfacility or intrahospital transfer of patients. Intrahospital transfer is usually to obtain a specific kind of care and interfacility transfer is usually for economic reasons as well as for the type of care provided.

Services specifically designed, staffed, and equipped for the emergency care of patients.

Hospital facilities which provide care for newborn infants.

An Act prohibiting a health plan from establishing lifetime limits or annual limits on the dollar value of benefits for any participant or beneficiary after January 1, 2014. It permits a restricted annual limit for plan years beginning prior to January 1, 2014. It provides that a health plan shall not be prevented from placing annual or lifetime per-beneficiary limits on covered benefits. The Act sets up a competitive health insurance market.

The containment, regulation, or restraint of costs. Costs are said to be contained when the value of resources committed to an activity is not considered excessive. This determination is frequently subjective and dependent upon the specific geographic area of the activity being measured. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

The practice of sending a patient to another program or practitioner for services or advice which the referring source is not prepared to provide.

Hospital department responsible for the organization and administration of psychiatric services.

Exploitation through misrepresentation of the facts or concealment of the purposes of the exploiter.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Switzerland" is a country located in Europe and not a term used in medical definitions. If you have any questions related to medical topics, I'd be happy to help answer those!

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

The condition in which individuals are financially unable to access adequate medical care without depriving themselves and their dependents of food, clothing, shelter, and other essentials of living.

A course or method of action selected, usually by a government, from among alternatives to guide and determine present and future decisions.

Situations or conditions requiring immediate intervention to avoid serious adverse results.

Those federal and state laws, and their enforcement, that protect trade and commerce from unlawful restraints and monopolies or unfair business practices.

The interactions between representatives of institutions, agencies, or organizations.

The amounts spent by individuals, groups, nations, or private or public organizations for total health care and/or its various components. These amounts may or may not be equivalent to the actual costs (HEALTH CARE COSTS) and may or may not be shared among the patient, insurers, and/or employers.

Insurance providing coverage of medical, surgical, or hospital care in general or for which there is no specific heading.

National Health Insurance in the United States refers to a proposed system of healthcare financing that would provide comprehensive coverage for all residents, funded through a combination of government funding and mandatory contributions, and administered by a public agency.

Generally refers to the amount of protection available and the kind of loss which would be paid for under an insurance contract with an insurer. (Slee & Slee, Health Care Terms, 2d ed)

Conformity in fulfilling or following official, recognized, or institutional requirements, guidelines, recommendations, protocols, pathways, or other standards.

A geographic area defined and served by a health program or institution.

Hospital department which manages and provides the required housekeeping functions in all areas of the hospital.

The hospital department responsible for the administration and provision of diagnostic and therapeutic services for the cancer patient.

Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS.

Operations carried out for the correction of deformities and defects, repair of injuries, and diagnosis and cure of certain diseases. (Taber, 18th ed.)

The largest country in North America, comprising 10 provinces and three territories. Its capital is Ottawa.

The actual costs of providing services related to the delivery of health care, including the costs of procedures, therapies, and medications. It is differentiated from HEALTH EXPENDITURES, which refers to the amount of money paid for the services, and from fees, which refers to the amount charged, regardless of cost.

Reductions in all or any portion of the costs of providing goods or services. Savings may be incurred by the provider or the consumer.

The development of systems to prevent accidents, injuries, and other adverse occurrences in an institutional setting. The concept includes prevention or reduction of adverse events or incidents involving employees, patients, or facilities. Examples include plans to reduce injuries from falls or plans for fire safety to promote a safe institutional environment.

Economic sector concerned with the provision, distribution, and consumption of health care services and related products.

The selection, appointing, and scheduling of personnel.

The assignment, to each of several particular cost-centers, of an equitable proportion of the costs of activities that serve all of them. Cost-center usually refers to institutional departments or services.

Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

A system wherein reimbursement rates are set, for a given period of time, prior to the circumstances giving rise to actual reimbursement claims.

Programs of disease surveillance, generally within health care facilities, designed to investigate, prevent, and control the spread of infections and their causative microorganisms.

Ongoing scrutiny of a population (general population, study population, target population, etc.), generally using methods distinguished by their practicability, uniformity, and frequently their rapidity, rather than by complete accuracy.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

The frequency of different ages or age groups in a given population. The distribution may refer to either how many or what proportion of the group. The population is usually patients with a specific disease but the concept is not restricted to humans and is not restricted to medicine.

Branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and control of disease and disability, and the promotion of physical and mental health of the population on the international, national, state, or municipal level.

The decision process by which individuals, groups or institutions establish policies pertaining to plans, programs or procedures.

Overall systems, traditional or automated, to provide medication to patients in hospitals. Elements of the system are: handling the physician's order, transcription of the order by nurse and/or pharmacist, filling the medication order, transfer to the nursing unit, and administration to the patient.

Hospitals which provide care to patients with long-term illnesses.

A constituent organization of the DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES concerned with protecting and improving the health of the nation.

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

Management activities concerned with hospital employees.

Medical complexes consisting of medical school, hospitals, clinics, libraries, administrative facilities, etc.

Application of marketing principles and techniques to maximize the use of health care resources.

Outside services provided to an institution under a formal financial agreement.

Formularies concerned with pharmaceuticals prescribed in hospitals.

Includes relationships between hospitals, their governing boards, and administrators in regard to physicians, whether or not the physicians are members of the medical staff or have medical staff privileges.

Hospital department responsible for the flow of patients and the processing of admissions, discharges, transfers, and also most procedures to be carried out in the event of a patient's death.

Institutional funding for facilities and for equipment which becomes a part of the assets of the institution.

The degree to which the individual regards the health care service or product or the manner in which it is delivered by the provider as useful, effective, or beneficial.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

Social and economic factors that characterize the individual or group within the social structure.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

The systems and processes involved in the establishment, support, management, and operation of registers, e.g., disease registers.

Hospitals controlled by agencies and departments of the U.S. federal government.

Individuals licensed to practice medicine.

Child hospitalized for short term care.

Consumer Product Safety refers to the measures and regulations implemented to ensure household items, toys, and other consumer products are designed, manufactured, and distributed in a manner that minimizes risks of harm, injury, or death to consumers during normal use or foreseeable misuse.

Institutional systems consisting of more than one health facility which have cooperative administrative arrangements through merger, affiliation, shared services, or other collective ventures.

A management function in which standards and guidelines are developed for the development, maintenance, and handling of forms and records.

Health care services provided to patients on an ambulatory basis, rather than by admission to a hospital or other health care facility. The services may be a part of a hospital, augmenting its inpatient services, or may be provided at a free-standing facility.

Components of a national health care system which administer specific services, e.g., national health insurance.

A legal requirement that designated types of information acquired by professionals or institutions in the course of their work be reported to appropriate authorities.

Financial support of research activities.

The closing of any health facility, e.g., health centers, residential facilities, and hospitals.

Attitudes of personnel toward their patients, other professionals, toward the medical care system, etc.

Formal voluntary or governmental procedures and standards required of hospitals and health or other facilities to improve operating efficiency, and for the protection of the consumer.

A parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch in southeast Asia, consisting of 11 states (West Malaysia) on the Malay Peninsula and two states (East Malaysia) on the island of BORNEO. It is also called the Federation of Malaysia. Its capital is Kuala Lumpur. Before 1963 it was the Union of Malaya. It reorganized in 1948 as the Federation of Malaya, becoming independent from British Malaya in 1957 and becoming Malaysia in 1963 as a federation of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore (which seceded in 1965). The form Malay- probably derives from the Tamil malay, mountain, with reference to its geography. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p715 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p329)

A systematic statement of policy rules or principles. Guidelines may be developed by government agencies at any level, institutions, professional societies, governing boards, or by convening expert panels. The text may be cursive or in outline form but is generally a comprehensive guide to problems and approaches in any field of activity. For guidelines in the field of health care and clinical medicine, PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC is available.

Available manpower, facilities, revenue, equipment, and supplies to produce requisite health care and services.

Hospitals organized and controlled by a group of physicians who practice together and provide each other with mutual support.

Extensive collections, reputedly complete, of facts and data garnered from material of a specialized subject area and made available for analysis and application. The collection can be automated by various contemporary methods for retrieval. The concept should be differentiated from DATABASES, BIBLIOGRAPHIC which is restricted to collections of bibliographic references.

Great Britain is not a medical term, but a geographical name for the largest island in the British Isles, which comprises England, Scotland, and Wales, forming the major part of the United Kingdom.

Institutional health care of patients during the day. The patients return home at night.

Patterns of practice related to diagnosis and treatment as especially influenced by cost of the service requested and provided.

Preventive emergency measures and programs designed to protect the individual or community in times of hostile attack.

Processes or methods of reimbursement for services rendered or equipment.